Individual users and enterprises are increasingly relying on the access to internet services cannot accept long interruption time as easily before. Moreover, main characteristics of next generation optical (NGOA) networks, such reach a large number per feeder line, turn network reliability an important design parameter offer uninterrupted service delivery. In this regard, protection mechanisms become one crucial aspects that need be considered in process networks. On other hand, it should...

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is an upcoming technique to boost the capacity of visible light communication (VLC) systems which otherwise limited by slow modulation response light-emitting diode (LED) sources used therein. We propose enhance energy efficiency NOMA-based VLC systems, thereby making them suitable for green Internet things (IoT) in sixth generation (6G) networks. The proposed energy-efficient power allocation (EPA) scheme reduces average bit error rate (ABER) and...

Demonstration of high yield synthesis graphene by electrolyte heating assisted electrochemically exfoliation method for performance EMI shielding applications.

The ever-increasing demand for data rates by mobile users can be fulfilled radio over fiber (RoF) combined with spectrally-efficient modulation techniques. Thus, RoF is critical to the design of fronthaul 5 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> generation (5G) communication networks. We propose and experimentally demonstrate a low-cost directly modulated laser (DML)-based wavelength division multiplexing (WDM)-RoF transmission...

The optical network unit (ONU), installed at a customer's premises, accounts for about 60% of power in current fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) networks. We propose consumption model the ONU and evaluate various next generation access (NGOA) architectures. Further, we study impact savings low modes such as shedding, doze sleep.

Quality-of-service (QoS) support in Ethernet passive optical networks is a crucial concern. We propose new dynamic bandwidth allocation (DBA) algorithm for service differentiation that meets the service-level agreements (SLAs) of users. The proposed delay-aware (DA) online DBA provides constant and predictable average packet delay reduced variation high- medium-priority traffic while keeping loss rate under check. prove effectiveness by exhaustive simulations.

Time and wavelength division multiplexed passive optical networks (TWDM-PONs) have been widely accepted as a next generation access (NGOA) solution.We propose novel dynamic bandwidth allocation (DBA) algorithm for energy efficiency in TWDM-PONs.

Visible light communication (VLC) is being envisioned as an enabling technology for the physical layer of sixth generation (6G) networks which promises to support massive connectivity requirements Internet things (IoT). Due its ability safely function in areas that are otherwise susceptible electromagnetic interference (e.g., aircraft, hospitals, etc.), VLC a popular candidate intravehicular systems flights, ambulances, etc. However, achievable data rate severely limited by low modulation...

This paper proposes an optical distribution network (ODN) architecture for open access networks. The proposed scheme ensures co-existence of multiple business partners (BPs) e.g., service, equipment, and infrastructure providers at different levels the network, along with physical-layer security. Further, isolation is provided to each subscriber, preventing disruption by malicious subscribers. ODN supports BPs granularities (sizes) discourages monopoly; thus, allowing co-exist. It also...

The need of a wireless network with very low latency, high bandwidth, and cellular density is paramount for serving futuristic applications. For this purpose, we design dense network, consisting radio cells less than 10 m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . To serve these small cells, backbone implemented over radio-over-fibre (RoF) based architecture can be an ideal solution. In paper propose different RoF architectures...

To serve futuristic applications, wireless access with a wired-like connectivity is required. accomplish this goal, we propose design for flexible radio-over-fiber (RoF) network, where optimize the RoF network right choice of subcarrier modulation scheme. Then mobile interleaved polling (MIP) and wavelength allocation algorithm, benchmark performance mechanism simple that has been proposed in literature. Using simulation environment, evaluate packet latency MAC protocol different user...

Owing to its several advantages over other wireless schemes, visible light communication (VLC) shall be at the forefront of optical technology. However, due multipath reflections and spatial distribution light-emitting diode (LED) transmitters, there is an inherent delay spread in VLC channels. We perform a comprehensive quantitative study on effect practical factors like LED semi-angle, wall reflectivity, number reflections, panels, room size, user locations channel parameters, namely RMS...

Visible light communication (VLC) is being envisioned as an enabling technology to provide the much-needed spectral relief for ever-increasing demand Internet connectivity and data consumption. Since VLC uses illumination sources lighting well communication, it required dimming control proper enhanced error performance reliable communication. In this paper, we address both these issues holistically. We formulate study power densities of dimming-based modulation schemes, namely variable...

Visible light communication (VLC) is a promising technology that benefits from several advantages over other wireless techniques. However, the capacity of VLC systems limited by low modulation bandwidth light-emitting diodes (LEDs) used as transmitters. To circumvent this bottleneck, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) popularly in systems. due to high inter-user interference at receivers, NOMA suffers poor outage performance, especially if number users large. We propose boost performance...

Time and wavelength division multiplexed passive optical networks (TWDM-PONs) have been widely considered as one of the next evolutionary steps access networks. A variety algorithms exists that explore problem scheduling assignment in TWDM-PONs. These algorithms, however, allow unlimited switching wavelengths. In reality, increases guard bands due to tuning time components, limiting channel utilization increasing packet delays. We propose a novel dynamic bandwidth allocation (DBA) algorithm...

There has been a large global effort to innovate and design optical access technologies that can accommodate the requirements emerging from colossal increase in data rates. Currently TWDM-PONs WDM-PONs have foreseen as main candidates for next-generation systems. Due current business modeling trends possible regulatory obligations, these networks should also support open access, which refers sharing of network infrastructure among different entities non-discriminatory way. By (bottleneck)...

In this paper, we propose the system concepts of a next-generation wavelength switched hybrid time division multiple access and multiplexing (TWDM) passive optical network (PON) architecture. architecture, selective switches (WSSs) are used at remote node to improve flexibility, data security power budget compared other TWDM-PON variants. We map proposed architecture requirements networks in 2020 perspective. Finally, benchmark with solutions.

The deployment of a new fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) network will open up much higher bandwidth to the customers compared currently deployed copper-based solutions, but its rollout costs are immense. Opening and sharing same infrastructure with multiple actors offers important cost saving opportunities. A so-called access can provide interfaces for at different layers: dark fiber, wavelength, or bitstream. Although allows better usage shared as such payback cost, does not come free. cooperation...

The paper introduces a novel architecture for optical access networks that simultaneously provides complete flexibility and security. At the same time, distribution is completely passive. Unlike other architectures in literature, proposed does not possess security-flexibility tradeoff. Complete allows to switch OFF appropriate number of active components at low network loads making this design green technology. discussed has long reach, which independent users network.

In the free space optical (FSO) communication system, condition of channel changes continuously. this kind channel, a prior state information (CSI) at receiver can help in data recovery and lead to significant improvement bit error rate (BER) performance. work, study on an experimental FSO link with turbulence generating (OTG) chamber as has been carried out. For estimating coefficients, maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) Bayesian techniques are used. It seen analytically verified...