The aim of this study was to explore lameness and the associations between health/production measures animal welfare in commercial broiler production, using Welfare Quality® protocol for broilers. A total 50 flocks were included sample farm visits conducted scoring at a mean age 28.9 days. percentage animals (n=7500) six different gait score (GS) categories GS0: 2.53%, GS1: 44.19%, GS2: 33.84%, GS3: 16.32%, GS4: 2.36% GS5: 0.53%. Production other data collected each flock after slaughter....

Abstract Tick‐borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is recognized as the most important zoonotic tick‐transmitted in Europe. TBEV mainly transmitted to humans through bites from TBEV‐infected ticks ( Ixodes ricinus and persulcatus ). However, alimentary infection after consumption of unpasteurized milk cheese domestic ruminants has been reported. There little information about Norway. The objectives this study were analyse cow for RNA presence IgG antibodies same animals. A total 112 blood samples...

Lameness and impaired walking ability in rapidly growing meat-type broiler chickens are major welfare issues that cause economic losses. This study analyzed the prevalence of its associations with production data, abattoir registrations, postmortem tibia measurements Norwegian chickens. Gait score (GS) was used to assess 59 different commercial flocks (Ross 308) close slaughter d, 5,900 broilers total, 3 geographical regions. In each flock, 100 arbitrary were gait scored 10 random culled...

Broiler mortality during transport to abattoirs (dead-on-arrival/DOA) evokes concern due compromised animal welfare and associated economic losses. The general aim of this study was characterize pathological lesions with in broilers close slaughter. specific investigate whether disease at the end growth period may be a predisposing factor for DOA by describing comparing findings dead-on-farm (DOF) final days production cycle from same flocks. Gross post-mortem examinations were performed on...

In the Welfare Quality® assessment protocol for broilers, touch test is included to assess human-animal relationship in flock. The designed measure animals' fear of humans, assuming that broilers will withdraw from observer if they are fearful. However, many close slaughter age have impaired walking ability, and results may thus be biased by lameness poor leg health. As currently being used several countries there an urgent need examine this potential a further validation test. present...

An investigation of stillbirth and early neonatal lamb mortality was conducted in sheep flocks Norway. Knowledge actual causes death are important to aid the interpretation results obtained during studies assessing risk factors for mortality, when tailoring preventive measures at flock, ewe individual level. This paper reports on postmortem findings 270 liveborn lambs that died first 5 days after birth. The were from 17 six counties. A total 27% within 3 h birth, 41% 24 80% 2 days. Most...

In poultry flocks, flock weight uniformity is often defined as the percent individuals within 10% of mean body (BW) and variability this can be expressed CV BW. Flock a standardized objective measured, could potentially used welfare indicator; however, little known about relationship between other production measures on-farm or at slaughter. The aim study was to investigate associations carcass (CV BW) slaughter in Norwegian commercial broiler flocks. A total 45 randomly selected mixed-sex...

The transmission dynamics of Anaplasma phagocytophilum strains circulating within juvenile members a sheep flock grazing on an Ixodes ricinus-infested pasture in southern Norway were monitored. PCR-based detection the bacterial p44 fragments blood 16 lambs sampled weekly for weeks following their release into revealed rickettsemia all animals, with increasing proportion infected animals as survey progressed. Comparison partial msp4 sequences obtained from samples 24 distinct genotypes, some...

The prevalence of tick-borne diseases is increasing worldwide. One such emerging disease human anaplasmosis. causative organism, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, known to infect multiple animal species and cause fatalities in the U.S., Europe Asia. Although long ruminants, it unclear why there are numbers infections. We analyzed genome sequences strains infecting humans, animals ticks from diverse geographic locations. Despite extensive variability amongst these strains, those humans had conserved...

Abstract Background Anaplasma phagocytophilum is an intracellular organism in the Order Rickettsiales that infects diverse animal species and causing emerging disease humans, dogs horses. Different strains have very different cell tropisms virulence. For example, U.S., been described infect ruminants but not or rodents. An intriguing question how of A . differ what genome loci are involved and/or Type IV secretion systems (T4SS) responsible for translocation substrates across membrane by...

