Sedative doses of anesthetic agents affect upper-airway function. Oral-maxillofacial surgery is frequently performed on sedated patients whose mouths must be as open possible if the procedures are to accomplished successfully. We examined pressure-flow relationships in closed mouths, opened moderately, and maximally test hypothesis that mouth-opening compromises patency during midazolam sedation. From these relationships, critical pressure (Pcrit) upstream resistance (Rua) were derived....

Background: Sevoflurane is generally the preferred anesthetic agent for general anesthesia in pediatric patients, due to its rapid induction and recovery characteristics. However, it has been recognized that a major complication emergence agitation when awakening from anesthesia. The aim of this study was evaluate occurrence rate operating room postoperative area following intraoperative administration midazolam patients under Patients methods: One hundred twenty undergoing dental treatment...

It has been proposed that advancement of the mandible is a useful method for decreasing upper airway collapsibility. We carried out this study to test hypothesis mandibular induces changes in patency during midazolam sedation. To explore its effect, we examined pressure-flow relationships each 4 conditions mouth position normal, healthy subjects (n = 9). In neutral position, Pcrit ( i.e., critical closing pressure, an index collapsibility) was −4.2 cm H 2 O, and upstream resistance (Rua)...

Upper airway patency may be compromised during sleep and anesthesia by either anatomical alterations (mechanical properties) or disturbances in the neural control (compensatory neuromuscular responses). The pathophysiology of upper obstruction differ between men women. Recently, we reported that mechanical properties were comparable with those found natural nonrapid eye movement sleep, as evaluated measurements passive critical closing pressure (P(CRIT)) upstream resistance (R(US)) midazolam...

Head elevation can restore airway patency during anesthesia, although its effect may be offset by concomitant bite opening or accidental neck flexion. The aim of this study is to examine the head on passive upper collapsibility propofol anesthesia.Twenty male subjects were studied, randomized one two experimental groups: fixed-jaw free-jaw. Propofol infusion was used for induction and maintain blood at a constant target concentration between 1.5 2.0 μg/ml. Nasal mask pressure (PN)...

Chin-tuck position and reclining posture have been used in dysphagia patients to prevent aspiration during swallowing. However, both behavioural treatments may affect respiratory function. This study was carried out test the hypothesis that if chin-tuck body affected function, this would be associated with altered coordination between respiration To investigate hypothesis, parameters manometry were each of four combinations position. In 60 degrees position, duration swallowing apnea (0.89...

Background Ketamine is a potent sedative drug that helps to maintain upper-airway patency, due its higher dilator muscular activity and level of duty cycle, as seen in rats. However, no clinical trials have tested passive collapsibility changes the inspiratory cycle against partial obstruction humans. The present study evaluated both mechanical compensatory response acute using three different drugs crossover trial. Methods Eight male volunteers entered this nonblinded, randomized study....

Abstract Background: For relatively invasive upper gastrointestinal endoscopy procedures, such as an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), and also lower intravenous anesthesia is routinely used to reduce patient anxiety. However, with the use of anesthesia, even at mild moderate depth there always a risk airway obstruction due relaxation muscles. With advent nasal high flow (NHF) devices that allow humidified air through cavity, can be respiratory management method in...

Abstract We experienced a case of life-threatening hypotension and bronchoconstriction associated with edema in patient undergoing resection tumor the right mandible following intravenous midazolam for induction general anesthesia. decided to postpone surgery further examination possible drug-induced allergic reaction, we rescheduled 1 week later. After administering H 2 histamine antagonists, administered slow sevoflurane nitrous oxide oxygen plus atropine sulfate after performing test dose...

Hypoventilation and carbon dioxide (CO2) retention are common during sedation. The current study investigated the ventilation responses to nasal high flow (NHF) sedation with propofol. NHF of 30 L/min 60 room air was applied wakefulness in 10 male volunteers. Ventilation monitored by respiratory inductance plethysmography, transcutaneous partial pressure CO2 (TcCO2), SpO2. During sedation, reduced TcCO2 2.9 ± 2.7 mmHg (p = 0.025) 3.6 3.4 0.024) without affecting SpO2 mean rate 3 breaths/min...

