Supervised intrusion detection system is a that has the capability of learning from examples about previous attacks to detect new attacks. Using artificial neural network (ANN)-based promising for reducing number false negative or positives, because ANN actual examples. In this paper, developed model fast (FLN) based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) been proposed and named as PSO-FLN. The applied problem validated famous dataset KDD99. Our compared against wide range meta-heuristic...

This paper proposes a fast method for car-license-plate detection (CLPD) and presents three main contributions.The first contribution is that we propose vertical edge algorithm (VEDA) based on the contrast between grayscale values, which enhances speed of CLPD method.After binarizing input image using adaptive thresholding (AT), an unwanted-line elimination (ULEA) proposed to enhance image, then, VEDA applied.The second our processes very-low-resolution images taken by web camera.After edges...

This paper presents the design and development of a planar Aligned-Gap Centered-Gap Rectangular Multiple Split Ring Resonator (SRR) for microwave sensors that operates at resonance frequency around 5 GHz. The sensor consists microstrip transmission line loaded with two elements rectangular SRR on both sides. proposed metamaterial were designed fabricated Rogers RT5880 substrate having dielectric constant 2.2 thickness 0.787 mm. final dimension was measured 35 × 14 mm2. Measured results show...

As a possible implementation of low-power wide-area network (LPWAN), Long Range (LoRa) technology is considered to be the future wireless communication standard for Internet Things (IoT) as it offers competitive features, such long range, low cost, and reduced power consumption, which make an optimum alternative current sensor networks conventional cellular technologies. However, limited bandwidth available physical layer modulation in LoRa makes unsuitable high bit rate data transfer from...

The latest progress in the emerging wireless technology has resulted development of wearable antennas made various fabrics. This unique antenna is an integral part body area network (WBAN). A wide range applications are by fields Internet Things, sport, defense, public safety, telemedicine, navigation, and tracking. focus point current review recent electro-textiles research with special attention on materials properties, criteria, manufacturing techniques. Existing as well upcoming...

ABSTRACT Over recent years, enormous amounts of research in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been conducted; this is because its multifarious applications such as environmental monitoring, object tracking, disaster management, manufacturing, monitoring and control. Nevertheless, optimising the energy consumption nodes (SNs) WSNs realising anticipated quality solutions supplied from them present considerable challenges. In WSNs, sudden ‘death’ critical can cause an entire network to...

Passive radars utilising illuminators of opportunity are being actively studied in the field radar. In last few years, many illuminator sources have been employed for passive radar applications. However, there no published results on use long‐term evolution (LTE) signal as a novel source For first time an experimental investigation into feasibility LTE‐based detecting moving target is presented. A theoretical analysis was conducted captured LTE atmosphere. This then followed by experiment....

A low profile, unidirectional, dual layer, and narrow bandwidth microstrip patch antenna is designed to resonate at 2.45 GHz. The proposed suitable for specific applications, such as security military systems, which require a small size. This work mainly focused on increasing the gain well reducing size of unidirectional antenna. simulated measured. According measured results, it shown that has higher front back ratio (F/B) than bidirectional one. achieved by using second flame retardant...

<span lang="EN-US">The need for wireless communication technology is increasing rapidly. Many people are already using internet data services offered by providers or fidelity (Wi-Fi) services. One of the things that must be considered in Wi-Fi it requires antenna characteristics have a relatively small shape and light mass. This paper aimed to improve gain analyze performance octagon microstrip Yagi (OMYA) with single superstrate layer. The was designed, simulated, measured....

We present here a new pattern with compact size of Ultra Wideband (UWB) microwave filter.The filter is based on quarter-wave length short-circuited stubs model.We introduced schematic model by extracting all parasitic elements such as Tjunction and discontinuity in our UWB filter.This has minimal number vias improved frequency bandwidth, insertion loss return loss.It fabricated RT Duroid 5880 0.508 mm substrate thickness.The final dimension measured 21 × 14 mm.It not only compact, but also...

A narrowband trisection substrate-integrated waveguide elliptic filter with coplanar (CPW) input and output ports is proposed demonstrated for X-band applications.The formed by incorporating metallized vias in a substrate (RT/Duroid) to create cross-coupled resonators.The result an attenuation pole of finite frequency on the high side passband, therefore exhibiting asymmetric response.The fabricated centre 10.05 GHz exhibits insertion loss 3.16 dB 3% bandwidth return -20 dB.The rejection...

