The main reasons and ways of bitumen modification by polymers were examined. Positive negative aspects the usage different polymer modifiers (elastomers, thermoplastic elastomers, reactive polymers, thermoplastics) analysed. authors’ achievements concerning various namely indene-coumarone, petroleum, phenol-formaldehyde epoxy resins, described.

A literature review of the five main theories describing interaction mechanisms in bitumen/aggregate system was conducted: theory weak boundary layers, mechanical theory, electrostatic chemical bonding and thermodynamic (adsorption theory). The adhesion assessment methods are described, which can be divided into three groups: determination forces for bitumen with different materials, resistance to exfoliating action water as a fundamental value (contact angle measurements, interfacial...

In this study, the phenol-cresol-formaldehyde (PhCR-F) resin was synthesised from phenolic fraction of coal tar and formaldehyde through polycondensation. The physico-mechanical properties asphalt concrete were subsequently characterised to examine its water saturation, coefficient long-term water-resistance (after 15 30 days), compressive strength (at 20°C 50°C). results revealed that addition PhCR-F markedly increased adhesion index with surface granite aggregates glass before after...

The phenol-cresol-formaldehyde resin (PhCR-F) obtained from phenolic fraction of coal tar has been synthesized via the polycondensation method "raw" phenols with formaldehyde.The modification road bitumen by this was carried out.PhCR-F in different concentrations found to be effectively used as a modifier bitumen.It shown that PhCR-F is an effective adhesive additive for bitumen.The structural types oxidized and modified were determined according group-chemical composition calculated criteria.

With the continuing growth of waste sulfur production from petroleum industry processes, its utilization for useful, low-cost, and environmentally beneficial materials is primary interest. Elemental has a significant established history in modification bitumen binders, while sulfur-containing high-molecular compounds are limited this field. Herein, we report novel possibility to utilize sulfur/organic copolymers obtained via inverse vulcanization process as modifiers binders. Synthesis...

У статті обґрунтована залежність між кислотним числом бітумних в’яжучих та когезійною міцністю литих емульсійно-мінеральних сумішей (ЛЕМС). Встановлено, що високо кислотні бітумні в’яжучі для ЛЕМС є оптимальними за критерієм когезійної міцності.

Restoring and strengthening existing bridges is more economically environmentally feasible, as cement production in new RC significantly contributes to CO2 emissions. Additionally, the of composite carbon materials for structures does not require a large amount energy, unlike steel reinforcement, which requires significant electricity and, accordingly, causes This why this article presents comprehensive review damage, calculations, bridge structures. It examines main types including...

Slow-breaking monophase cationic bitumen emulsions have been produced on the basis of modified with phenol-cresol-formaldehyde resin (PhCR-F).Bitumen were used as a binder for thin-layer coatings slurry surfacing mixes (SSM).Physical and technical parameters unmodified determined analyzed.The optimal compositions SSM selected according to breaking criterion.The values wet track abrasion determined.It was found that addition PhCR-F allows improve adhesion properties coatings.

The possibility of petroleum residues (tar and oxidized bitumen) modification with formaldehyde (37 % aqueous solution) has been studied at the temperature 393±3 K for 3 h in presence organic solvent using hydrochloric acid as a catalyst. Toluene, p-xylene, naphta n-octane were used solvents amount 0–40 wt relative to initial material. By means IR spectroscopy resin-like compounds affecting operational properties have detected. These are formed result reaction residue components molecules.

To obtain modified bitumen with excellent adhesive properties, coumarone-indene resin (CIR) was used. However, bitumens by CIR have somewhat worse plastic properties. For the improvement of properties road resin, paper proposes to use plasticizers. Characterized a high content rings (aromatic-naphthenic oils), range compounds used as Of all different plasticizers tested, tar produced from West-Ukrainian oils has been found be most effective one. The optimal ratio between components...

The process of chemical modification tar and oxidized bitumen with formalin (a 37% aqueous solution formaldehyde) in a hermetic container was investigated the effectiveness proposed proven. It is shown that most effective raw material for tar, not bitumen. expediency impact using different types solvents (toluene, p-xylene petroleum solvent, n-octane) were studied. established solvent should be used bitumens, tars. low efficiency formaldehyde without use catalyst proven, it active sulfuric...

The effect of factors on the process chemical modification tar with formaldehyde using a sulfuric acid as catalyst has been studied. By experimental results, adequate statistical-mathematical (ESM) model developed. Based this model, optimal values have identified, bringing about penetration value and softening point modified tars. Data predicted basis ESM were compared empirical evidence tars preparation.

Nowadays, the most common ways to dispose of acid tars and paper production waste are burial or incineration, but it is ecologically economically expedient use such in building materials. A new variant filler aggregate—wastepaper sludge ash (paper waste) a chemical activator for aggregates—acid tar (oil-refining industry proposed. Elemental mineralogical compositions wastepaper comparison with commodity limestone mineral powder established. Chemical activation was carried out wetting...

The effect of factors on the process obtaining phenol-cresol-formaldehyde resin (PhCR-F) has been studied.By using empirical evidence, adequate experimental statistical-mathematical (ESM) model developed.Based this model, optimal values for PhCR-F have identified, bringing about both high yield and softening point resin.Data predicted basis ESM were compared with evidence preparation.

The chemical modification of tar with formaldehyde as 37% aqueous solutionhas been studied in the presence catalysts. Hydrochloric acid, sulfuric sodium hydroxide and acid were used effect catalyst nature amount, well temperature, process time initial components ratio on softening point, penetration, brittle point adhesion to crushed stone has determined. structure modified tars was confirmed by IR spectroscopy. structural-group composition Arene-formaldehyde resins have synthesized basis...

The possibility of modification BND 60/90 bitumen produced at JSC Ukrtatnafta (Kremenchuk, Ukraine) with maleic anhydride has been considered. effect amount, process time and temperature on the operating characteristics modified studied.

The possibility of using maleic anhydride as a foaming agent to produce foamed bitumen was investigated. optimal content determined according the indicators growth binder volume and half-life foam. With use agent, obtained, later used obtain two samples stone mastic asphalt, which differed in mixing compaction temperatures asphalt mix. For comparison, composition mix designed non-foamed (BND 70/100 BND modified with anhydride) at different temperatures). Stone specimens were formed tested

Abstract The process of lignite desulphurization via its treatment by an oxidant (air or air–steam mixture) has been studied. research objective was useful determination steam application in oxidative desulphurization. It proved that the water should be included composition to increase hydrogen sulphide and combustible constituent content gases obtained during processes under research. impact factors which affect reactions between solid (in our case – lignite) gaseous reagent (oxidant, i.e....