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This investigation examined the dimensions of developmental timing, subtype, and severity maltreatment their relations with child adaptation. The 814 children who participated in a summer day camp, 492 whom were maltreated 322 nonmaltreated comparison children, assessed by camp counselors on internalizing externalizing symptomatology, aggressive, withdrawn, cooperative behavior, personality ego resiliency control, rated peers disruptive, behavior. within each subtype period which occurred...

This study assessed the magnitude and specificity of parental alcoholism as a risk factor for internalizing symptomatology, externalizing alcohol drug use in adolescence. We evaluated parents' children's reports symptomatology community sample 454 adolescents. The results showed that was moderate to strong factor, with stronger associated recent (rather than remitted) alcoholism. Multivariate analyses varied outcome measure. In predicting mediated by co-occurring psychopathology...

Cortisol regulation was investigated in a sample of school-aged maltreated (n = 167) and demographically comparable low-income nonmaltreated 204) boys girls the context day camp research program. The presence clinical-level internalizing externalizing symptomatology determined through adult report child self report. Children who exhibited problems only, comorbid extemalizing were identified. Clinical-level cases more prevalent among children. Maltreated children with distinguished by higher...

Several widely held beliefs about child abuse and neglect may be incorrect. It is most commonly assumed that some forms of (eg, physical sexual abuse) are more harmful than others emotional neglect); other assumptions each form has specific consequences the effects differ across sex race.

Cortisol regulation was investigated in a sample of school-aged maltreated ( n = 175) and demographically comparable low-income nonmaltreated 209) children the context day camp research program. Overall group differences between were not found for average morning or afternoon cortisol levels. However, significant variations that based on subtypes maltreatment had experienced. Maltreated who been both physically sexually abused (as well as neglected emotionally maltreated) exhibited...

Childhood maltreatment represents a complex stressor, with the developmental timing, duration, frequency, and type of varying each child (Barnett, Manly, & Cicchetti, 1993; Cicchetti 2001). Multiple brain regions neural circuits are disrupted by experience (Cicchetti Toth, in press; DeBellis et al., 2002; McCrory Viding, 2010; Teicher, Anderson, Polcari, 2012). These neurobiological compromises indicate impairment number important cognitive functions, including working memory inhibitory...

Research has shown that offspring of depressed caregivers are at increased risk for maladaptive development and emotional difficulties. Specifically, infants toddlers mothers have been to evidence higher percentages insecure attachments more behavioral difficulties than nondisordered mothers. However, even in studies reveal significant differences between children nondepressed caregivers, a substantial number with do not dysfunction. Such findings resulted attention the broader social...

The development of insecure attachment relationships in the offspring mothers with major depressive disorder (MDD) may initiate a negative trajectory leading to future psychopathology. Therefore, provision theoretically guided interventions designed promote secure is paramount importance. Mothers who had experienced MDD since their child's birth were recruited (n = 130) and randomized toddler-parent psychotherapy (DI) or control group (DC). Nondepressed no current history mental toddlers...

The present study investigated underlying processes of the effect maltreatment on psychopathology (i.e., internalizing and externalizing problems) in a group 111 maltreated 110 nonmaltreated 7-10 year-old children (60% boys). We tested moderating and/or mediating roles emotion regulation mother-child relationship quality (pattern relatedness) using Structural Equation Modeling. Emotion regulation, but not pattern relatedness, mediated relation between psychopathology. This mediation was...

Child maltreatment and biomarkers of allostatic load were investigated in relation to child health problems psychological symptomatology. Participants attended a summer research day camp included 137 maltreated 110 nonmaltreated low-income children, who aged 8 10 years (M = 9.42) racially ethnically diverse; 52% male. Measurements obtained salivary cortisol dehydroepiandosterone, body mass index, waist-hip ratio, blood pressure; these indicators provided composite index load. self-report...

Abstract Longitudinal effects of child maltreatment on cortisol regulation in infants from age 1 to 3 years were investigated the context a randomized preventive intervention trial. Thirteen-month-old maltreating families ( N = 91) and their mothers randomly assigned one three conditions: child–parent psychotherapy, psychoeducational parenting intervention, control group involving standard community services (CS). A fourth nonmaltreating 52) comprised nonmaltreated comparison (NC) group. The...

This investigation examined the associations between maltreatment and aggression using a gender‐informed approach. Peer ratings, peer nominations, counselor reports of were collected on 211 maltreated 199 nonmaltreated inner‐city youth ( M age = 9.9 years) during summer day camp. Maltreatment was associated with aggressive conduct; however, these effects qualified by gender, subtype, form under investigation. Findings revealed that physical for boys relational girls. Physical abuse...

Attachment security and internal representations of mothers, the mother—child relationship, were examined in an ethnically diverse economically disadvantaged sample maltreated (N = 92) nonmaltreated 31) preschool-aged children. Maltreated preschoolers had lower rates secure attachment higher disorganized than did preschoolers. Maltreatment also was associated with less positive global relationship relative to comparison group. Analyses conducted determine whether maltreatment characteristics...

Abstract Childhood maltreatment is a serious individual, familial, and societal threat that compromises healthy development associated with lasting alterations to emotion perception, processing, regulation (Cicchetti & Curtis, 2005; Pollak, Cicchetti, Hornung, Reed, 2000; Pollak Tolley-Schell, 2003). Individuals history of show altered structural functional brain in both frontal limbic structures (Hart Rubia, 2012). In particular, previous research has identified hyperactive amygdala...

Studies of positive and negative social ties usually are done in isolation each other, precluding an understanding their relative contributions to psychological functioning. This research evaluated the effects adolescents' conflict with support from key relationships (parents, siblings, best friends) on self-esteem, substance use, externalizing symptoms. Ss were 296 adolescents parents; 145 families had alcoholic fathers, 151 nonalcoholic parents. Support provided by network member showed...

A total of 80 low-socioeconomic status maltreated preschoolers were contrasted with 27 nonmaltreated on their narrative representations. The children completed story stems, taken from the MacArthur Story-Stem Battery (MSSB; I. Bretherton, D. Oppenheim, H. Buchsbaum, R. N. Emde, & Narrative Group, 1990), that introduced stressful family situations. Using coding manual (J. Robinson, L. Mantz-Simmons, J. Macfie, 1992), coders rated portrayals parental and child character responses, as well...

Abstract Thirteen-month-old maltreated infants ( n = 137) and their mothers were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: child–parent psychotherapy (CPP), psychoeducational parenting intervention (PPI), or community standard (CS). A fourth group nonmaltreated 52) served as a comparison (NC) group. prior investigation found that the CPP PPI groups demonstrated substantial increases in secure attachment at postintervention, whereas this change was not CS NC groups. The current involved...

In the present investigation, differential methylation analyses of whole genome were conducted among a sample 548 school-aged low-income children (47.8% female, 67.7% Black, M age = 9.40 years), 54.4% whom had history child maltreatment. context summer research camp, DNA samples via saliva obtained. Using GenomeStudio, Methylation Module, and Illumina Custom Model, revealed pattern greater at low sites (n 197 sites) medium 730 less high 907 maltreated children. The mean difference in between...

Abstract Prior research has found inconsistent evidence regarding the association among childhood adversity, inflammation, and internalizing symptoms, perhaps because previous studies have yet to adequately integrate important factors such as timing of genetic variation, other relevant processes neuroendocrine regulation. The aims present study were threefold: (a) determine whether effect child maltreatment on C-reactive protein (CRP), an inflammatory marker, varies by CRP gene variation;...