Chirality plays an essential role in life, providing unique functionalities to a wide range of biomolecules, chemicals, and drugs, which makes chiral sensing analysis critically important. The wider application continues be constrained by the involved signals being inherently weak. To remedy this, plasmonic dielectric nanostructures have recently been shown offer viable route for enhancing weak circular dichroism (CD) effects, but most relevant studies thus far ad hoc, not guided rigorous...

Detection and differentiation of enantiomers in small quantities are crucially important many scientific fields, including biology, chemistry, pharmacy. Chiral molecules manifest their handedness interaction with the chiral state light (e.g., circularly polarized light), which is commonly leveraged circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. However, compared to linear refractive index molecular chirality extremely weak, resulting low detection efficiencies. Recently, it has been shown that these...

Abstract Automatic extraction of geospatial features has been the subject extensive research in past three decades. Here, an approach based on fuzzy logic and mathematical morphology is proposed, to extract main road centrelines from pan‐sharpened IKONOS images. In images, a standard deviation 10 grey levels measured for classes. proposed system, just one arbitrary pixel (up maximum 3 pixels) provides adequate initial value. Road identification requires neither numbers classes nor...

Extended Kalman filter (EKF) has previously been employed to extract road maps in satellite images. This traces a single until stopping criterion is satisfied. In our new approach, we have combined EKF with special particle (PF) order regain the trace of beyond obstacles, as well find and follow different branches after reaching junction. this first, met. Then, instead terminating process, results are passed PF algorithm which tries continuation possible obstacle or identify all that might...

An efficient analytical and accurate model to predict the shielding effectiveness of a rectangular enclosure with numerous small apertures is presented. In this paper, an appropriate equivalent admittance for perforated side suggested amid free space enclosure, utilizing traditional waveguide circuit where represented by short-circuited waveguide. The simulation results are in better agreement measurements than that original model. This method applicable array square circular holes staggered...

An ultra-wideband (6-18 GHz) phased-array antenna with a beam scanning angle of ±28° is proposed. A step-by-step design procedure consisting beamforming network (BFN), end-launcher feed adapter, and the radiating element presented. Microstrip Rotman lens has been designed to act as BFN, optimized achieve minimum phase-error over whole frequency range. In order satisfy condition needed for avoiding grating lobes, well achieving wide radiation bandwidth high power handling capability, an...

The recently developed dumb-bell shaped defected ground structure (DGS) is successfully used to mutual coupling reduction of a two-element microstrip antenna array. Comparison the proposed DGS with other techniques shows unique capability reduce coupling. Influence designed on radiation pattern array also investigated

In this letter, a compact single-layer, single-feed, dual-frequency microstrip antenna with high frequency ratio is proposed. This has broadside and symmetrical radiation patterns suitable for space-borne applications. The prototype was fabricated on Rogers RT/duroid 5880 substrate relative permittivity of 2.2 thickness 1.58 mm. dual-band behavior achieved by shorting pin at 1.7-1.706 8.011-8.277 GHz the 4.75. addition, miniaturized 46% compared to conventional rectangular patch.

An equivalent-medium model is developed to relate the propagation constant y, associated with of mean field through a vegetation canopy, geometrical and dielectric parameters canopy constituents. The intended for media containing vertical cylinders, representing stalks, randomly oriented discs, leaves. formulation accounts both absorption scattering by but uses quasi-static approximation respect was found be in good agreement experimental results at 1.62 4.75 GHz, underestimates extinction...

An efficient and accurate technique based on a modal method of moments (MoM) is introduced to evaluate shielding effectiveness (SE) rectangular enclosure with apertures at opposing walls. The perforated walls are obliquely illuminated by arbitrary polarized incident plane waves. This takes the effect wall thickness into account as well. validated comparing results measurements fully numerical methods for an various wave. It shown that affects SE different

Abstract This article deals with the problem of economic dispatch smart home integrated energy system, including combined heat and power battery that is connected to utility. The effects electricity tariff are also considered in system operation costs. Test results indicate optimal scheduling proper routing different time intervals would decrease operating strategy for generation units storage devices listed tables, which can be used as lookup tables. Keywords: schedulingresidential...

The Kobayashi potential (KP) method is a fast and powerful semianalytical technique which can be used to find the scattered field of canonical objects. In this paper, KP study electromagnetic scattering from 2-D loaded groove in ground plane coated by dielectric layer for transverse-electric transverse-magnetic polarizations. Initially, problem solved fields layer. Then, contribution expressed terms Bessel eigenfunctions air, layer, groove. After applying using Weber-Schafheitlin...

