A5013241200- Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques
- Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques
- Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing
- Integrated Energy Systems Optimization
- Geophysical Methods and Applications
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- GNSS positioning and interference
- Spacecraft Design and Technology
- Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing
- Smart Grid Security and Resilience
- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Space Satellite Systems and Control
- Radar Systems and Signal Processing
- Inertial Sensor and Navigation
- Spacecraft and Cryogenic Technologies
- Calibration and Measurement Techniques
- Antenna Design and Optimization
- Astronomical Observations and Instrumentation
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Coastal and Marine Dynamics
- Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Studies
- Microwave Imaging and Scattering Analysis
- Gait Recognition and Analysis
Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)
2014-2025
Remote Sensing Solutions (Germany)
2002
We present the first analysis of surface current fields derived from TerraSAR-X along-track interferometric synthetic aperture radar (along-track InSAR, ATI) data. The images were acquired over mouth Elbe river (Germany) during six satellite overpasses in spring and summer 2008, using experimental "aperture switching" mode TerraSAR-X. In this mode, phased-array (SAR) antenna is split into two halves for receiving, but contrast to "dual receive antenna" which uses independent receivers...
Spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) offers great potential for the measurement of ground traffic flows. A SAR with multiple receiving apertures aligned in flight direction repeatedly images same area a short time lag. This allows an effective detection moving objects, whose range variation translates into interferometric phase signal between channels. The high-resolution German satellite TerraSAR-X several ways to create along-track apertures. We exploit this demonstrate...
This paper reports about the performed investigations for implementation of wide-swath TOPS (Terrain Observation by Progressive Scan) imaging mode with TerraSAR-X (TSX). The overcomes limitations imposed ScanSAR steering antenna along track during acquisition a burst. In this way, all targets are illuminated complete azimuth pattern, and, thus, scalloping is circumvented, and an dependence signal-to-noise ratio distributed target ambiguity (DTAR) avoided. However, use electronically steered...
TanDEM-X (TerraSAR-X Add-on for Digital Elevation Measurements) is a high-resolution interferometric mission with the main goal of providing global and unprecedentedly accurate digital elevation model Earth surface by means single-pass X-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry. Despite its usual quasi-monostatic configuration, first genuinely bistatic SAR system in space. During monostatic commissioning phase, has been mainly operated pursuit mode. However, some pioneering...
Repeat-pass interferometry data were acquired during the first and second SIR-C/X-SAR missions in April October 1994. This paper presents results from X-SAR at four different sites. The temporal separations one day six months. At two sites coherence requirements met, resulting high quality interferograms. A digital elevation model ground range geometry has been derived. limitations of are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"...
TanDEM-X is a formation flying interferometer consisting of two SAR satellites. Together they acquire bistatic data the earth in order to generate global digital elevation model as well individual scientific interferometric datasets on user request. This article gives an overview about ten years acquisition and planning for mission. one hand includes derivation formation, i.e., 3-D distance between both satellites orbit. On other hand, it needs consider regions interest mission, satellite,...
The TerraSAR-X satellite is a high-resolution synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system launched in June 2007 which provides the option to split antenna along-track direction and sample two physical channels separately. Modern SARs are equipped with active phased array antennas multiple channels. In order keep costs low, uses redundant receiver unit for second channel such that fore aft signals combined by hybrid coupler form sum difference data. dual receive (DRA) mode can either be used...
The satellite of the TerraSAR-X mission, called TSX, was launched on 15 June 2007 and its identically constructed twin TDX, which is required by mission TanDEM-X, 21 2010. Together they supply high-quality radar data in order to serve two goals: Scientific observation Earth provisioning remote sensing for commercial market (TerraSAR-X mission) generation a global digital elevation model (DEM) Earth’s surface (TanDEM-X mission). On occasion 10th anniversary focus will be development system...
Due to the indirect measurement principle of radar on base signal travel time, a very precise calibration sensor's internal clock with regard rate and potential time offsets relative Coordinated Universal Time is an essential prerequisite for accurate pixel localization in Synthetic Aperture Radar. Giving special considerations this aspect, we developed two algorithms that improve already high accuracy TerraSAR-X: The either one precisely determines true oscillator rate, while other...
This paper recalls the essential elements of joint TerraSAR-X and TanDEM-X ground segment. It elaborates on some topics which are usually not in primary focus from a pure SAR technical point view, e.g. flight formation. Both commissioning early routine phase results operating segment given.
Tandem-L is a highly innovative SAR satellite mission for the global observation of dynamic processes on Earth's surface with hitherto unknown quality and resolution. Thanks to its novel imaging techniques unprecedented acquisition capacity, will deliver urgently needed information solution pressing scientific questions in areas biosphere, geosphere, cryosphere hydrosphere. The feasibility has been analyzed confirmed scope phase A study, which conducted close cooperation between German...
The TanDEM-X mission, formed by the satellite in cooperation with its almost identical twin TerraSAR-X (TSX), has mainly been designed to acquire bistatic synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images of Earth. Initiated 2010, primary mission objectives were generate a global digital elevation model (DEM) perform scientific measurements and explore novel SAR techniques. Up present day, all these have completed outstanding results. In addition, satellites maintained stable image quality from start...
The concurrent imaging technique enables parallel acquisitions with different beams or modes, e.g., a wide area Stripmap mode High-Resolution Spotlight mode. Such Stripmap/Spotlight is investigated for TerraSAR-X. This employs pulse-to-pulse interleaving scheme to acquire two acquisitions-even of disjunctive areas-at the same time, offering products resolution and coverage portfolios. capability especially interesting customers interested in an overview larger but at time observing interest...
The paper reports about investigations on the implementation of recently proposed TOPSAR acquisition mode with TerraSAR-X. Differently from ScanSAR,TOPSAR allows a wide swath coverage nearly uniform signal to noise ratio (SNR), therefore avoiding scalloping and azimuth dependent SNR. To achieve this goal antenna beam is steered within different swaths in along-track direction. TerraSAR-X can electronically steer beam; however, angle quantization introduced because limited number available...
This paper presents the TerraSAR-X instrument operations embedded into Instrument Operations and Calibration Segment. Special focus is on data-take (DT) command generation. The generation for standard DTs discussed, nonnominal DT commanding described several examples which demonstrate flexibility of both system on-ground.
Tandem-L is a proposal for an innovative L-band SAR mission the systematic observation of dynamic processes on Earth's surface. The concept based two satellites flying in close formation featuring latest digital beamforming techniques combination with large deployable reflector increasing swath width and imaging resolution. This enables operation modes such as polarimetric tomography determining vertical structure vegetation ice. With novel processing vast recording capacity up to 8...
ScanSAR interferometry is an efficient technique for topographic mapping or surface change monitoring of large areas. The feasibility has been demonstrated in theory and simulations before. authors show the first interferogram from real RADARSAT data. In a example, derived two data sets presented. second formed one strip-map set. this case, azimuth synchronization problem involved acquisition interferometric pairs circumvented. Different algorithms are discussed.
The detection of ships and the retrieval parameters like vessel velocity, heading size are important techniques for ocean shore surveillance systems. Space borne SAR along-track interferometry (ATI) can detect large areas measure their velocity at same time by means interferometric phase. In this paper we report about first results automatic ship using TerraSAR-X ATI.
TSX, an advanced synthetic aperture radar satellite, launched on June 15 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> 2007 and the almost identically rebuild TDX 21 2010 serve two challenging missions. First: The TerraSAR-X mission, providing high quality SAR data for scientific commercial purposes, covering a large variation of modes from resolution staring spotlight mode with 1 m to area wide ScanSAR offering up 260 km swath width....