It is significant to develop new methods for temperature and salinity measurement in seawater since they are two important parameters physical oceanography application. In this paper, a approach simultaneous of based on microfiber Mach-Zehnder (MZ) interferometer with knot resonator proposed. The typical transmission spectra show the combined effect MZ interference resonance. When change, both dip resonance shift linearly. Based linear relation, matrix established, sample can be obtained...

Ocean internal-wave phenomena occur with the variation in seawater vertical temperature, and most detections are dependent on measurement of temperature. A temperature sensor based a microfiber knot resonator (MKR) is designed theoretically demonstrated experimentally this paper. Especially, dependences sensing sensitivity fiber diameter probing wavelength studied. Calculated results show that increases increasing range 2.30-3.91 μm wavelength, which reach good agreement obtained by...

The salinity and temperature of seawater are important parameters in oceanography. Based on the directional coupler assembled by polyimide-coated micro/nanofibers, optical sensors with high sensitivity for simultaneous sensing proposed. Dependences sensitivities wavelength, salinity, investigated theoretically, which performances such sensor under general sea conditions can be evaluated. Results show that reach levels nm/‰ nm/°C, much higher than those fiber Bragg gratings, knot resonators,...

A simple, high-sensitivity, and low-cost optical sensor for the measurement of temperature salinity in seawater is demonstrated based on a microfiber directional coupler. The shifts sensing dips are highly sensitive to change with highest sensitivities at 930 pm/% -160 pm/°C coupler assembled by 3.79and 2.20-μm-diameter fibers. sensitivity can be further improved -1130 smaller fibers diameters 3.50 1.35 μm. To keep stable structure liquid, methodology coating using ethyl cellulose ethoce...

Abstract Proteins can adsorb on the surface of artificial joints immediately after being implanted. Although research studying protein adsorption medical material surfaces has been carried out, mechanism proteins’ which affects corrosion behaviour such materials still lacks in situ observation at micro level. The bovine serum albumin (BSA) CoCrMo alloy was studied by AFM and SKPFM as a function pH charge surfaces. Results showed that when specimens were uncharged, hydrophobic interaction...

A new method for seawater temperature sensing based on a high-birefringence elliptic fiber (HBEF) Sagnac loop is proposed in this letter due to the linear relationship between change of and shift interference peak. The transmission spectra HBEF at different temperatures are studied theoretically experimentally, which show good agreement with each other. results that sensitivity increases increasing length decreasing wavelength, just opposite dependence free spectrum range probing wavelength....

An abnormal phenomenal of rail corrugation was found in the transition and circular curve interval mountain city metro, which on outer is more serious earlier than that inner rail, wavelengths are also different. In present article, frictional self-excited oscillation wheel–rail system feedback vibration considered comprehensively to study mechanism corrugation. According dynamic analysis vehicle track high-incidence section corrugation, finite element models wheelset–track systems smooth...

Vibration of the contact strip is an important phenomenon in process electrical sliding a pantograph–catenary system. The correlation between wear and vibration rubbing against wire was studied. A series experimental tests conducted on high-speed block-on-ring tester under electric current 200 A, speed 160 km/h, normal loads 40–120 N. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) optical were used to observe morphology worn surfaces. Experimental results indicate that friction coefficient decreases but...

Development of luminescence probes with polarized and narrow emissions simultaneously is helpful for removing multiply scattered light enables multiplexing detection, but it remains challenging to use conventional organic dyes, fluorescence proteins, quantum dots. Here, we demonstrated smart one-dimensional microlaser (MLPs) by coating a thin layer silica shell on the surface nanowires (ONWs) 1,4-dimethoxy-2,5-di[4'-(methylthio)styryl]benzene (TDSB), namely, ONW@SiO2 core-shell structures....

Two-parameter demodulation based on variable sensitivity matrix (VSM) for temperature and salinity (TS) measurement in seawater is proposed the developed refractive index (RI) expression of infrared band 1200–1650 nm. The RI <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${n}\,{(}{S},{T}, \lambda $ </tex-math></inline-formula> ) obtained from a great deal data measured by microfiber Mach–Zehnder...

A series of tests were conducted to study the effect strip inclination angle on friction and wear behavior a contact rubbing against wire with electric current using ring-block-type test machine. The arc voltage measured throughout evaluate scaled accumulated energy. variations rate carbon energy obtained. Experimental results show that has an current, appropriate can decrease strip.

A micro-size optical sensor for simultaneous detection of dual-point seawater temperature based on microfiber double knot resonators (MDKRs) is demonstrated in this paper. To obtain the optimal parameters, sensing mechanism and spectral characteristics MDKRs are investigated theoretically experimentally. Results show that with short period spectra more suitable temperature, due it has a long wavelength range easy to distinguish resonant wavelengths two (MKRs). The sensitivities cascaded MKRs...

The microfiber knot-type ring resonator is widely used in sensing, and the resonant mode an essential concern. In this paper, characteristics of are studied theoretically. Results show that split occurs when deviation angle large enough under condition input linearly or elliptically polarized light. Moreover, case partially light, peak positions modes identical with those inputting light same angle. characteristic further by salinity sensing simulation experiment. have free spectral range,...

The present study simulated the actual contact conditions between catenary and pantograph of a metro line using high-speed ring block current that carried friction wear testers, from which uneven carbon strip under different working was studied. results show arc power, coefficient, amount will change correspondingly with increasing normal load. Additionally, all strips showed non-uniform after test, edge erosion depth perpendicular to moving direction were higher than those in middle part....