Abstract Individuals differ in their sensitivity toward injustice. Justice‐sensitive persons perceive injustice more frequently and show stronger responses to it. Justice has been studied predominantly adults; little is known about its development childhood adolescence connection prosocial behavior emotional behavioral problems. This study evaluates a version of the justice inventory for children adolescents ( JSI ‐ CA 5) 1472 9‐ 17‐year olds. Items scales showed good psychometric properties...

Several personality dispositions with common features capturing sensitivities to negative social cues have recently been introduced into psychological research. To date, however, little is known about their interrelations, conjoint effects on behavior, or interplay other risk factors. We asked N=349 adults from Germany rate justice, rejection, moral disgust, and provocation sensitivity, hostile attribution bias, trait anger, forms functions of aggression. The sensitivity measures were mostly...

Individual differences in justice sensitivity and rejection have been linked to aggressive behavior adults. However, there is little research studying this association children adolescents considering the two constructs combination. We assessed from victim, observer, perpetrator perspective as well anxious angry both different forms (physical, relational), functions (proactive, reactive) of self‐reported aggression teacher‐ parent‐rated N = 1,489 9‐ 19‐year olds Germany. Victim showed...

Aggression may be performed for different reasons, such as defending oneself (reactive aggression) or to reach egoistic aims (proactive aggression). It is a widely accepted notion that lack of theory mind (ToM) basic social competence should linked higher aggression, but findings on the developmental links between ToM and functions aggression have been inconsistent. One reason this failure taking bi‐dimensionality both (cognitive vs. affective) proactive) into account. In addition, direction...

Abstract Background Self-regulation (SR) as the ability to regulate one’s own physical state, emotions, cognitions, and behavior, is considered play a pivotal role in concurrent subsequent mental health of an individual. Although SR skills encompass numerous sub-facets, previous research has often focused on only one or few these rarely adolescence. Therefore, little known about development their interplay, specific contributions future developmental outcomes, particularly To fill gaps, this...

This longitudinal study examined the links between child aggression and parenting stress over 4 years. Child was hypothesized to contribute stress, which should increase aggression. Parents teachers of 239 German children aged 6 15 years completed measures at Time 1 3, complemented by children's self‐reports 3. rated their child‐focused parent‐focused an intermediate measurement 2. Child‐focused mediated path from 3 in boys girls, whereas unrelated The findings help understand continuity...

Maternal well-being is assumed to be associated with of individual family members, optimal parenting practices, and positive developmental outcomes for children. The objective this study was examine the interplay between maternal well-being, parent-child activities, 5- 7-year-old In a sample N = 291 mother-child dyads, life satisfaction, frequency shared as well children's self-regulation, prosocial behavior, receptive vocabulary were assessed using several methods. Data collected in special...

Most research on the development of executive functions (EF) has applied variable-oriented approaches, neglecting potential inter- and intraindividual interplay these capacities. In a person-oriented approach, present study identified varying profiles performance for three cool EF facets: inhibition, working-memory updating, cognitive flexibility, as well two hot affective decision-making delay gratification, in community sample 1,657 children (T1; age: 6–11 years, M = 8.36 52.1% female) via...

Abstract Since 1999, Germany has experienced at least twelve serious cases of targeted school violence. This article describes two projects designed to fill the gap between universal prevention and emergency response in preventing severe forms violence Germany. The Berlin Leaking Project examined viability preventive efforts based on early identification leaking behavior that often precedes attacks. refers any or communication indicates a student is preparing carry out violent attack. would...

Leaking comprises observable behavior or statements that signal intentions of committing a violent offense and is considered an important warning sign for school shootings. School staff who are confronted with leaking have to assess its seriousness react appropriately – difficult task, because knowledge about sparse. The present study, therefore, examined how frequently occurs in schools teachers identify respond it. To achieve this aim, we informed from eight Germany the definition other...

OBJECTIVE: Research has linked individual differences in justice and rejection sensitivity to aggression different age groups. However, forms functions of have not been considered when investigating these links adults. Furthermore, no attention paid verbal or the conjoint effects sensitivity. METHOD: The present study assessed as well victim, observer, perpetrator 349 German Links with self-reported (physical, relational, verbal) (proactive, reactive) were examined. RESULTS: In structural...

Depressive symptoms have been related to anxious rejection sensitivity, but little is known about relations with angry sensitivity and justice sensitivity. We measured depressive in 1,665 9-to-21-year olds at two points of measurement. Participants high T1 levels reported higher than controls T2. rejection, not predicted T2 symptoms; victim however, stabilized symptoms. positively Hence, towards negative social cues may be cause consequence requires consideration cognitive-behavioral...

The hostile attribution bias (HAB) is a well‐established risk factor for aggression. It considered part of the suspicious mindset that may cause highly victim‐justice sensitive individuals to behave uncooperatively. Thus, links victim justice sensitivity (JS) with negative behavior, such as aggression, be better explained by HAB. present study tested this hypothesis in N = 279 German adolescents who rated their JS, HAB, and physical, relational, verbal, reactive, proactive Victim JS...

Studies show relations between executive function (EF), Theory of Mind (ToM), and conduct-problem (CP) symptoms. However, many studies have involved cross-sectional data, small clinical samples, pre-school children, and/or did not consider potential mediation effects. The present study examined the longitudinal EF, ToM abilities, CP symptoms in a population-based sample 1,657 children 6 11 years (T1: M=8.3 years, T2: M=9.1 years; 51.9% girls). We assessed EF skills abilities via computerized...

School homicides have been become a worldwide phenomenon. In the decade following Columbine shooting there at least forty similar events in other countries. This article addresses international scope of this problem and some complex conceptual issues that make student homicidal violence difficult to define study. Meaningful research on risk protective factors can inform evidence-based preventive models is summarized.

Research indicates individual pathways towards school attacks and inconsistent offender profiles. Thus, several authors have classified offenders according to mental disorders, motives, or number/kinds of victims. We assumed differences between single multiple victim (intending kill one more than victim). In qualitative quantitative analyses data from content case files on seven in Germany, we found the groups seriousness, patterns, characteristics, classes leaking (announcements offences),...

School shooters are often described as narcissistic, but empirical evidence is scant. To provide more reliable and detailed information, we conducted an exploratory study, analyzing police investigation files on seven school shootings in Germany, looking for symptoms of narcissistic personality disorder defined by the Diagnostic Statistical Manual Mental Disorders (4th ed.; DSM-IV) witnesses’ offenders’ reports expert psychological evaluations. Three out four offenders who had been treated...