A new compact planar ultrawideband (UWB) antenna designed for on-body communications is presented. The characterized in free space, on a homogeneous phantom modeling human arm, and realistic high-resolution whole-body voxel model. In all configurations it demonstrates very satisfactory features propagation. results are presented terms of return loss, radiation pattern, efficiency, <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">E</i> -field...

The biocompatibility of millimeter-wave devices and systems is an important issue due to the wide number emerging body-centric wireless applications at millimeter waves. This review article provides state knowledge in this field mainly focuses on recent results advances related different aspects interactions with human body. Electromagnetic, thermal, biological are considered analyzed for exposures 30-100 GHz range a particular emphasis 60-GHz band. Recently introduced dosimetric techniques...

A textile endfire antenna operating in the 60-GHz band is proposed for wireless body area networks (BANs). The permittivity of substrate has been accurately characterized, and Yagi–Uda fabricated using an ad hoc manufacturing process. Its performance terms reflection coefficient, radiation pattern, gain, efficiency studied free space on a tissue-equivalent phantom representing human body. It shown that matched 57–64-GHz band. measured on-body maximum gain equal 48.0% 11.9 dBi, respectively....

Progress in implantable and ingestible wireless biotelemetry requires versatile efficient antennas to communicate reliably from a body. We propose an ultraminiature 434 MHz antenna immune impedance detuning caused by varying electromagnetic properties of the surrounding biological environment. It is designed for standard input 50 Ω. The synthesized miniaturized using hybrid analytical-numerical approach, then optimized conform inner surface 17 mm long biocompatible encapsulation (7...

The paper presents the design and fabrication of a low-cost easy-to-fabricate laser-induced graphene sensor together with its implementation for multi-sensing applications. Laser-irradiation commercial polymer film was applied photo-thermal generation graphene. patterned in an interdigitated shape transferred onto Kapton sticky tape to form electrodes capacitive sensor. functionality validated by employing them electrochemical strain-sensing scenarios. Impedance spectroscopy investigate...

International organizations have collaborated to revise standards and guidelines for human protection from exposure electromagnetic fields. In the frequency range of 6–300 GHz, permissible spatially averaged epithelial/absorbed power density, which is primarily derived thermal modeling, considered as basic restriction. However, averaging methods density inside tissues, only a few groups presented calculated results obtained using different conditions numerical methods. Because experimental...

Interactions between a 60-GHz microstrip patch antenna array designed for off-body communications and the human body are investigated numerically experimentally. First, is characterized in free space on homogeneous skin-equivalent phantom terms of reflection coefficient, radiation pattern, efficiency. Second, multiphysics dosimetry technique proposed implemented to determine specific absorption rate (SAR) incident power density (IPD) from heating dynamics measured an experimental using...

To demonstrate that commercial textiles can be used as antenna substrates at millimeter waves, a microstrip patch array printed on textile is proposed for off-body communications in the 60-GHz band. The substrate characterized V-band using open stub technique. A new fabrication process introduced reliable and accurate manufacturing of millimeter-wave antennas textiles. reflection coefficient, radiation patterns efficiency are studied free space, with without bending, homogeneous...

The on-body propagation at 60 GHz is studied analytically, numerically and experimentally using a skin-equivalent phantom. First, to provide analytical-based fundamental models of path gain, the theory propagating waves near flat phantom by considering vertical horizontal elementary dipoles. analytical are in excellent agreement with full-wave simulations. For vertically polarized wave, minimum power decay exponent 3.5 found. Then, on body investigated polarizations two linearly-polarized...

Wireless, implanted devices for biotelemetry, telemedicine, and neural interfacing are an emerging technology with powerful capabilities medicine clinical research, but being held back by unreliable communication external equipment. This study uses full-wave-problem formulations to the mechanisms of electromagnetic propagation through tissue, derive optimal radiation conditions. Surprisingly, 80--99% efficiency is lost due tissue-air impedance mismatch, not tissue absorption, as commonly...

teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, from public private centers.L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement recherche français étrangers, laboratoires publics privés.

A conformal antenna with electronically tuning capability of its radiation pattern between broadside and monopole-like patterns is proposed. The based on a proximity-fed circular patch, loaded ring patch four rectangular slots. design planar without any use rigid shorting posts or complex feeding network. reconfigurability achieved by activating deactivating the slots using p-i-n diodes to switch TM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"...

