A5083642903- earthquake and tectonic studies
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Seismology and Earthquake Studies
- Seismic Waves and Analysis
- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Earthquake Detection and Analysis
- Seismic Imaging and Inversion Techniques
- Landslides and related hazards
- Geological and Tectonic Studies in Latin America
- Geological Studies and Exploration
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Geological and Geophysical Studies
- Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis
- Geophysics and Sensor Technology
- Hydraulic Fracturing and Reservoir Analysis
- Disaster Response and Management
- Health and Medical Studies
- Seismic Performance and Analysis
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Oil and Gas Production Techniques
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence
- Complex Systems and Decision Making
- Offshore Engineering and Technologies
- Winter Sports Injuries and Performance
Scripps Institution of Oceanography
2014-2025
University of California, San Diego
2014-2025
Institute of Vegetables and Flowers
2025
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
2025
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs
2025
UC San Diego Health System
2023
Florida State University
2019-2020
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
2017-2020
University of Delaware
2019
University of Rhode Island
2019
The destructive 2023 moment magnitude (Mw) 7.8-7.7 earthquake doublet ruptured multiple segments of the East Anatolian Fault system in Turkey. We integrated multiscale seismic and space-geodetic observations with multifault kinematic inversions dynamic rupture modeling to unravel events' complex history stress-mediated fault interactions. Our analysis reveals three subshear slip episodes during initial Mw 7.8 a delayed initiation southwest. 7.7 event occurred 9 hours later larger supershear...
Abstract The 2015 M w 8.3 Illapel, Chile earthquake is the latest megathrust event on central segment of that subduction zone. It generated strong ground motions and a large (up to 11 m runup) tsunami which prompted evacuation more than 1 million people in first hours following event. Observations during recent earthquakes suggest these phenomena can be associated with rupture different parts megathrust. deep portion generates shaking while slow, slip shallow fault responsible for tsunami....
Abstract We analyze the rupture process of 25 April 2015 Nepal earthquake with globally recorded teleseismic P waves. The propagated east‐southeast from hypocenter for about 160 km a duration ∼55 s. Backprojection both high‐frequency (HF, 0.2 to 3 Hz) and low‐frequency (LF, 0.05 waves suggest multistage process. From images, we resolve an initial slow downdip (northward) near nucleation area first 20 s (Stage 1), followed by two faster updip ruptures (20 40 Stage 2 55 3), which released most...
Research Article| April 06, 2016 The Earthquake‐Source Inversion Validation (SIV) Project P. Martin Mai; Mai aKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Division Physical Sciences Engineering, Thuwal 23955‐6900, Kingdom Saudi Arabiamartin.mai@kaust.edu.sa Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Danijel Schorlemmer; Schorlemmer bGeo‐Forschungszentrum Potsdam, GFZ, Telegrafenberg, 14473 Germany Morgan Page; Page cU.S. Geological Survey, 525 South Wilson Avenue,...
Abstract A devastating magnitude 7.2 earthquake struck Southern Haiti on 14 August 2021. The caused severe damage and over 2000 casualties. Resolving the rupture process can provide critical insights into hazard mitigation. Here we use integrated seismological analyses to obtain history of 2021 earthquake. We find first broke a blind thrust fault then jumped disconnected strike‐slip fault. Neither configurations aligns with left‐lateral tectonic boundary between Caribbean North American...
We use receiver functions calculated for data collected by the INDEPTH‐IV seismic array to image three‐dimensional geometry of crustal and upper mantle velocity discontinuities beneath northeastern Tibet. Our results indicate an average thickness 65 70 km in northern In addition, we observe a 20 Moho offset margin Kunlun Mountains, 10 across Jinsha River Suture gently northward dipping Qaidam Basin. A region central Qiangtang Terrane with higher than normal Vp/Vs ratio ∼1.83 can be result...
Aftershocks are often triggered by static- and/or dynamic-stress changes caused mainshocks. The relative importance of the two triggering mechanisms is controversial at near-to-intermediate distances. We detected and located 48 previously unidentified large early aftershocks earthquakes with magnitudes between ≥7 8 within a few fault lengths (approximately 300 kilometers), during times that high-amplitude surface waves arrive from mainshock (less than 200 seconds). observations indicate...
ABSTRACT Differences in stress-drop estimates among groups of scientists for the same earthquakes suggest disagreement shape source spectra that are used to measure corner frequency. A critical step characterizing involves applying empirical corrections site effects and loss high-frequency energy occurs along source–receiver path. As part Ridgecrest validation study, we compare path-corrected different methods two nearly collocated M 3 investigate whether systematic differences applied path...
ABSTRACT Microearthquakes can be dynamically triggered in southern California by remote earthquakes. However, directly connecting dynamic triggering mechanisms with observational data remains challenging. One proposed failure mechanism suggests that both the amplitude and duration of cyclic fatigue caused passing seismic wave contribute to occurrence. Here, we measure strains recorded borehole strainmeters Anza section San Jacinto fault zone from 710 earthquakes occurred over 300 km away...
Abstract The 2015 M 7.8 Nepal earthquake ruptured part of the Main Himalayan Thrust beneath Kathmandu. To study dynamics this event, we compute P wave spectra main shock and two large aftershocks to estimate stress drop radiated energy. We find that surface reflections (depth phases) these shallow earthquakes produce interference severely biases spectral measurements unless corrections are applied. Measures for within range estimates from global regional earthquakes. explore azimuthal...
