Delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) develops in the absence of an adjuvant when mice are injected intravenously or subcutaneously with appropriate dose sheep red blood cells (SRBC). The optimal intravenous 105 SRBC (in CD-1 mice) produces maximum DTH which decays exponentially from its peak on day 4. Increasing reduces and eventually abolishes all evidence DTH. fails to reappear respose secondary stimulation except splenectomized whom development is not suppressed, even by massive doses...

Delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) appears in mice immunized with less than an optimal immunogenic dose of sheep red blood cells (SRBC), but is blocked progressively as antibody production increases response to larger doses SRBC. Treatment cyclophosphamide (CY) was shown release T from this inhibitory influence the humoral response, and cause enhancement DTH. The magnitude enhancing effect on T-cell activity markedly dependent time treatment relative immunization, chosen for measuring...

A commonly observed phenomenon in plant communities is that the addition of a limiting resource leads to an increase productivity and decrease species diversity. We tested hypothesis mechanism underlying this pattern disproportionate mortality smaller or shade—intolerant more productive sites caused by reduction light levels. added water and/or one three nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) 1st—old—field community dominated weedy annuals measured effect on productivity, composition,...

Rat liver nuclei deprived of chromatin and nucleoplasm show a spongelike network which preserves its connection with nucleoli, the inner membrane nuclear envelope, pore complexes. It contains all HnRNA, provided endogenous proteolytic activity is inhibited by inhibitor such as phenylmethyl sulfonyl chloride (PMSC) or fluoride form (PMSF). In absence these inhibitors, HnRNA dissociated from sediments in sucrose gradient polydispersed ribonucleoprotein Furthermore, purified well rRNA do not...

Dispersal among local communities can have a variety of effects on species composition and diversity at regional scales. Local conditions (e.g., resource predator densities) independent effects, as well interact with dispersal, to alter these patterns. Based metacommunity models, we predicted that would show unimodal relationship dispersal frequency. We manipulated frequencies, levels, the presence predators (mosquito larvae) found in water-filled leaves pitcher plant Sarracenia purpurea....

Competitive interactions involve two separate processes: the effect of a species on others in community and response to all others. Five from 1st—yr field were investigated determine if there is any correlation between competitive patterns can explain relative success each full community. Effect measured by observing growth individuals possible monocultures two—species mixtures, using ambient densities (Year 1) range 2) for species. Both mixtures obtained removing unwanted at emergence,...

We report here a new and critical determinant of the effectiveness hand hygiene procedures, namely amount residual moisture left on hands after washing drying. When samples skin, food utilities were touched with wet, undried hands, microbial numbers in order 68000, 31000 1900 respectively translocated to these representative surfaces. Bacterial translocating touch contact decreased progressively as drying an air or cloth towel system removed from hands. A 10 s towel–20 protocol reduced...

Journal Article Immunopotentiation with BCG. II. Modulation of the Response to Sheep Red Blood Cells Get access T. E. Miller, Miller 3Trudeau Institute, Saranac Lake, N.Y. 12983 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar G. B. Mackaness, Mackaness P. H. Lagrange 129834Lilly International Fellow, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Ind JNCI: National Cancer Volume 51, Issue 5, November 1973, Pages 1669–1676, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/51.5.1669...

A mixture of hydrogen peroxide and ascorbic acid has been found to generate an antibacterial mechanism which is active against gram-negative bacteria. It results in bacterial death renders the organism sensitive lysis by lysozyme. Under conditions used, horseradish peroxidase did not augment effect. suggested that effector involves generation short-lived free radicals disturb integrity cell wall. This effect alone might kill bacteria interfering with selective permeability, but presence...

Species that coexist in diverse natural communities interact complex ways alter each other's abundances and affect selection on traits. Consequently, predicting trait evolution may require understanding ecological evolutionary dynamics involving a number of species. In August 2016, the American Society Naturalists sponsored symposium to explore community context, focusing microevolutionary processes. Here we provide an introduction our perspectives this topic by defining context describing...

The success of species in a community is determined not only by the direct interactions between but also indirect interactions. Indirect effects will occur if an associate changes abundance intermediate chain that ultimately affect growth some focal species. A model presented here and used to quantify five-species weedy plant community. This method quantifies measuring then estimating how such experiments demonstrated this were generally negative (competitive) could be quite large. positive...

Purpose Activation of the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and c-kit receptors has been proposed as important in mediating AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). We investigated response KS to PDGF receptor (PDGFR)/c-kit inhibitor, imatinib mesylate, effect this therapy on critical signal transduction intermediates. Patients Methods Ten male patients with cutaneous KS, which progressed despite chemotherapy and/or highly active antiretroviral therapy, received mesylate administered orally,...

Many previous studies have assumed that a linear relationship between local and regional species richness indicates communities are limited by processes, while saturating suggests interactions restrict richness. We show theoretically the changes in consistent fashion with assembly time interacting communities. Communities saturation their early stages because only subset of pool may colonize locality. At intermediate times, will appear unsaturated until significant competitive exclusion...

The effects of top-down and bottom-up forces on species abundance diversity were quantified in the inquiline communities found water-filled leaves pitcher plant, Sarracenia purpurea. A press field experiment was conducted which abundances resources (dead ants) top predators (larva mosquito Wyeomiia smithii) each maintained at three levels a factorial design for 23 d. Abundances mites, rotifers, protozoans, bacteria increased significantly with prey addition. Protozoan richness also...

An explanation was sought for the fact that delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) does not normally occur in response to T-cell-dependent antigens unless an adjuvant is used. But when sheep red blood cells (SRBC) were administered intravenously DTH did appear, provided dose of antigen less than required give a maximum antibody response. Animals which T-cell activity had been blocked by large could be sensitized adoptively, and their spleen failed transfer normal recipients. The serum animals...

Abstract Introduction For better or worse, the imposition of work-hour limitations on house-staff has imperiled continuity and/or improved decision-making. Regardless, workflow every physician team in academic medical centre been irrevocably altered. We explored use cognitive task analysis (CTA) techniques, most commonly used other high-stress and time-sensitive environments, to analyse key activities critical care medicine. The study objective was assess usefulness CTA as an analytical tool...