An innovative, reflection-based localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) fiber-optic sensor has been developed and demonstrated to detect the concentration of several heavy metal lead ions in an aqueous solution. By using a self-assembling technique, gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) have immobilized on optical fiber functionalized with 1,1-Mercaptoundecanoic acid [MUA; HS(CH <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> )...

Introduction: Cell culture refers to laboratory techniques that enable the In-vitro growth of any kind cells under physiological conditions. It has tremendous usage in biomedical and clinical research. Ascitic fluid pleural from cancer patients are excellent sources for cell study metastatic cancers, tumor microenvironments, patterns, drug resistance, radiosensitivity, etc. Purpose: Primary aim was successfully establish cultures using patient-derived ascitic or Chittaranjan National Cancer...

A reflectance-based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) fiber sensor with enhanced sensitivity for biochemical sensing is reported after comparing its result the transmittance-based SPR optical sensors. The fabricated contains a gold-coated multimode implementation of standard source-sensor-spectrometer interrogation system. As refractive index liquid under test increased, redshift observed. coupling source to optimized by investigating effect an intentional misalignment in transmission-based...

A new optical fiber pH sensor based on bromothymol blue (BTB) thin film with temperature cross-sensitivity has been proposed in this paper. The BTB was prepared by depositing a layer of solution containing tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and indicator the presence surfactants, namely cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (C19H42BrN, CTAB), sol–gel technology an unclad multimode (MMF) surface. number layers deposition length were varied, power transmission versus variation studied. concentration...

Recently CERN has discovered three new exotic particles in LHCb. The particle are $T_{cso}$ $(2900)^{++}$, a doubly charged tetraquark with quark configuration (csu$\overline{d}$), $(2900)^{0}$, neutral (cds$\overline{u}$) and pentaquark $P_{\psi s}$ $(4338)^{0}$ (c$\overline{c}$ uds) which is first observed strange its configuration. discovery of these subatomic exciting the nature interaction constituent quarks need to be understood for multiquark states. Diquark one most important...

The paper compares two different approaches to design an innovative probe with optimized heated area for laser ablation of solid tumors: micro-patterning the fiber delivery tip, and exploitation dissipation plasmonic waves at metal-dielectric interface. Both probes integrate a Bragg grating real- time monitoring obtained temperature increase provide feedback surgeons in practical applications. Experimental characterizations carried out using liver phantoms ex-vivo porcine livers have...

A comparison between the characteristics of transmission and reflection based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) fiber sensors is presented. Both are built using a multimode with 400 μm silica core diameter, un-cladded on length 2 cm then coated 50 nm gold layer. The setup uses bifurcated bundle to avoid complex expensive circulators or couplers. effect misalignments mating tolerances investigated. setups shows that same sensor exhibits higher sensitivity when used in configuration. latter also...

The paper reports - with simulations and experiments on the development of low-cost Surface Plasmon Resonance fiber probes for bio-sensing. analyze impact non-uniform metal layer depositions, a situation that would typically occur in simplified fabrication process, whereas experimental section discusses some preliminary results characterization large-core used as refractometers aqueous solutions.

The properties of quark–gluon plasma (QGP) have been studied considering it as fractal fluid where configuration space shows a noninteger dimension. dimension for the QGP droplet is suggested. thermodynamic like radial distribution function, packing fraction, excess entropy and susceptibility are studied. viscosity phase has also investigated found to behave superfluid. Some interesting observations made.

A simple photonic crystal fiber (PCF) based Mach-Zehnder interferometric sensor is fabricated for sensing the Refractive index. The head formed by all-fiber in-line singlemode - multimode structure, using fusion splicing method. fully collapse air holes of PCF make coupling core and cladding mode in region which establish a interferometer. used as coupler. intensity output at end lead-out single varies decreasing manner with increasing refractive Photonic sensors length 5.5 cm exhibit index...

Properties of neutron stars (NS) have been studied as diquark matter with correlation. The high density star favours the formation and to describe quark matter. Recently it is observed that Neutron under ultra strong magnetic field called magnetors. We suggested u, d quarks get correlated form this behave like quasi particles. In current work diquarks are described composite fermions which quasiparticle in an analogy electrons behaving quasiparticles field. Equation states,...

Abstract Properties of strange quark matter (SQM) have been studied as diquark with correlation. The dense SQM is under strong magnetic field due to electroweak interaction quarks. Here it suggested that u, d, s quarks get correlated form different flavors. diquarks are behave like quasiparticles the influence inside matter. In current work described composite fermions which quasiparticle magneticfield in an analogy electrons behaving field. thermodynamic potential for has estimated and...

The origin of fractional charge a quark is investigated considering the fractal structure hadron. Hadron suggested to be object with dimension 9/2. Describing as quasiparticle in an analogy quasi particle Fractional Quantum Hall Effect, filling factors are extracted which show large plateau. It that quarks behave like particles and charges can attributed behavior