Most of the previous research on data centers power consumption has focused understanding how to minimize inside center. It is, however, also important investigate associated with transporting between and end users. In this paper, we consider three problems. First, through linear programming (LP) models simulations determine optimal location a center or multiple in an IP over wavelength-division-multiplexing network so as network's consumption. Here, impact topology, traffic profile, upload...

Network virtualization is widely considered to be one of the main paradigms for future Internet architecture as it provides a number advantages including scalability, on demand allocation network resources, and promise efficient use resources. In this paper, we propose an energy virtual embedding (EEVNE) approach cloud computing networks, where power savings are introduced by consolidating resources in data centers. We model our IP over WDM using mixed integer linear programming (MILP). The...

Dense WDM technologies make effective use of the vast fiber bandwidth and offer an added dimension to all-optical networks. Wavelength conversion at key network nodes is emerging as a fundamental functionality that can allow transparent interoperability, contention resolution, wavelength routing, and, in general, better utilization resources under dynamic traffic patterns. We overview enabling extend treatment application these converters. Attention given semiconductor optical amplifiers...

With network expansion, the energy consumption and CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> emissions associated with networks are increasing rapidly. In this paper we propose an approach for minimization in IP over WDM furthermore use of renewable to further reduce at a given level. We develop Linear Programming (LP) model when is used novel heuristic improving utilization. Compared routing electronic layer, optical layer...

The energy consumption of information and communications technology networks is increasing rapidly as a result the Internet expansion in reach capacity. In this paper, we investigate energy-efficient physical topologies for backbone IP over wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) networks. We develop mixed integer linear programming model to optimize topology WDM with objective minimizing network total power consumption. consider National Science Foundation compare its optimized under...

In this paper, we introduce a framework for designing energy efficient cloud computing services over non-bypass IP/WDM core networks. We investigate network related factors including the centralization versus distribution of clouds and impact demand, content popularity access frequency on placement, capability number servers, switches routers amount storage required in each cloud. study optimization three services: delivery, as service (StaaS), virtual machines (VMS) placement processing...

In this paper, we discuss energy-efficiency improvements in core networks obtained as a result of work carried out by the GreenTouch consortium over five-year period. A number techniques that yield substantial energy savings were introduced, including (i) use improved network components with lower power consumption, (ii) putting idle into sleep mode, (iii) optically bypassing intermediate routers, (iv) mixed line rates, (v) placing resources for protection low state when idle, (vi)...

In this paper, network function virtualization (NFV) is identified as a promising key technology, which can contribute to energy-efficiency improvement in 5G networks. An optical supported architecture proposed and investigated paper provide the wired infrastructure needed networks support NFV toward an energy efficient network. mobile core functions, well baseband function, are virtualized provided VMs. The impact of total number active users network, backhaul/fronthaul configurations, VM...

Visible light communication (VLC) systems have typically operated at data rates below 10 Gb/s and operation this rate was shown to be feasible by using laser diodes (LDs), imaging receivers delay adaptation techniques (DAT LDs-VLC). However, higher rates, beyond Gb/s, are challenging due the low signal noise ratio (SNR) inter symbol interference (ISI). In paper, for first time, best of our knowledge, we propose, design, evaluate a VLC system that employs beam steering (of part beam) adaptive...

The popularity of the Internet and demand for 24/7 services uptime is driving system performance reliability requirements to levels that today's data centers can no longer support. This paper examines traditional monolithic conventional server (CS) design compares it a new paradigm: disaggregated (DS) center design. DS arranges resources in physical pools, such as processing, memory, IO module rather than packing each subset into single box. In this paper, we study energy efficient resource...

Currently, the world is witnessing a mounting avalanche of data due to increasing number mobile network subscribers, Internet websites, and online services. This trend continuing develop in quick diverse manner form big data. Big analytics can process large amounts raw extract useful, smaller-sized information, which be used by different parties make reliable decisions. In this paper, we conduct survey on role that play design communication networks. Integrating latest advances employ with...

In this paper, we study the impact of big data's volume and variety dimensions on energy efficient data networks (EEBDN) by developing a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model to encapsulate distinctive features these two dimensions. First, progressive edge, intermediate, central processing technique is proposed process raw traffic building nodes (PNs) in network along way from sources datacenters. Second, validate MILP operation heuristic that mimics, real time, behavior for...

In this paper, we extend our previous study on BitTorrent, the most popular peer-to-peer (P2P) protocol, to investigate different aspects related its energy efficiency in IP over WDM (IP/WDM) networks, validating power savings previously obtained by modeling and simulation through experimental results. Our contributions can be summarized as follows: First, compare consumption of proposed efficient BitTorrent protocol that original client-server (C-S) schemes bypass IP/WDM networks...

