Grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) are economically the most important fruit crop worldwide. However, complexity of molecular and biochemical events that lead to onset ripening nonclimacteric fruits is not fully understood which further complicated in grapes due seasonal cultivar specific variation. The Portuguese wine variety Trincadeira gives rise high quality wines but presents extremely irregular berry among seasons probably susceptibility abiotic biotic stresses. Ripening was studied taking...

Plant resistance to biotrophic pathogens is classically believed be mediated through salicylic acid (SA) signaling leading hypersensitive response followed by the establishment of Systemic Acquired Resistance. Jasmonic (JA) has extensively been associated defense against necrotrophic and insects inducing accumulation secondary metabolites PR proteins. Moreover, it that plants infected with fungi suppress JA-mediated responses. However, recent evidences have shown certain fungal species also...

FAP (familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy) is a systemic amyloid disease characterized by the formation of extracellular deposits transthyretin. More than 80 single point mutations are associated with amyloidogenic behaviour and onset this fatal disease. It believed that mutant forms transthyretin lead to decreased stability tetramer, which dissociates into monomers prone unfolding aggregation, later forming β-fibrils in deposits. This theory does not explain nor why they toxic nearby cells....

Grapevine downy mildew, caused by the biotrophic oomycete Plasmopara viticola, is one of most important diseases in modern viticulture. The search for sustainable disease control measure extreme importance, thus becoming imperative to fully characterize mechanisms leading an incompatible interaction. We have previously shown that lipid signalling events play role grapevine's response this pathogen, namely through changes linolenic acid content, peroxidation and jasmonic synthesis. Here, we...

Abstract Vitis vinifera , one of the most cultivated fruit crops, is susceptible to several diseases particularly caused by fungus and oomycete pathogens. In contrast, other species (American, Asian) display different degrees tolerance/resistance these pathogens, being widely used in breeding programs introgress resistance traits elite V. cultivars. Secondary metabolites are important players plant defence responses. Therefore, characterization metabolic profiles associated with disease...

Acheta domesticus (house cricket) has been recently introduced into the official European list of novel foods, representing an alternative and sustainable food source. Up to now, chemical characterization this edible insect focused only on specific classes compounds. Here, three production batches A. powder were investigated by means a multimethodological approach based NMR, FT-ICR MS, GC-MS methodologies. The applied analytical protocol, proposed for first time in study insect, allowed us...

Protein glycation by methylglyoxal is a nonenzymatic post-translational modification whereby arginine and lysine side chains form chemically heterogeneous group of advanced end-products. Methylglyoxal-derived end-products are involved in pathologies such as diabetes neurodegenerative diseases the amyloid type. As produced nonenzymatically from dihydroxyacetone phosphate d-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate during glycolysis, its formation occurs all living cells. Understanding model systems will...

Agricultural by-products are often hidden sources of healthy plant ingredients. The investigation the nutritional values these is essential towards sustainable agriculture and improved food systems. In vine industry, grape leaves a bulky side product which strategically removed treated as waste in process wine production. this work we performed an untargeted metabolomic profiling methanol extract Vitis vinifera cultivar 'Pinot noir', analysed their fatty acid content, estimated antioxidative...

Abstract Organoarsenic species in marine matrices have been studied for many years but knowledge gaps still exist. Most literature focuses on monitoring of arsenic (As) using previously published methods based anion- and cation-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS). These studies are often limited to few As and/or only specific method performance characteristics described. certified reference materials (CRMs) arsenobetaine...

Identifying metabolism and detoxification mechanisms of Hg in biota has important implications for biomonitoring, ecotoxicology, food safety. Compared to marine mammals waterbirds, MeHg fish is understudied. Here, we investigated Atlantic bluefin tuna Thunnus thynnus using organ-specific Se speciation data, stable isotope signatures, particle measurements multiple tissues. Our results provide evidence vivo demethylation biomineralization HgSe particles, particularly spleen kidney. We...

Abstract Wine is one of the most consumed beverages around world. Its unique characteristics arise from numerous processes, selection grapevine varieties and grapes, effect terroir geographical origin, through biochemical process fermentation by microorganisms, until its aging. All molecules found in wine define chemical fingerprint can be used to tell story production, authenticity quality. Wine's composition characterized using an untargeted metabolomics approach based on extreme...

In the domain of food, fungi exhibit a dual role: while some enhance flavour and texture others cause spoilage contamination, posing risks to human health through mycotoxins. Fungi leave their unique chemical signature on foods they colonize synthesis primary secondary metabolites. Metabolomics, focusing study small molecules present in biological systems, provides insights into fungal metabolic processes impact food quality safety. This review explores recent advancements metabolomics for...

Rats fed a high-fructose diet represent an animal model for insulin resistance and hypertension. We recently showed that containing vegetable oil but normal sodium/potassium ratio induced mild with decreased receptor substrate-1 tyrosine phosphorylation in the liver muscle of rats. In present study, we examined mean blood pressure, serum lipid levels sensitivity by estimating vivo activity using 15-min intravenous tolerance test (ITT, 0.5 ml 6 µg insulin, iv) followed calculation rate...

Protein glycation is involved in structure and stability changes that impair protein functionality, which associated with several human diseases, such as diabetes amyloidotic neuropathies (Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease Andrade's syndrome). To understand the relationship of dysfunction, unfolding beta-fibre formation, numerous studies have been carried out vitro. All these previous experiments were conducted non-physiological or pseudo-physiological conditions bear little to no...

In metabolomics there is an ever-growing need for faster and more comprehensive analysis methods to cope with the increase of biological studies. Direct infusion Fourier-transform ion cyclotron-resonance mass spectrometry (DI-FTICR-MS) used in non-targeted obtain high-resolution snapshots metabolic state a system. any profiling study, establishment effective metabolite extraction protocol paramount. We developed improved method, compatible DI-FTICR-MS-based metabolomics, using grapevine...

Subtilisin-like proteases, also known as subtilases, are a very diverse family of serine peptidases present in many organisms. In grapevine, there hints the involvement subtilases defence mechanisms, but their role is not yet understood. The first characterization subtilase gene was performed 2014. However, simultaneously, grapevine genome re-annotated and several sequences were or retrieved. We have re-characterization this identified 82 genes coding for 97 putative proteins, result...