It has been questioned if the old native Norwegian sheep breed, Old Norse Sheep (also called Feral Sheep), normally distributed on coastal areas where ticks are abundant, is more protected against tick-borne infections than other breeds due to a continuously high selection pressure pasture. The aim of present study was test this hypothesis in an experimental infection study.Five-months-old lambs two breeds, White (NW) and (ON) sheep, were experimentally infected with 16S rRNA genetic variant...

Abstract Tick‐borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is the causative agent of tick‐borne (TBE). TBEV one most important neurological pathogens transmitted by tick bites in Europe. The objectives this study were to investigate seroprevalence TBE antibodies cervids Norway and possible emergence new foci, furthermore evaluate if can function as sentinel animals for distribution country. Serum samples from 286 moose, 148 roe deer, 140 red deer 83 reindeer all over collected screened immunoglobulin G...

Anaplasma phagocytophilum is the causative agent of tick-borne fever in ruminants and human granulocytotropic anaplasmosis (HGA). The bacterium able to survive for several months immune-competent sheep by modifying important cellular humoral defence mechanisms. Little known about how different strains A. propagate their natural hosts during persistent infection. Two groups five lambs were infected with each two 16S rRNA gene variants phagocytophilum, i.e. variant 1 which identical GenBank no...

Catching is the first step in pre-slaughter chain for broiler chickens. The process may be detrimental animal welfare due to associated handling. aim of this pilot study was compare two different methods manually catch broilers: broilers by legs and carrying them inverted (LEGS) or catching under abdomen an upright position (UPRIGHT). Wing leg fractures upon arrival at abattoir, density drawers, birds on their back, dead-on-arrival time fill transport modules were investigated. results...

ABSTRACT Anaplasma phagocytophilum has long been known to cause tick-borne fever in ruminants and identified more recently as the causative agent of emerging disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis. The related organism marginale uses gene conversion expression site for two major outer membrane proteins (OMPs) generate extensive sequence antigenic variation these OMPs. This is thought present a continuously varying repertoire epitopes mammalian host allow persistence. Recent genomic...

Dairy production in Bosnia and Herzegovina exhibits limited productivity, which may partly, be explained by extensive reproductive problems of non-infectious infectious origin. Brucella spp., Chlamydia abortus, Coxiella burnetii Neospora caninum are common causes decreased outcomes cattle worldwide. Little is, however, known about the disease status herds with reduced performances. A cross-sectional study was designed to document these pathogens dairy Herzegovina. total 1970 serum samples...

Abstract Aims This study explored how dairy farm operating systems with free-stall or tie-stall housing and cow hygiene score influence the occurrence of zoonotic bacteria in raw milk. Methods Results Samples from bulk tank milk (BTM), filters, faeces, feed, teats teat were collected 11 farms loose seven every second month over a period months analysed for presence STEC by culturing combined polymerase chain reaction Campylobacter spp. L. monocytogenes only. spp., present samples environment...

Anaplasma phagocytophilum is the causative agent of human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA) in humans and tick-borne fever (TBF) ruminants. The bacterium invades replicates phagocytes, especially polymorphonuclear granulocytes. In present study, skin biopsies ticks (Ixodes ricinus) were collected from tick feeding lesions on 38 grazing lambs between two three weeks after access to pastures. histopathological changes associated with bites A. infection, described. addition examined by...

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is a zoonotic pathogen which may cause tick-borne (TBE) in humans and animals. More than 10,000 cases of TBE are reported annually Europe Asia. However, the knowledge on animals limited. Co-infection with Anaplasma phagocytophilum louping ill (LIV), close relative to TBEV, sheep has been found more severe disease single LIV or A. infection. The aim this study was investigate TBEV infection co-infection lambs. A total 30 lambs, aged five six months, were...

This study investigated high mortality in broilers transported to slaughter Norway by comparing data from flocks with normal and during transportation. The sources consisted of necropsy findings 535 dead-on-arrival (DOA), production slaughterhouse data, along average journey duration for the 61 associated flocks. mean Norwegian DOA% 2015 was 0.10. In this study, normal-mortality were defined as a up 0.30 above 0.30. calculated per flock. most frequent pathological finding lung congestion...