We use 3D hydrodynamic simulations of the long-term evolution neutron star merger ejecta to predict light curves electromagnetic transients that are powered by decay freshly produced r-process nuclei. For dynamic launched tidal and interaction, we adopt grey opacities 10 cm$^2$/g, as suggested recent studies. our reference case a 1.3-1.4 $M_\odot$ merger, find broad IR peak 2-4 d after merger. The luminosity is $\approx 2\times 10^{40}$ erg/s for an average orientation, but increased up...

The ability of thin materials to shape-shift is a common occurrence that leads dynamic pattern formation and function in natural man-made structures. However, harnessing this concept rationally design inorganic structures at the nanoscale has remained far from reach due lack fundamental understanding essential physical components. Here, we show interaction between organic ligands nanocrystal surface responsible for full range chiral shapes seen colloidal nanoplatelets. adsorption results...

Most tissue properties and biological processes in tissues are dependent on or regulated by the local mechanical stresses: Examples cell division differentiation, or, at larger scales, morphogensis. In this paper, we theoretically study rheology of two-dimensional epithelial described a discrete vertexlike model actively dividing cells. We use general analytical coarse-grained continuum formulation, which allows for explicit calculation stresses size shape various geometries. discuss two...

Abstract Self-assembly is an important process by which nontrivial structures are formed on the sub-micron scales. Such processes governed chemical and physical principles that dictate how molecular interactions affect supramolecular geometry. Currently there no general framework links between properties morphology with its size parameters. Here we introduce a new paradigm for description analysis of self-assemble via short-range interactions. Analysis determines inputs to theory...

We derive a reduced quasi-one-dimensional theory of geometrically frustrated elastic ribbons. Expressed in terms geometric properties alone, it applies to ribbons over wide range scales, allowing the study their equilibrium, as well thermal fluctuations. use account for twisted-to-helical transition with spontaneous negative curvature, and effect fluctuations on corresponding critical exponents. The persistence length such changes non-monotonically ribbon's width, dropping zero at...

We present a covariant continuum formulation of generalized two-dimensional vertexlike model epithelial tissues which describes with different underlying geometries, and allows for an analytical macroscopic description. Using geometrical approach out-of-equilibrium statistical mechanics, we calculate both mechanical dynamical instabilities tissue, their dependences on various variables, including activity, cell-shape heterogeneity (disorder). show how plastic cellular rearrangements the...

An EPR experiment is studied where each particle undergoes a few weak measurements along some pre-set spin orientations, whose outcomes are individually recorded. Then the strong measurement orientation freely chosen at last moment. Bell-inequality violation expected between two final within pair. At same time, agreement these and earlier ones A contradiction thereby ensues: i) Bell's theorem forbids values to exist prior choice of spin-orientation be measured; ii) cannot determine outcome...

Quantum weak measurement is presented as shedding new light on the retrocausality question. It shown to leave a system almost unaffected while gathering information about it. Next, an EPR experiment studied where each particle undergoes few measurements along some pre-set spin orientations. These outcomes are individually recorded. Then strong orientation freely chosen at last moment. Bell-inequality violation expected between two final within pair. At same time, agreement these and earlier...

We study the shape and fluctuations of incompatible, positively curved ribbons, with a flat reference metric spherelike curvature. Such incompatible geometry is likely to occur in many self-assembled materials other experimental systems. Ribbons this exhibit sharp transition between rigid ring an anomalously soft spring as function their width. As result, temperature dependence these ribbons' unique, exhibiting nonmonotonic persistence Kuhn lengths on map possible configuration phase space...

We suggest a geometrical mechanism for the ordering of slender filaments inside non-isotropic containers, using cortical microtubules in plant cells and packing viral genetic material capsids as concrete examples. show analytically how shape cell affects phantom, non-self-avoiding, stiff rods. find that oblate preferred orientation is along equator, while prolate spheroids with an aspect ratio close to one, principal (long axis). Surprisingly, at high enough ratio, configurational phase...

Abstract The production of flat organs involves a tight regulation tissue expansion. During growth, the cell wall is under mechanical tension and continuous remodelling, requiring mechanisms to sense maintain integrity (CWI). Here we studied link between CWI sensing flatness Marchantia polymorpha thalli. We considered FERONIA ( FER ), sensor, assessed its role in maintenance thallus shape. developed pipeline quantify at multiple scales. found that both abolishing increasing expression leads...

Using a statistical-mechanics approach, we study the effects of geometry and self-avoidance on ordering slender filaments inside nonisotropic containers, considering cortical microtubules in plant cells, packing genetic material viral capsids as concrete examples. Within mean-field approximation, show analytically how shape container, together with self-avoidance, affects stiff rods. We find that strength self-avoiding interaction plays significant role preferred orientation, leading to...

An experiment is proposed which can distinguish between two approaches to the reality of electric field, and whether it has mechanical properties such as mass stress. A charged pendulum swings within field a much larger charge. The fields manifest familiar apparent curvature their field-lines, "bent" so not cross each other. If this phenomenon real, pendulum's center must be proportionately shifted according its lines' curvature. This prediction no precise counterpart in conventional...

The ability of thin materials to shape-shift is a common occurrence that leads dynamic pattern formation and function in natural man-made structures. However, harnessing this concept design inorganic structures at the nanoscale rationally has remained far from reach due lack fundamental understanding essential physical components. Here, we show interaction between organic ligands nanocrystal surface responsible for full range chiral shapes seen colloidal nanoplatelets. adsorption results...

The elastic response of mechanical, chemical, and biological systems is often modeled using a discrete arrangement Hookean springs, either representing finite material elements or even the molecular bonds system. However, to date, there no direct derivation relation between general spring network it's corresponding continuum. Furthermore, understanding network's mechanical requires simulations that may be expensive computationally. Here we report method derive exact continuum model any...

Using a statistical - mechanics approach, we study the effects of geometry and entropy on ordering slender filaments inside non-isotropic containers, considering cortical microtubules in plant cells, packing genetic material viral capsids as concrete examples. Working mean field approximation, show analytically how shape container, together with self avoidance, affects stiff rods. We find that strength self-avoiding interaction plays significant role preferred orientation, leading to...

The mechanical properties of tissues play an essential role for all tissue such as cell division, and differentiation or morphogenesis. Here, we study theoretically the rheology 2-dimensional epithelial described by a discrete vertex-like model, using analytical coarsegrained continuum formulation. We show that are most often shear-thinning under constant shear rate, in certain circumstances cross over from thickening at low rates to thinning high rates. give expression response oscillating...

We derive a course grained, continuum model of the 2D vertex model, applicable for different underlying geometries, and allowing analytical analysis an otherwise numerical model. Using geometric approach out--of--equilibrium statistical mechanics, we calculate both mechanical dynamical instabilities within tissue, their dependence on variables, including activity, disorder. Most notably, tissue's response depends existence residual stresses in tissue. Thus, even freely growing tissues may...