A5083469770- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Skin Protection and Aging
- Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- melanin and skin pigmentation
- DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- ATP Synthase and ATPases Research
- Molecular Biology Techniques and Applications
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Telomeres, Telomerase, and Senescence
- RNA regulation and disease
- Hair Growth and Disorders
- Genomics, phytochemicals, and oxidative stress
- Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
- Skin and Cellular Biology Research
- Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Redox biology and oxidative stress
- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
- Marine animal studies overview
Newcastle University
2014-2023
Catalyst
2021
Newcastle Hospitals - Campus for Ageing and Vitality
2021
University of Newcastle Australia
2003-2020
Clinical Research Institute
2020
Coventry University
2018
Cellular Therapeutics (United Kingdom)
2009
University of Ulster
1999
Royal Victoria Hospital
1999
Hôpital des Enfants
1996
Aging is an inherently stochastic process, and its hallmark heterogeneity between organisms, cell types, clonal populations, even in identical environments. The replicative lifespan of primary human cells telomere dependent; however, not understood. We show that mitochondrial superoxide production increases with age fibroblasts despite adaptive UCP-2–dependent uncoupling. This dysfunction accompanied by compromised [Ca2+]i homeostasis other indicators a retrograde response senescent cells....
Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein that counteracts telomere shortening and can immortalise human cells. There also evidence for telomere-independent survival function of telomerase. However, its mechanism not understood. We show here TERT, the catalytic subunit telomerase, protects fibroblasts against oxidative stress. While TERT maintains length under standard conditions, telomeres increased stress shorten as fast in cells without active This because reversibly excluded from nucleus dose-...
Cancer begins with multiple cumulative epigenetic and genetic alterations that sequencially transform a cell, or group of cells in particular organ. The early events might lead to clonal expansion pre-neoplastic daughter tumor field. Subsequent genomic changes some these drive them towards the malignant phenotype. These transformed are diagnosed histopathologically as cancers owing cell morphology. Conceivably, population (without histopathology) remain organ, demonstrating concept field...
Variants of the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene are common in individuals with red hair and fair skin, but relative contribution to these pigmentary traits heterozygotes, homozygotes compound heterozygotes for variants at this locus from multiple alleles present Caucasian populations is unclear. We have investigated 174 11 large kindreds a preponderance an additional 99 unrelated redheads, MC1R confirmed that usually inherited as recessive characteristic R151C, R160W, D294H, R142H,...
Oxidative stress is generated by a multitude of environmental and endogenous challenges such as radiation, inflammation, or psychoemotional stress. It also speeds the aging process. Graying prominent but little understood feature aging. Intriguingly, continuous melanin synthesis in growing (anagen) hair follicle generates high oxidative We therefore hypothesize that bulb melanocytes are especially susceptible to free radical-induced To test this hypothesis, we subjected human scalp skin...
Abstract Exploiting vulnerabilities in the intracellular signaling pathways of tumor cells is a key strategy for development new drugs. The activation cellular stress responses mediated by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) allows cancer to survive outside their normal environment. Many proteins that protect against ER are active as protein disulfide isomerases (PDI) and aim this study was test hypothesis apoptosis response can be increased inhibiting PDI activity. We show novel chemotherapeutic...
Previous epidemiological, animal and human data report that lycopene has a protective effect against ultraviolet radiation (UVR)-induced erythema.We examined whether tomato paste--rich in lycopene, powerful antioxidant--can protect skin UVR-induced effects partially mediated by oxidative stress, i.e. erythema, matrix changes mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage.In randomized controlled study, 20 healthy women (median age 33 years, range 21-47; phototype I/II) ingested 55 g paste (16 mg lycopene)...
Genetic defects affecting the mitochondrial respiratory chain are an important cause of neurological disease. Previously, we identified a family with complex II deficiency and late-onset neurodegenerative disease progressive optic atrophy, ataxia, myopathy. The affected members now shown to carry C-to-T transition in one allele nuclear gene encoding flavoprotein subunit II. Mutation equivalent base Escherichia coli generates inactive enzyme unable bind flavin adenine dinucleotide covalently....