Planning of energy-efficient protocols is critical for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) because the constraints on sensor nodes' energy. The routing protocol should be able to provide uniform power dissipation during transmission sink node. In this paper, we present a self-optimization scheme WSNs which utilize and optimize resources, especially batteries, achieve balanced energy consumption across all nodes. This method based Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) metaheuristic adopted enhance paths...

The small physical size and multiband capability are significant in the design of ultrawideband (UWB) antennas. Fractal geometry provides a good method for achieving desired miniaturization performances. Furthermore, using dielectric resonator improves bandwidth radiation characteristics. A combination these methods UWB antenna is presented. proposed new hybrid (DRA) excited by fractal monopole antenna. simulation optimization have been carried out Ansoft HFSS. measurement results show that...

This study examines the feasibility of recently deployed wireless communication system, namely, long‐term evolution (LTE), for passive radar applications. Specifically, capability system to detect and track a ground moving target is analysed. A theoretical analysis conducted on actual LTE signal transmitted in atmosphere, followed by field experimentation using vehicle with different bistatic geometries. The experiment an LTE‐based then it standard Kalman filter. Results show that can at...

Fixed Satellite Services (FSS) used to be alone at the C-Band spectrum in most countries. Since deployment of 5G many countries (i.e., 3.3–3.6 GHz), FSS is not exclusive system anymore. In order minimize detrimental interference for allowable levels, regional exclusion zones maximum radiated power base stations (BS) are proposed and evaluated. this paper, a measurement campaign has been carried out, an analysis studied. A filtering model, namely Filter Remove Broadband Interference...

This work was carried out at Sers El-Lyain Agriculture Research Station Farm, El-Minufiya Governorate during 2007/08 and 2008/09 growing seasons to evaluate the amount of losses in seed yield five faba bean cultivars Giza 3 Mohassen, 716, 40, Sakha 1 2 under. In vitro studies show that Dithan M45 most effective agent against Botrytis fabae than Galben manozeb copper oxychloride. Application under greenhouse conditions, days before inoculation reduced disease severity (3.11%) 200 ppm compared...

Detecting an on-the-ground object is a subject of interest for use in some applications.Foreign Object Detection (FOD), which important issue aviation safety, possible application.In this way, radar imaging, has several inherent advantages over other detection techniques.This paper will introduce ground-based Circular Synthetic Aperture Radar, detects and localizes various objects, based on their reflection properties microwaves.Here, wideband Linear Frequency Modulated (LFM) chirp pulses...

A flexible and totally wearable textile antenna is proposed by embroidering the conductive threads into garments. purely polyester substrate has been utilized, which provides a tag that can be easily integrated with clothes. The small dimensions of 72 × 20 2.75 mm3 offers an enhanced performance in terms gain stability when worn on different body locations. Experimental results demonstrate improved impedance matching owing to elasticity E-shaped inductive feeder. Close agreement achieved...

In cellular wireless communication systems, channel estimation (CE) plays a pivotal role as crucial technique applied in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation. CE utilizes variety of methods, including decision-directed estimation, pilot-assisted (PACE), and blind estimation. Among these options, PACE is widely favored for its remarkable stability consistent superior performance. The idea massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) shows tremendous potential the...

This paper presents a new design of miniaturized wideband bandpass filter using microstrip hairpin in multilayer configuration for X-band application.The strong coupling required is realized by arranging five resonators two layers on different dielectric substrates.Since adjacent resonator lines are placed at levels, there possible ways to change strength varying the overlapping gap between resonators; vertically and horizontally.In this paper, simulated measured result 4.4 GHz bandwidth...

Edge detection is a very important process for many image processing applications, especially in Car License Plate Detection and Recognition Systems(CLPDRS). The need to distinguish the desired details pre-process order give good results short time processing. We proposed new fast vertical edge algorithm (VEDA) which based on contrast between gray scale values. Once, input was binarized by using adaptive threshold, unwanted lines elimination (ULEA) applied. After that, VEDA applied...