Abstract Objective. Numerical modeling of electric fields induced by transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is currently a part the standard procedure to predict and understand neural response. Quasi-static approximation (QSA) for field calculations generally applied reduce computational cost. Here, we aimed analyze quantify validity over broad frequency range. Approach. We performed electromagnetic studies using an anatomical head model considered approximations assuming either...

The extension of body area networks from microwaves to millimeter waves requires develop experimental phantoms emulating the dielectric properties human skin for accurate, reproducible, and well-controlled characterization wearable antennas, on-body propagation channel, absorption electromagnetic power by body. Here we introduce a broadband skin-equivalent semisolid phantom whose composition is optimized coincide with measured values permittivity in 55-65-GHz range. To confirm accuracy this...

Autonomous implantable bioelectronics requires efficient radiating structures for data transfer and wireless powering. The radiation of body-implanted capsules is investigated to obtain the explicit optima E- B-coupled sources arbitrary dimensions properties. analysis uses conservation-of-energy formulation within dispersive homogeneous stratified canonical body models. results reveal that fundamental bounds exceed by far efficiencies currently obtained conventional designs. Finally, a...

In this letter, we present experimental investigations on washing durability of a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-conductive fabric composite to validate its applicability for the realization flexible wearable antennas that can withstand multiple cycles. For purpose, designed an ultrahigh-frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) passive tag antenna and fabricated several prototypes using such materials combination. Understanding challenge having robust integration lumped electronic...

A conformal, planar, and low-profile ultrawideband antenna with monopole-like radiation band-notched characteristics is presented. circular patch shorted to the ground combined two rectangular slots concentric rings, achieve an ultrawide bandwidth from 3.8 8.3 GHz a single rejection band 5 6 GHz. The features, generated by combining TM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">01</sub> xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">02</sub>...

Wireless in-body bioelectronics offer powerful biosensing and therapeutic capabilities. Efficient robust antenna designs are required to ensure a reliable through-body link, increase data rates, reduce power budgets. This study proposes demonstrates pattern- frequency-reconfigurable capsule-conformal array that responds the challenges of next-generation bioelectronics. The comprises two mirrored dual-band elements operating at 434 MHz 2.45 GHz ISM bands. Tissue-matched dielectric loading...

The complex permittivity of the human skin has been measured in vivo 10–60 GHz range using a recently developed coaxial slim probe. results are compared with literature data at millimetre waves, and broad-band Cole-Cole model is proposed for several locations on arm, namely palm, wrist, forearm. This reported study provides relevant required studying interactions between emerging body-centric wireless millimetre-wave technologies body.

In-body antennas couple strongly to surrounding biological tissues, thus, resulting in radiation efficiencies well below 1%. Here, we quantify how the permittivity and conductivity, each individually, affect efficiency of miniature implantable ingestible antennas. We use a generic pill-sized capsule antenna spherical homogeneous phantom with its electromagnetic properties covering complete range body tissues. In addition surrounded by air, study case reduced phantom-background contrast...

Wireless implantable bioelectronics and accurate in vivo characterization of path loss require efficient robust in-body antennas. Loading electric antennas with the effective permittivities higher than that surrounding tissues are a promising solution. In this letter, proof-of-concept conformal microstrip proposed. The optimized for standard impedance 50 Ω operate all high-water-content tissues. Integral ground plane shields antenna from inner circuitry. radiation efficiencies 0.4%, 2.2%,...

In-body biotelemetry devices enable wireless monitoring of a wide range physiological parameters. These rely on antennas to interface with external receivers, yet existing systems suffer from impedance detuning caused by the substantial differences in electromagnetic properties among various tissues. In this paper, we propose an immune-to-detuning in-body platform featuring novel tissue-independent antenna design.Our approach uses slot-patch conformal integrated into flexible polyimide...

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> We investigate potential biological effects of low-power millimeter-wave radiation on human cell viability and intracellular protein homeostasis. A specific exposure system allowing to perform far-field exposures with power densities close those expected from the future wireless communications in 60-GHz band has been developed characterized. Specific absorption rate (SAR) values were determined...