The main challenges facing high data rate visible light communication (VLC) are the low-modulation bandwidth of current transmitters (i.e., emitting diodes), intersymbol interference (ISI) caused by multipath propagation and cochannel (CCI) due to multiple transmitters. In this paper, for first time, best our knowledge, we propose, design, evaluate use laser diodes (LDs) as well illumination. addition, propose an imaging receiver a mobile VLC system mitigate ISI. A novel delay adaptation...

Optical wireless communication has attracted significant interest recently in industry and academia. This special issue features a collection of inter-related papers with the intention to cover all necessary multidisciplinary challenges realize optical networks. We hope that this will serve as comprehensive reference it be resource which fosters many more new ideas for rapidly emerging field. article is part theme 'Optical communication'.

The rapidly growing IPTV market has resulted in increased traffic volumes raising concerns over Internet energy consumption. In this paper, we explore the dynamics of TV viewing behavior and program popularity order to devise a strategy minimize usage. We evaluate impact our by calculating power consumption delivered an IP-over-WDM network, considering both standard definition high TV. Caches are used reduce storing most popular programs at nodes closer end user. then use knowledge behaviors...

Over the past decade, visible light communication (VLC) systems have typically operated between 50&#xA0;Mbps and 3.4&#xA0;Gbps. In this paper, we propose evaluate mobile VLC that operate at 10&#xA0;Gbps. The enhancements in channel bandwidth data rate are achieved by introduction of laser diodes (LDs), angle diversity receivers (ADR), imaging receivers, relay nodes, delay adaptation techniques. We three systems: an ADR assisted LD-VLC, LD-VLC (IMGR-LD), select-the-best LD-VLC. receiver...

The need for high-speed local area networks to meet the recent developments in multimedia and video transmission applications has recently focused interest on visible light communication (VLC) systems. Although VLC systems provide lighting communications simultaneously from emitting diodes (LEDs), LEDs, uplink channel design such a system is challenging task. In this study, authors propose solution which challenge indoor resolved by use of an infrared (IR) link. introduce novel fast adaptive...

In this work we investigate the use of network coding in 1+1 survivable IP-over-wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) networks by encoding protection paths multiple flows with each other at intermediate nodes. We study energy efficiency scheme through mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) and a heuristic five operating options. evaluate MILP heuristics on typical regular topologies. Our results show that implementing can produce savings up to 37% ring topology 23% considering also impact...

Big data analytics is one of the state-of-the-art tools to optimize networks and transform them from merely being a blind tube that conveys data, into cognitive, conscious, self-optimizing entity can intelligently adapt according needs its users. This, in fact, be regarded as highest forthcoming priorities future networks. In this paper, we propose system for Out-Patient (OP) centric Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A) network optimization. harvested OPs' medical records, along with current...

In this paper, we validate the energy efficiency improvements in core networks obtained through mixed integer linear programming (MILP) optimization models as part of GreenMeter study carried out by GreenTouch consortium developing closed form expressions and bounds for power consumption networks. We consider nonbypass, bypass, line rates, physical topology schemes. addition to validating model results setting on consumption, these can predict network performance at operating conditions...

In this paper, an energy efficient IoT virtualization framework with peer-to-peer (P2P) networking and edge processing is proposed. network, the task requests are served by peers. objects relays that host virtual machines (VMs) represents peers in proposed P2P network. We have considered three scenarios to investigate saving power consumption system capabilities terms of processing. The first scenario a `relays only' scenario, where processed using only. second `objects last hybrid both VMs....

Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation (laser) sources has many advantages for use in high-data-rate optical wireless communications (OWCs). In particular, the low-cost and high-bandwidth properties laser sources, such as vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs), make them attractive future indoor OWCs. order to be integrated into networks, should conform eye safety regulations determined International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standards safety. this article,...

The emergence of delay-sensitive and computationally-intensive mobile applications services pose a significant challenge for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) devices due to the scarcity in their resources such as computational power battery lifetime. Mobile cloud computing has been introduced promising solution overcome these limitations through task offloading. However, high-latency security issues are considered main challenges this paradigm. Subsequently, edge-cloud paradigm widely used...

In this letter, we propose and evaluate a novel optical wireless configuration that employs multibeam transmitter in conjunction with narrow field-of-view direction diversity receiver. Such overcomes the drawbacks combines advantages of both types links, including line-of-sight diffuse transmission. A placed on communication floor was adopted to produce multiple diffusing spots middle ceiling form line strip. The design goal is reduce effect intersymbol interference improve signal-to-noise...