Abstract Seismic signals from ocean‐solid Earth interactions are ubiquitously recorded on our planet. However, these wavefields typically incoherent in the time domain limiting their utilization for understanding ocean dynamics or solid properties. In contrast, we find that during large storms such as hurricanes and Nor'easters interaction of long‐period waves with shallow seafloor features located near edge continental shelves, known banks, excites coherent transcontinental Rayleigh wave...
Abstract Closely spaced, multi‐strand ridge transform faults (RTFs) accommodate relative motions along fast spreading mid‐ocean ridges. However, the relations between RTFs and plate dynamics are poorly understood. The Quebrada system is one of most unique RTF systems at East Pacific Rise, consisting four connected by three short intra‐transform centers (ITSCs). We use seven‐months ocean bottom seismograph data to study system, find abundant earthquakes unevenly distributed among active...
Abstract Oceanic detachment fault systems are characteristic of slow‐spreading mid‐ocean ridges, where reduced magma supply leads to increased extension by faulting and exhumation oceanic core complexes (OCCs). OCCs have complicated structure reflecting the interplay between magmatic, hydrothermal, tectonic processes. We use microearthquake data from a 9‐month ocean bottom seismometer deployment image deformation structures in Rainbow massif on Mid‐Atlantic Ridge. Using machine‐learning...
Underwater communication cables are critical components of global infrastructure, carrying over 99% international data traffic. On 14 March 2024, a significant disruption to this network occurred due cable break offshore Ivory Coast, leading widespread internet outages in the west African region. To investigate cause break, we analyze hydroacoustic recorded between 6 and 22 on two hydrophone triads (H10N H10S) installed near Ascension Island by International Monitoring System Comprehensive...
Abstract Underwater communication cables are essential components of global infrastructure, carrying over 99% international data traffic. On 14 March 2024, a significant disruption to this network occurred because cable break offshore Ivory Coast, leading widespread internet outages in the West African region. To investigate cause break, we analyze hydroacoustic recorded between 6 and 22 on two hydrophone triads installed near Ascension Island by International Monitoring System Comprehensive...
An earthquake rupture process can be kinematically described by velocity, duration and spatial extent. These key kinematic source parameters provide important constraints on physics dynamics. In particular, core questions in science addressed once these properties of small earthquakes are well resolved. However, poorly understood, often limited available data sets methodologies. The Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology Community Wavefield Experiment Oklahoma deployed ∼350...
Abstract Submarine landslides that occur offshore are common along the U.S. continental margins. These mass wasting events can trigger tsunamis and hence potentially devastate coastal communities damage infrastructure. However, initiation failure processes of submarine poorly understood. Here, we identify locate 85 previously unknown in Gulf Mexico from 2008 to 2015. Ten these failed spontaneously while remaining 75 were dynamically triggered by passing seismic surface waves distant...
Abstract Earthquakes can be dynamically triggered by the passing waves of other distant events. The frequent occurrence dynamic triggering offers tangible hope in revealing earthquake nucleation processes. However, physical mechanisms behind have remained unclear, and contributions competing hypotheses are challenging to isolate with individual case studies. To gain a systematic understanding spatiotemporal patterns triggering, we investigate phenomenon southern California from 2008 2017. We...
ABSTRACT Seismic moment and stress drop are crucial for understanding earthquake rupture processes, but their estimates often have large uncertainties small earthquakes. Stress is typically inferred from an earthquake’s source spectrum based on theoretical models, poorly constrained path corrections other modeling assumptions limit the accuracy of stress-drop estimates. Here, we compute drops using both P S waves 2019 Ridgecrest sequence, compare estimates, evaluate associated uncertainties....
Abstract Several source models have been proposed to explain the enigmatic 2009 Tonga‐Samoa earthquake. The long‐period data require a composite model and can be fit with normal‐faulting subevent followed by one or more reverse‐faulting subevents. short‐period data, in contrast, indicate compact rupture pattern around epicenter. lack of unified reflects complexity event. We analyze spatiotemporal evolution this earthquake P wave back‐projection from globally distributed stations different...
Abstract We investigate possible biasing effects of inaccurate timing corrections on teleseismic P wave backprojection imaging large earthquake ruptures. These errors occur because empirically estimated time shifts based aligning first arrivals are exact only at the hypocenter and provide approximate for other parts rupture. Using Japan subduction zone as a test region, we analyze 46 M 6– 7 earthquakes over 10 year period, including many aftershocks 2011 9 Tohoku earthquake, performing...
Abstract Oceanic transform faults connect spreading centers and are imprinted with previous tectonic events. However, their interactions not well understood due to limited observations. The Discovery fault system at 4°S, East Pacific Rise (EPR), represents a young system, offering unique opportunity study the interplay between faulting other events an early phases of oceanic system. regularly hosts M 5–6 characteristic earthquakes, seafloor north includes 35 km‐long rift zone that records...
A total of 400 regional earthquakes were located in northern Tibetan Plateau from data recorded by INDEPTH‐IV and PKU Eastern Kunlun arrays May 2007 to June 2009. The distribution these is compatible with a continuously deforming lithosphere. Most occur at depth range 0‐15 km, but no event deeper than 30 km. This observation strongly supports the existence hot weak lower crust beneath Tibet. crustal seismogenic zone appears slightly thicker Tibet southern plateau, possibly reflecting...