The foot-ground impact experienced during running produces a shock wave that is transmitted through the human skeletal system. This attenuated by deformation of ground/shoe as well biological tissues in body. goal this study was to investigate locus energy absorption phase cycle.Running speed (3.83 m x s[-1]) kept constant across five stride length conditions: preferred (PSL), +10% PSL, -10% +20% and -20% PSL. Transfer functions were generated from accelerometers attached leg head ten male...

DERRICK, T. R., D. DEREU, and S. P. MCLEAN. Impacts kinematic adjustments during an exhaustive run. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 34, No. 6, pp. 998–1002, 2002. Purpose To examine the that runners make run to look at effects these have on shock attenuation. Methods Ten recreational ran volitional exhaustion a treadmill velocity equal their average 3200-m running maximal effort (average time: 15.7 ± 1.7 min). Head leg accelerometers, knee electrogoniometer, rearfoot electrogoniometer were...

Human locomotion has been modeled as a force-driven harmonic oscillator (FDHO). The minimum forcing function in shown to occur at the resonant frequency of FDHO and results suggestion that oxygen cost may be considered an optimality criterion for locomotion. purposes this study were twofold: first, determine relationship between stride shock attenuation, second, whether attenuation also criterion. Ten healthy young adult males served subjects study. Each subject's preferred running speed...

The fatigue life of bone is inversely related to strain magnitude. Decreasing stride length a potential mechanism reduction during running. If decreased, the number loading cycles will increase for given mileage. It unclear if increased are detrimental skeletal health despite reductions in strain.To determine effects and running mileage on probability tibial stress fracture.Ten male subjects ran overground at their preferred velocity two conditions: 10% length. Force platform kinematic data...

The purpose of this study was to examine the knee and ankle joint stiffness negative work during running when participants utilised their preferred non-preferred footfall pattern. A total 40 healthy, young runners (20 habitual forefoot (FF) 20 rearfoot (RF) runners) served as in study. Three-dimensional data were obtained using a motion capture system force platform. completed over-ground trials each two conditions: 1. natural pattern; 2. Joint calculated by ratio change moment angle energy...

The forefoot running footfall pattern has been suggested to reduce the risk of developing related overuse injuries due a reduction impact variables compared with rearfoot pattern. However, only time-domain have between patterns. frequency content shock and degree which it is attenuated may be greater importance for injury prevention than variables. Therefore, purpose this study was determine differences in head tibial acceleration signal power attenuation running. Nineteen habitual runners...

Abstract Objective —To determine hip, stifle, and tarsal joint ranges of motion (ROM) angular velocities during swimming walking in healthy dogs with surgically corrected cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) rupture. Design —Prospective clinical study. Animals —13 7 CCL Procedure —Dogs rupture were enrolled a postoperative aquatic rehabilitation program evaluated 21 to 35 days after surgery. Dogs filmed while pool at fast (1.3 m/s) or slow (0.9 pace on treadmill. Maximal angles extension flexion,...

Previous research has proposed that a lack of variability in lower extremity coupling during running is associated with pathology. The purpose the study was to evaluate runners and without history iliotibial band syndrome (ITBS) an exhaustive run. Sixteen ran voluntary exhaustion on motorized treadmill while motion capture system recorded reflective marker locations. Eight had ITBS. At start end run, continuous relative phase (CRP) angles CRP between strides were calculated for key kinematic...

Shear loading rates (LR) have not been investigated in runners with a mid- or forefoot strike (FFS) versus rearfoot (RFS). The purpose of this study was to compare three-dimensional ground reaction forces (GRF) and LR during impact habitual strikers (hRF) (hFF) strikers.Thirty competitive performed 10 overground running trials both foot styles. Peak resultant GRF instantaneous were compared.Vertical significantly decreased for hRF using an FFS (RFS = 148 ± 36 body weight [BW]·s(-1), 98 31...

Shock attenuation during running is the process of absorbing impact energy due to foot-ground collision, reducing shock wave amplitude between foot and head. affected by changes in stride length frequency, but it not clear whether either parameter individually affects attenuation.To identify independent (SL) frequency (SF) on attenuation.Subjects ( N = 10) completed three experiments consisting SL SF manipulations relative preferred (PSL) (PSF). During experiment 1, was manipulated (+15%...

Summary Peak vertical impulse (PVF) and vetical (VI) data were collected from the left forelimbs ipsilateral hind limbs of eight healthy adult Greyhound dogs ranging in mass 27.30 to 36.36 kg. Walking velocity acceleration restricted ranges 0.9 1.1 m/s −9.1 0.1 m/s2, resepctively. Data first 20 valid trials analyzed for each dog on both systems. Forces normalized expressed as a percent dog’s body weight. Velocity values not statistically different either set trials. Evaluation intra-dog...

The Pearson product-moment correlation has been used by researchers to compare time series data sets assess the temporal similarities. Computer generated data, vertical ground reaction force (VGRF) and hybrid (constructed combining features of computer VGRF data) were investigate influence timing amplitude differences on effectiveness this technique. Under a specific set conditions coefficient is valid reliable indicator similarity. Deviations from these conditions, however, result in...

Shock waves resulting from the foot-ground impact are attenuated by biological tissues within body. It has been suggested that primary site for shock attenuation is knee joint. The purpose of this study was to determine if flexion affects filtering characteristics musculoskeletal system in response impacts. Impacts were delivered 10 participants during inline skating on a treadmill at 2.0 m/s. Four angle conditions (0, 10, 20, and 30 degrees) investigated using real-time visual feedback...