Abstract Informal housing and industrial developments in the so‐called urban villages have been key features of recent Chinese urbanization. In this article we will examine development one most dynamic cities — Shenzhen. The first reviews urbanization migration process region emergence villages. It then examines informal housing, commercial these We analyse politics village highlight important relationship between development. emphasize contribution made by providing affordable jobs for...

Research into eastern European housing reform indicates that privatization has been accompanied by processes of social and physical exclusion segregation. Has the Chinese similar problems? This paper addresses this question examining early evidence on spatial consequences reform. It begins with a discussion particular patterns cities developed during years Communist control then examines impacts is argued although brought significant changes to provision system improved many urban residents'...

The role of the state in housing has been subject controversial debate recently China. More and more decision-makers consider that supply should be left to market forces demand supply. Various new policies have introduced from as early 1979, designed commercialise reform public-sector-dominated system. This paper provides a review reforms systematic account key features commercialisation process. It focuses principally on attempts privatise public-sector urban areas context major...

China has experienced a huge wave of rural to urban migration over the last 25 years; however, Chinese cities do not have large-scale slum settlements found in other developing countries. Has new way solve housing problems migrants and poor? This paper addresses this question reports findings recent research project carried out Shenzhen City. In general, are poor comparison with official residents. The majority them live shared rooms or small apartments so-called villages. Housing poverty,...

Abstract The dramatic changes in urban housing provision China after 1980 have been widely described and assessed. This paper updates earlier accounts of policy change reflects upon the significance these for theoretical conceptual frameworks used comparative studies. Housing privatisation commercialisation transformed Chinese socialist system into a dynamic market but new problems characteristic economies emerged. Government at national level has responded by developing policies to support...

After three decades of housing reform, Chinese government embarked on a large-scale expansion public provision over the last few years. This very ambitious plan construction aims at reducing negative impacts from global economic slowdown since 2008; same time, tackling huge inflation in and achieve harmonious society development strategy. initiative signals sharp change policy that previous decades. It also put China different track when many other countries tried to cut back spending...

Housing privatisation has been one of key features reform during the 1980s and 1990s in many countries. Chinese housing attracted attention because its distinctive there have a number commentaries on general progress urban policies. However, no systematic study development commercial cities. The aim this paper is to provide an up-to-date account development. It examines scale investment early 1990s, process, quality design standards, market management residential estates. conclusions draw...

Housing provision in Chinese cities has experienced many changes since 1979 when the country embarked on major economic reform. During late 1980s and 1990s publicly owned houses were sold to their existing tenants or other public sector employees. Large numbers of new built by commercial property developers for emerging urban housing market. As a result, patterns residents have emerged. areas different standards social groups became dominant feature large at end 1990s. Will poor benefit from...

The development of optic stalk neuroepithelial cells depends on Hedgehog(Hh) signaling, yet the source(s) Hh protein in is unknown. We provide genetic evidence that sonic hedgehog (Shh) from retinal ganglion (RGCs) promotes disc and cells. demonstrate RGCs express Shh soon after differentiation, at close proximity to Shh-expressing upregulate target genes, which suggests they are responding RGC-derived signaling. Conditional ablation Shhin caused a complete loss astrocyte precursor...

Neo-liberalism has dominated policy formulation and implementation for three decades been influential in reshaping urban housing provision different countries. However, the nature impact of neo-liberal developments are also affected by previous arrangements, exact nature, timing pace change how governments markets have responded to emerging global local challenges. This paper examines reform market development China focuses on performance government responses following initial reform. The...

This research investigates the mechanism of urban village redevelopment in south China. Through a revised typology place entrepreneurs based on growth machine thesis and case study Liede central Guangzhou, it illustrates how land-based interests embedded an imbalanced power relationship can (de-)activate redevelopment. The reveals that while villagers, as represented by collective, have entrenched process, city government – monopolistic land manager entrepreneur plays deciding role forging...

Housing policies introduced in China 1998 aim to end the distribution of housing by employers and set up new finance market systems. The author examines policy development practice Beijing evaluates performance mechanisms. Although were a major step forward, system created is very different from that economy. Employers still have role play housing, although they will not be directly involved construction distribution. shows some distinctive features as well.

To investigate the role of efflux pumps AdeABC, AdeIJK, AdeDE and AbeM in reduced susceptibility to imipenem clinical isolates Acinetobacter baumannii.Susceptibility testing was conducted by agar dilution method. The presence expression pump genes were analyzed conventional PCR real-time RT-PCR, respectively.Most antibiotics, including carbapenem, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones cephalosporins showed high minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values imipenem-resistant A. baumannii (IRAB)....

Housing change has been a major part of urban social and economic reform in China. Earlier research literature on housing policy focused largely changes which affected office workers employed by government departments professional institutions. Relatively little attention given to the examination practice state-owned enterprises. This paper aims enhance our understanding impacts It reports findings from fieldwork carried out four large cities; highlights different approaches adopted...

As the popularity of short videos grows in China, Douyin, one largest video platforms has quickly acquired a sizable user base due to its unique format and extensive content. In comparison, expansion traditional e-commerce represented by Jingdong, Taobao, Tmall slowed down year year. This study integrates UGT theory with user-centered strategy investigate motivations influencing variables utilizing Douyin platform order assess changes needs strengthen marketing strategies. It also gathers...

Abstract Polycentricity is promoted as an ideal urban form to achieve sustainable and balanced development, it has been widely adopted by planners in China, especially large cities. However, the rhetoric about polycentricity rarely interrogated planning research terms of scales, contextuality, power rationality. To fill this gap, we carried out a Foucauldian discourse analysis our interpret nature polycentric practice City Master Plans, using Tianjin case study. Through how being deployed...