Fractal antennas have been demonstrated to enhance antenna properties due their self-similarity behavior. We introduce a new self-similar fractal based on nearly square shape with circular polarization. This which is called the crown displays lower first mode frequency than normal microstrip patch results in reduced size. shows four adjacent resonances that produce pair of circularly polarized bands large VSWR bandwidth at high modes. Radiation patterns these two are similar.

An iterative subsurface inverse scattering algorithm has been proposed to profile high-contrast 2-D dielectric objects buried under a lossy ground. The modified diffraction tomography (IMDT) method is based on the combination of traditional Born and DT technique which well known for its simplicity robustness. In effect, IMDT an that utilizes spectral domain concept solving inversion problem. approach results in removing approximation's limitation dealing with scatterers. To this end, total...

The first-order perturbative solution of scattering from layered rough surfaces is investigated numerically and analytically. analytical obtained using a small perturbation approach based on the extended boundary conditions (EBCs). Recently, two-rough-surface structure with inhomogeneous dielectric profiles was derived an EBC-based method. In this paper, those solutions utilizing Bragg nature solutions, problem multi-rough-surface solved straightforwardly. elements matrix are simplified...

In this paper, an accurate modeling procedure for GaAs MESFET as active coupled transmission line is presented.This model can consider the effect of wave propagation along device electrodes.In technique multiconductor (AMTL) equations are obtained, which satisfy TEM electrodes.This applied to a MESFETs by solving AMTL using Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) technique.The scattering parameters computed from time domain results over frequency range 20-220 GHz.This investigates transistor...

An analytical technique of kobayashi potential (KP) method is applied to study the TM plane wave scattering by a coated 2D partially filled rectangular crack in ground plane. Initially, expanding summation waveguide modal eigenfunctions, electric field inside coating layer found. Then, contribution taken into account addition Bessel eigenfunctions both and semi-infinite half space. By applying KP utilizing Weber–Schafheitlin discontinuous integrals, governing equations an infinite summations...

An accurate and efficient modelling approach for field effect transistors (FET) as nonlinear active transmission lines is presented. The multiconductor line (NAMTL) equations are obtained by considering the transistor three coupled operating in a regime. This procedure accurately spots of wave propagation along device electrodes. applied to an FET solving NAMTL using finite-difference time-domain technique. results this model compared with semi-distributed (slice) model. method produces more...

Remotely sensed data inherently contain noise. The development of inverse modelling methods with a low sensitivity to noise is in demand for the estimation geophysical variables from remotely data. Active Learning Method (ALM) well known have For first time, ALM was utilized inversion radiative transfer calculations aim estimating chlorophyll (Chl a), coloured dissolved organic matter (CDOM), and suspended particulate (SPM) Caspian Sea using MERIS (MEdium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer)...

A two-dimensional transverse-electric Electromagnetic (EM) plane-wave scattering by a partially filled rectangular crack in ground plane that is coated dielectric layer presented here Kobayashi Potential (KP) method. First, the EM field inside coating expanded summation of waveguide modal eigenfunctions. Consequently, contribution terms Bessel eigenfunctions added as perturbation to and semi-infinite half-space fields. Then, using Weber–Schafheitlin discontinuous integrals applying KP...

In this paper, an extremely fast technique is introduced to evaluate the shielding effectiveness of a rectangular enclosure finite wall thickness and numerous square or circular small apertures subject normally incident plane wave. The based on traditional waveguide circuit model where replaced with equivalent shorted transmission line. proposed model, perforated thick represented by impedance which derived from reflection coefficient. computation results are in very good agreement...

An efficient and accurate technique based on modal method of moments (MoM) is introduced, which takes into account the perforated wall thickness in calculation shielding effectiveness (SE) a rectangular enclosure. To achieve this, expansion magnetic currents at both sides aperture considered volume inside enclosure walls represented by proper Green's function that incorporated original MoM. The SE an with single multiple apertures various thicknesses examined. A very good agreement among...

In the conventional modal method of moments (MoM) method, when shielding effectiveness (SE) a rectangular enclosure is goal, it assumed that incident wave reflected from an infinite wall. This assumption makes results inaccurate specifically at low frequencies where wall size not large compared to illumination wavelength. this study, mentioned corrected by considering reflection box without any aperture. To obtain box, induced electric current on metallic surface assumed. Using Rao Wilton...