Mixed-acid systems consisting of both Lewis and Brønsted acids were found to be efficient catalysts for direct synthesis methyl levulinate from cellulose.

This paper proposes a method for period-based gait trajectory matching in the eigenspace using phase synchronization low frame-rate videos. First, period is detected by maximizing normalized autocorrelation of silhouette sequence temporal axis. Next, expressed as and synchronized time stretching shifting based on period. In addition, multiple results are integrated via statistical procedures more robust presence fluctuations among sequences. Results experiments conducted with 185 subjects to...

Atmospheric input of anthropogenic total nitrate to marginal seas in the western North Pacific region was simulated using a regional chemical transport model over East Asia based on year‐to‐year emission estimates during 1980–2003. Seasonal cycles and concentration levels gas aerosol were examined observation data from various studies. The deposition China Sea (ECS) as 140 GgN/yr, which is same order annual river discharge Yangtze River. ratio dry wet ECS obtained approximately 6: 4. Total...

Abstract A highly efficient ring‐opening addition reaction of benzoxazine at ambient temperature has been developed with 2‐methylresorcinol as a nucleophilic reagent. In this reaction, reacted two equivalent amount to give the corresponding 1:2 adduct, demonstrating its potential bifunctional nucleophile. Based on new crosslinking system consisting polymer bearing moieties in side chains and crosslinker performed obtain networked polymer. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Chem,

ABSTRACT: A polyaddition system consisted of a bifunctional N ‐ n ‐propyl benzoxazine and 2‐methylresorcinol ( MR ) that proceeds at ambient temperature has been developed. In this system, the aromatic ring acted as monomer, reacting with two equivalent amount moieties via their ring‐opening reaction. The gave corresponding linear polymer bearing phenolic bridged by Mannich‐type linkage in main chain. had high glass transition temperature, which was comparable to polybenzoxazine synthesized...

Hybrids of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and metal/metal (Pt, NiO/Ni(OH)2, CoO, Fe3O4) nano particle were prepared by reduction (GO) metal ion (Pt2+, Ni2+, Co2+, Fe2+) hybrids. The M-rGO hybrids (M = Pt, Ni-, Co Fe) justified for the transformation glucose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF). High → 5-HMF conversion was yielded depending on nature catalyst. Ni-rGO showed highest yield. reaction tuned optimized state under a microwave-assisted accomplished using Ni-rGO. In such case, rate 99%...

The hard-sphere crystal-melt interfaces, which had been regarded as difficult to construct in computer simulations, were realized by the molecular dynamics (MD) simulation according algorithm Alder and Wainwright [J. Chem. Phys. 31, 459 (1959)]. fcc (100), (110), (111) interfaces studied. At first, an MD was done for a system consisted of two blocks; identical heavy particles laid crystal block light ones melt block. with density phase, whereas arrangement put its central part average being...

The investigation described in this paper looked at both laminated elastomeric bearings and lead-rubber order to obtain a better understanding of the real bearing behavior under combined action shear axial loads when used seismic-isolation system. In particular, focused on distributions vertical pressure faces degree lift-off edges as shearing displacement angle rotation increased.

A gain-flattened Er3+-doped tellurite fibre amplifier (EDTFA) with an expanded L-band is presented. The has average gain of 28 dB and a noise figure < 6 slight excursion 1 over wide wavelength range 1581–1616 nm. total output power the EDTFA module was 20.5 dBm its conversion efficiency reached 25%.

Abstract The decay processes of aryldiazenyl radicals were studied by using a time-resolved ESR method. first order rate constants decomposition determined at −117–−48 °C in cyclopropane solutions the presence or absence olefins. Aryldiazenyl relatively persistent and k1 phenyldiazenyl-d5 −96 was 34 s−1. 20 afforded ρ value +1.53 (r=0.91) Hammett plot. Activation energies ranged from 46.2 to 25.2 kJ mol−1 frequency factors, log A, 13.2 8.2 second-order rates measured initial period process...

Monte Carlo (MC) simulations were performed for hard spheres (with diameter sigma and mass m) placed between well-separated upper lower walls. A periodic boundary condition was imposed in the horizontal direction. The system exposed to gravitational field with acceleration due gravity g. After preparing a melt as initial state, g increased stepwise up mgsigma/k(B)T(identical g(*))=1.5 or 2.0 an increment Deltag(*) = 0.1; k(B)T is temperature multiplied by Boltzmann's constant. We maintained...

Abstract For the purpose of reducing induction period ring‐opening polymerization N ‐methyl‐1,3‐benzoxazines, several urethanes were examined as promoters. The promoters 3a – d adducts resorcinol and phenyl isocyanate, that bisphenol A butyl 1,3‐propanediol respectively. aromatic 3b , which phenolic compounds exhibited significant promoting effects. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Chem,

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTTemperature-Independent Stereocontrolled [2+2] Cycloaddition. Potential of the 2,4-Pentanediol Tether in Asymmetric Reactions as a Differential Activation Entropy PromoterTakashi Sugimura, Takahiro Tei, Atsushi Mori, Tadashi Okuyama, and Akira TaiView Author Information Faculty Science, Himeji Institute Technology Kohto, Kamigori, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 9, 2128–2129Publication Date...

Abstract The honeymoon‐type adhesive for wood products based on acetoacetylated poly(vinyl alcohol) (AAPVA) was investigated focusing the effect of acetoacetylation performance, and that amino compounds as a crosslinking agent. AAPVAs with different degrees were synthesized by addition reaction diketene in dimethylsulfoxide. Adhesive tests carried out using aqueous solutions AAPVA six kinds compounds, spread separately test pieces red meranti selected adherend. mechanical strength bonded...

Disappearance of a stacking fault in the hard-sphere crystal under gravity, such as reported by Zhuet al. [Nature 387, 883 (1997)], has successfully been demonstrated Monte Carlo simulations. We previously found that less ordered (or defective) formed above bottom stepwise controlled gravity [Moriet J. Chem. Phys. 124, 174507 (2006)]. A defect upper defective region identified with for (001) growth. have looked at shrinking mediated motion Shockley partial dislocation; dislocation...

We previously observed that an intrinsic staking fault shrunk through a glide of Shockley partial dislocation terminating its lower end in hard-sphere crystal under gravity coherently grown ⟨001⟩ by Monte Carlo simulations [Mori et al., Molec. Phys. 105, 1377 (2007)]; it was answer to one-decade long standing question why the stacking disorder colloidal crystals reduced [Zhu Nature 387, 883 (1997)]. Here, we present elastic energy calculation; addition self-energy Prog. Theor. Suppl. 178, 33...