In a target discrimination task, trials with incorrect responses elicit event-related potentials (ERPs) that include an error-related negativity (ERN or Ne) and later error-positivity (Pe). Substantial evidence points to the anterior cingulate cortex as source generator of ERN. We examined development ERP component morphology, amplitude latency processing correct in 124 children, 7 18 years age, 27 adults, 19 through 25 age. The ERN Pe were recorded during standard 480-trial visual flanker...

Purpose The present study examined vocal SPL, voice handicap, and speech characteristics in Parkinson’s disease (PD) following an extended version of the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT), to help determine whether current treatment dosages can be altered without compromising clinical outcomes. Method Twelve participants with idiopathic PD received (LSVT-X), similar LSVT except that it was administered twice a week 1-hr sessions over 8 weeks required substantially more home practice....

Abstract OBJECTIVE. This study tested the assumption of sensory integration theory that states a relationship exists between brain function and behavioral manifestations integrative dysfunction. METHOD. Electroencephalographic measures were used to examine processing in 28 children with disorders (SPD) 25 who typically developing, ages 5–12 years. RESULTS. Children SPD demonstrated less gating than developing. A significant age was found developing but not SPD. Brain activity correctly...

English- and Spanish-learning infants were tested for perception of 2 synthetic speech contrasts differing in voice onset time. The pairs chosen so that they native to either Spanish or English. Using the Visually Reinforced Infant Speech Discrimination (VRISD) paradigm, 6--8-month-old taught respond a change auditory stimuli with headturn. Correct headturns reinforced by activation lighted animated toy. While provided evidence discriminating both English contrasts, English-learning only...

This study explores the differences in profile of relationships between sensory processing and attention abilities among children with disorders (SPD), autism spectrum (ASD) typically-developing (TD) children. The Test Everyday Attention for Children (TEA-Ch), a performance-based measure was administered to 69 (TD: n=24; SPD: n=21; ASD: n=24), ages 6-10 years. All participants' parents completed Short Sensory Profile (SSP), standardized parent-report sensory-related behaviors. Discriminant...

Two studies of children's conversational language abilities are reported. In the first, mean length utterance (MLU) and lexical diversity (D) were examined in a group typically developing Cantonese-speaking children Hong Kong. Regression analyses indicated significant linear relationship between MLU age ( R = .44) curvilinear D .73) 27–68 months. moderately correlated with each other r .23); however, two measures showed no statistical when effect was partialled out. second study, utterances...

The efficacy of screening 2-year-old children for language delay using a parent-report questionnaire was investigated in three studies. Language Development Survey (Rescorla, 1989) mailed to 650 families at the time their child's second birthday. Fifty-three percent surveys received by parents were completed and returned. Screening outcomes then compared, double-blind fashion, with results comprehensive clinical evaluations ages 2 ( N = 64) 3 36). Parents' report size children's expressive...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the assumption that preschool children who receive occupational therapy will demonstrate significant improvement in their visual-motor skills as measured on Developmental Test Visual-Motor Integration (VMI) and two supplemental Visual Perception Motor Coordination tests.Preschool with developmental delays (n = 12) received a minimum one individual 30-minute session, group session per week for 1 school year. Their performance compared control groups;...

Abstract Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) frequently demonstrate atypical processing of sensory information and deficits in attentional abilities. These may impact social academic functioning. Although music therapy has been used to address needs, there are no studies including physiologic indicators determine the therapy. The objective this study was feasibility conducting protocols, adequacy electroencephalography (EEG) behavioral measures identifying differences children ASD...

The present study examined the temporal reliability of four quantitative measurements operationally defined linguistic behaviors observed in a naturalistic setting. measures language production were computed using Systematic Analysis Language Transcripts (SALT) software from two 20-minute samples obtained 3 to 14 days apart for each 20 preschool-aged children. Samples edited different sizes based either on duration (12 or minutes) limits total number complete and intelligible utterances...

A bstract : In order to study the maturation of neurobehavioral systems involved in affect regulation and behavioral choices during adolescence, we examined brain activity associated with response monitoring error detection using event‐related potentials (ERPs). a visual flanker test, trials incorrect responses elicit ERP components including an error‐related negativity (ERN) later error‐positivity (Pe). We amplitude latency ERN Pe 124 children from 7 18 years age. The increased age although...

Prediction and explanation of the dropout phenomenon in adult education have suffered from a lack theory-based research. In present inquiry, social environment theory was employed to determine relation behavior ecology classroom. Research school settings indicates that discrepancies between students' expectations specific classroom their actual experiences promote dissatisfaction. These findings, coupled with theoretical deduction, suggested hypothesis dropouts, compared persisters, would...

Abstract OBJECTIVE. We sought to determine whether children with sensory processing disorder (SPD) differ from typically developing on a neurophysiological measure, the P300 component of event-related potentials produced in response brief auditory stimulation. METHOD. used electroencephalographic measures (i.e., N200 and components) examine 20 SPD 71 children, ages 5–10 yr. RESULTS. Children demonstrated significantly smaller amplitudes shorter latencies than children. Brain activity...

The preschool years are a critical window for obesity prevention efforts; representing time when children establish healthy eating habits and physical activity patterns. Understanding the context in which these behaviors develop is to formulating model address childhood obesity. Colorado LEAP Study, an intervention study designed prevent early obesity, utilizes social ecological approach explore individual, family environmental factors their relationship child weight status over 3 year...

The present study was conducted to examine the validity of School Function Assessment (SFA). sample consisted 64 children: 29 in general education (GEN) without disabilities, 18 with learning disabilities (LD), and 17 cerebral palsy (CP). Convergent supported by significant correlation (r values ranged from .56 .72) found between scores on Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (classroom edition) comparable scales SFA. Construct SFA using known groups method also supported. Significant...

This study explores how trial-to-trial latency variability contributes to the developmental trends observed in ERN amplitude found incorrect trials of a performance monitoring task, visual flanker task. An Adaptive Woody filter was used measure and correct for 240 participants aged 7-25 years. Using three measures variability, degree shown decrease as age increased from 7 25 The success technique remove demonstrated straightforward manner by significant changes fit intraindividual obtained...

Recent error-related event-related potential (ERP) studies suggest that children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) display deficits in error monitoring compared to control children. Information regarding deficit adults ADHD, however, is scarce. We investigated a sample of college students ADHD and them their peers. In addition (-related) negativity (Ne/ERN) positivity (Pe), we examined behavioral performance such as reaction time (RT) well self-reported behaviors...