A5072269172- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Plant and animal studies
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Organic Food and Agriculture
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Avian ecology and behavior
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Insect Utilization and Effects
- Rangeland Management and Livestock Ecology
- Biological Control of Invasive Species
- Economic and Environmental Valuation
- Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology
- Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management
- Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Human-Animal Interaction Studies
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Animal and Plant Science Education
- Environmental Philosophy and Ethics
- Insect Pest Control Strategies
- Environmental Conservation and Management
- Transboundary Water Resource Management
- Allelopathy and phytotoxic interactions
University of Oxford
2007-2020
CAB International
2001
Royal Agricultural University
1997
Summary The effects of agricultural intensification on biodiversity in arable systems western Europe have received a great deal attention. However, the recent transformation grassland has been just as profound. In Britain, management changed substantially second half 20th century. A high proportion lowland is managed intensively. major changes include doubling use inorganic nitrogen, switch from hay to silage, and increased stocking densities, particularly sheep. Structurally diverse...
Habitat and biodiversity differences between matched pairs of organic non-organic farms containing cereal crops in lowland England were assessed by a large-scale study plants, invertebrates, birds bats. extent, composition management on was likely to favour higher levels indeed tended support numbers species overall abundance across most taxa. However, the magnitude response varied; plants showed larger more consistent responses than other Variation taxa may be partly consequence small size...
1. The abundance and species richness of butterflies on expanded-width uncropped arable field edges, which were subject to 10 contrasting, experimental management regimes, measured using transects in 1989, 1990 1991. effects the regimes a number botanical variables, likely be importance butterflies, measured. 2. On butterfly fluctuated between years peaked at different times each year. 3. Butterfly differed treatments. Plots either cut spring autumn, or not all, attracted more individuals...
Summary Improving the effectiveness of agri‐environment schemes is essential for reversing declines in farmland biodiversity. Crucial to achieving this identifying management options that are practical and beneficial biodiversity, understanding influence surrounding landscape. We used data on abundance species richness macro‐moths, many which declining, trait‐based analyses their feeding guild, mobility conservation status, explore local‐ landscape‐scale effects two features (extended‐width...
Abstract Wood mice Apodemus sylvaticus are potentially useful indicators of change in arable ecosystems. Here we focus on changes resulting from removal land production under the set‐aside scheme. were radio‐tracked to compare: (a) their use set‐aside, crop and hedgerow before after harvest; (b) configured as margins a 3 ha block; (c) cut uncut 20‐m wide margins. Males had larger home ranges, more mobile than females. Ranges larger, animals mobile, harvest afterwards. There no differences...
ABSTRACT The impacts of agricultural intensification on farmland wildlife have been the subject increasing concern, particularly over last two decades. Population declines occurred for a number mammalian species, sometimes drastically so, and changes in farming practice are believed to be significant contributory factors. major policy instruments delivering environmental benefits agri‐environment schemes. These encourage farmers adopt more environmentally sensitive practices promote...
Summary Farmland is readily divisible into linear habitats such as hedges, and non‐linear fields woodlots. In agricultural landscapes, conservationists have generally focused on enhancing habitats, but there are few data from which to judge whether or not this a good strategy for biodiversity. We investigated the character of habitat patches, mediated by edge effects, has an impact abundance, diversity richness small mammal communities that live within between them. particular, we...
Summary 1. The development of sustainable, multi‐functional agricultural systems involves reconciling the needs production with objectives for environmental protection, including biodiversity conservation. However, definition sustainability remains ambiguous and it has proven difficult to identify suitable indicators monitoring progress towards, successful achievement of, sustainability. 2. In this study, we show that a trait‐based approach can be used assess detrimental impacts change broad...
Abstract. 1. Agricultural intensification has contributed to severe declines in odonate (dragonfly and damselfly) populations. The objective of our study is benefit current measures for the conservation odonates by establishing conditions favourable Odonata focusing on ponds within agricultural land. 2. Our landscape‐scale used exuvial counts habitat measurements from 29 across a catchment England, over 3 years, determine key factors affecting abundance species richness. 3. Ponds dominated...
The generally higher biodiversity on organic farms may be influenced by management features such as no synthetic pesticide and fertilizer inputs and/or differences in uncropped habitat at the site landscape scale. We analysed bird data collected 48 paired conventional over two winters to determine extent which broad-scale between systems could explain overall farmland abundance. Density was significantly for six out of 16 species, none conventional. Total abundance all species combined both...
Abstract Habitat loss and reduction in quality, together with increasing homogeneity of the farmed landscape more intensive field management, are believed to be major drivers biodiversity on farmland. Organic farms demonstrate features that now rare elsewhere UK farming systems, such as crop rotations incorporating grass leys, exclusion synthetic pesticides fertilizers, reliance animal green manures. They may also contain greater densities uncropped habitats hedgerows. In this study, we...
Human activity affecting the welfare of wild vertebrates, widely accepted to be sentient, and therefore deserving moral concern, is widespread. A variety motives lead killing individual animals. These include provide food, protect stock other human interests, also for sport. The acceptability such believed vary with motive method. Individual vertebrates are killed by conservationists. Whether securing conservation goals an adequate reason has recently been challenged. Conventional practice...
Deer grazing is an important feature of many key butterfly habitats in Britain, yet few data are available on its impacts. Butterfly populations can be affected a number ways, through effects the local availability larval food‐plants or nectar sources, to larger‐scale changes habitat structure and management. Many woodland butterflies have historically relied clearings coppiced woodland, but current high numbers roe deer ( Capreolus capreolus ), lesser extent fallow Dama dama severely reduce...