Abstract Background Nasal high flow (NHF) may reduce hypoxia and hypercapnia during an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) procedure under sedation. The authors tested a hypothesis that NHF with room air ERCP prevent intraoperative hypoxemia. Methods In the prospective, open-label, single-center, clinical trial, 75 patients undergoing performed moderate sedation were randomized to receive (40 60 L/min, n = 37) or low-flow O 2 via nasal cannula (1 38) procedure....

Summary The coordination between nasal breathing and non-nutritive swallowing serves as a protective reflex against potentially asphyxiating material, i.e. saliva secretions, entering the respiratory tract. Although this is influenced by positional changes in head body, effect of mandible position on not fully understood. We examined advancement associated with mouth opening induced continuous infusion distilled water into pharyngeal cavity. combination increased duration apnoea submental...

The mechanism of agonist-induced GABA(B) receptor (GABA(B) R) internalization is not well understood. To investigate this process, we focused on the interaction R with β-arrestins, which are key proteins in most G protein-coupled receptors, and β-arrestin1 β-arrestin2 were investigated real time using β-arrestins both fluorescent protein-tagged. We then compared these profiles those μ-opioid receptors (μOR), well-studied that associate cointernalize β-arrestins. When stimulated by specific...

JDSMStudy Objectives: Patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) using continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) often report pressure-related discomfort.Both lower and increased comfort may improve patients' compliance CPAPtherapy, thereby improving therapeutic effectiveness.Combining CPAP an oral appliance (hybrid therapy) could be adequate alternative therapy.Methods: Seven patients moderate to severe OSAS who tolerated their despite high pressures (≥ 10 cm H2O) were fitted...

Although it has been reported that general anesthesia affect the perioperative sleep cycle, no studies have yet evaluated how affects dentally disabled patients. In this study, we investigated alteration of cycles in patients receiving dental treatment under anesthesia.The study included 16 procedures anesthesia. Using a monitoring mat, patients' were measured at home from 5 days before scheduled surgery date until after discharge following The change all variables analyzed comparison to...

Continuous maintenance of an appropriate position the mandible and head purely by manual manipulation is difficult, although maneuver can restore airway patency during sleep anesthesia. The aim this paper was to examine effect elevation with jaw closure using a remote-controlled airbag device, such as system, on passive upper collapsibility propofol Seven male subjects were studied. Propofol infusion used for anesthesia induction maintenance, target blood concentration 1.5-2 μg/ml. Nasal...

Although hyperventilation syndrome generally carries a good prognosis, it is associated with the risk of developing severe symptoms, such as post-hyperventilation apnea hypoxemia and loss consciousness. We experienced patient who suffered from apnea. A 17-year-old female for several years developed after treatment using paper bag rebreathing method sedative administration during dental procedure. subsequently successfully provided her monitored anesthesia care propofol. Monitored propofol...

The reduction of endogenous nitric oxide (NO) production during hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury, generally via a in endothelial NO synthase activity, leads to liver injury. We hypothesized that administration an exogenous donor into the portal vein may ameliorate blood flow after period ischemia.A total 90 min ischemia (portal and artery) was applied 15 anesthetized pigs, using Pringle method under sevoflurane anesthesia. All animals were administered either saline (control group, n = 8)...

Abstract Mask ventilation, along with tracheal intubation, is one of the most basic skills for managing an airway during anesthesia. Facial anomalies are a common cause difficult mask although numerous other factors have been reported. The long and narrow mandible commonly encountered mandibular anomaly. In patients mandible, gaps between corners mouth lower likely to prevent adequate seal gas leak may occur. When we administer general anesthesia these patients, sometimes try using several...