A5006256215- Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes
- Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
- Soil erosion and sediment transport
- Landslides and related hazards
- Flood Risk Assessment and Management
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Groundwater flow and contamination studies
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Archaeology and Natural History
- Geological formations and processes
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics
- Hydraulic flow and structures
- Water Quality and Resources Studies
- Climate change and permafrost
- Climate variability and models
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Tree-ring climate responses
- Water resources management and optimization
- Dam Engineering and Safety
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
Pacific Northwest Research Station
2014-2025
US Forest Service
2012-2025
Oregon State University
2008-2025
Government of the United States of America
2010
United States Department of Agriculture
2005
University of British Columbia
2005
Pacific Southwest Research Station
2005
Humber Teaching NHS Foundation Trust
2003
Geological Institute
1880
Field studies in watershed hydrology continue to characterize and catalogue the enormous heterogeneity complexity of rainfall runoff processes more watersheds, different hydroclimatic regimes, at scales. Nevertheless, ability generalize these findings ungauged regions remains out reach. In spite their apparent physical basis complexity, current generation detailed models is process weak. Their representations internal states dynamics are still odds with many experimental findings. order make...
Abstract Earth System Models (ESMs) are essential tools for understanding and predicting global change, but they cannot explicitly resolve hillslope‐scale terrain structures that fundamentally organize water, energy, biogeochemical stores fluxes at subgrid scales. Here we bring together hydrologists, Critical Zone scientists, ESM developers, to explore how hillslope may modulate grid‐level fluxes. In contrast the one‐dimensional (1‐D), 2‐ 3‐m deep, free‐draining soil hydrology in most land...
This study quantified long‐term changes in streamflows associated with clear‐cutting and road construction examined alternative hydrologic mechanisms to explain stream hydrograph the Cascades Range, western Oregon. We differences paired peak discharges for 150 375 storm events five basin pairs, using 34‐year records from two pairs of 60‐to‐101‐ha experimental basins H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest, 50‐to‐55‐year three adjacent ranging 60 600 km 2 . Forest harvesting has increased by as...
Research Article| March 01, 1990 Pattern and origin of stepped-bed morphology in high-gradient streams, Western Cascades, Oregon GORDON E. GRANT; GRANT 1U.S. Department Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Station, 3200 Jefferson Way, Corvallis, 97331 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar FREDERICK J. SWANSON; SWANSON M. WOLMAN 2Department Geography Environmental Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore Maryland 21218 Author Article Information...
Dam removals are reconnecting rivers in the United States
In mountain environments, spatial and temporal patterns of snow accumulation melt are dominant controls on hydrologic responses to climate change. this paper, we develop a simple conceptual model that links the timing peak snowmelt with geologically mediated differences in rate streamflow recession. This demonstrates within western United States, subsurface drainage rates can exacerbate summer losses associated diminishing snowpacks. Application process‐based four watersheds Western...
Volcanic provinces are among the most active but least well understood landscapes on Earth. Here, we show that central Cascade arc, USA, exhibits systematic spatial covariation of topography and hydrology linked to aging volcanic bedrock, suggesting controls landscape evolution. At crest, a locus Quaternary volcanism, water circulates deeply through upper [Formula: see text]1 km crust transitions shallow dominantly horizontal flow as rocks age away from arc front. We argue this pattern...
ABSTRACT: Based on field surveys and analysis of road networks using a geographic information system (GIS), we assessed the hydrologic integration an extensive logging‐road network with stream in two adjacent 62 119 km 2 basins western Cascades Oregon. Detailed drainage for 20 percent 350 revealed flow paths that link roads to channels: roadside ditches draining streams (35 436 culverts examined), gullies incised below their outlets (23 culverts). Gully incision is significantly more likely...
Large woody debris is an integral component of forested, fluvial systems throughout the world, yet we know little about hydraulic thresholds for movement and transport logs. We developed theoretical models entrainment performed flume experiments to examine wood in streams. Both model indicate that log primarily a function piece angle relative flow direction, whether or not had rootwad, density log, diameter. Stability increased if pieces rootwads were rotated parallel flow. Although...
In ungauged basins, predicting streamflows is a major challenge for hydrologists and water managers, with approaches needed to systematically generalize hydrometric properties from limited stream gauge data. Here we illustrate how geologic/geomorphic framework can provide basis describing summer base flow recession behavior at multiple scales tributaries of the Willamette River in Oregon. We classified basin into High Cascade Western provinces based on age underlying volcanic bedrock. Using...
A new hypothesis predicts that in mobile‐bed river channels, interactions between the channel hydraulics and bed configuration prevent Froude number ( Fr ) from exceeding 1 for more than short distances or periods of time. Flow conditions many steep, competent streams appear to be close critical. numbers steep (slope ≈ 0.01) sand‐bed with considerable freedom adjust boundaries oscillate 0.7 1.3 over 20‐ 30‐s cycles, an average 1.0 at thalweg. Critical flow these is maintained by interaction...
The influence of woody debris on channel morphology and aquatic habitat has been recognized for many years. Unlike sediment, however, little is known about how wood moves through river systems. We examined some dynamics transport in streams a series flume experiments observed three distinct regimes: uncongested, congested semi-congested. During uncongested transport, logs move without piece-to-piece interactions generally occupy less than 10 per cent the area. In together as single mass more...
This paper reviews sediment transport and channel morphology in small, forested streams the Pacific Northwest region of North America to assess current knowledge stability relevant riparian management practices around small streams. Small channels are defined as ones which hydraulics may be significantly influenced by individual clasts or wood materials channel. Such headwater close proximity sources, so they reflect a mix hillslope processes. Sediment inputs derived directly from adjacent...
The October 2007 breaching of a temporary cofferdam constructed during removal the 15-meter (m)-tall Marmot Dam on Sandy River, Oregon, triggered rapid sequence fluvial responses as ~730,000 cubic meters (m3) sand and gravel filling former reservoir became available to high-gradient river. Using direct measurements sediment transport, photogrammetry, airborne light detection ranging (lidar) surveys, and, between transport events, repeat ground surveys reach channel downstream, we monitored...
Abstract. The critical zone (CZ), the dynamic living skin of Earth, extends from top vegetative canopy through soil and down to fresh bedrock bottom groundwater. All humans live in depend on CZ. This has three co-evolving surfaces: canopy, ground surface, a deep subsurface below which Earth's materials are unweathered. network nine CZ observatories supported by US National Science Foundation made advances broad areas research relating surfaces. First, monitoring revealed how natural...
Abstract Following the simple question as to where water goes when it rains leads one of most exciting frontiers in earth science: critical zone—Earth's dynamic skin. The zone extends from top vegetation canopy through soil and down fresh bedrock bottom groundwater. Only recently recognized a distinct zone, is challenging study because hard observe directly, varies widely across biogeoclimatic regions. Yet new ideas, instruments, observations are revealing surprising sometimes paradoxical...
ABSTRACT: Implementing ecosystem approaches to land use decision making and management requires new methods for linking science planning. Greater integration is crucial because under sustainable levels of resource are determined by coupling objectives landscape capabilities capacities. Recent proposals implementing employ analyses organized at a hierarchy scales analysis Within this hierarchy, watershed provides framework delineating the spatial distribution linkages between physical...
Debris flows have typically been viewed as two‐phase mixtures of sediment and water, but in forested mountain landscapes, wood can represent a sizable fraction total flow volume. The effects this third phase on behavior are poorly understood. To evaluate whether significant effect debris runout small mountainous watersheds, we used landscape‐scale model combining empirical, stochastic, physical submodels storms, fires, forest growth, tree fall, decay, soil production diffusion, landslide...