This paper describes the present status of high temperature superconductors (HTS) and bulk superconducting magnet devices, their use in bearings, flywheel energy storage systems (FESS) linear transport magnetic levitation (Maglev) systems. We report review concepts multi-seeded REBCO superconductor fabrication. The multi-grain bulks increase averaged trapped flux density up to 40% compared single-grain assembly large-scale applications. HTS bearings with permanent (PM) excitation were...

The electronic structure of Mo and oxides has been studied using ultraviolet X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. valence band spectrum Mo(100) is compared with calculations the density states (DOS). A fairly good agreement characteristic peak positions DOS maxima obtained. 3d core lines indicate well-defined MoO2 MoO3 oxidation binding energies respectively 0.9 to 5.0 eV higher than that metal. By comparing atomic photoionisation cross sections electron state occupation numbers experimental...

The electronic structure behaviour of Me2O3 oxides (Me = Ti, V, Cr) has been determined from XPS valence band and core level measurements. From Ti to Cr sesquioxide the relative intensity 3d increases systematically which can be explained by (atomic) photoelectric cross section number electrons. Simultaneously 3d-2p separation decreases indicating a more stronger overlap equivalent an enhanced covalent bonding component. different electrical properties among corundum are trigonal field...

Higher speed is the eternal goal of rail transit, and maglev an important development direction transit in future. High temperature superconducting (HTS) has potential for high-speed application because its non-friction, self-stabilization no inherent magnetic resistance forward direction. Different from low-speed operation, HTS system may face new problems application. Therefore, it necessary to study dynamic response at high speed. At present, influence various factors on under operation...

Flywheel energy storage systems (FESS) are expected to contribute uninterruptible power supplies (UPS) and quality tasks significantly. We present design the component results of a compact 5 kWh/250 kW HTS flywheel whereby rotor will be totally magnetically stabilized. The is optimized for highly integrated functionality body, generator/motor bearings. heart FESS an ironless high PM delivering 250 kW. An advanced body manufactured from graphite fiber stabilized by two magnetic A prototype...

ATZ Company has successfully developed high temperature superconducting (HTS) magnetic bearings for power energy application and high-speed machinery. Journal-type design improved HTS properties increasingly fulfill industrial prototype requirements. Maximum load up to 1.1 ton, stiffnesses in 3-4 kN/mm level, simultaneous self-stabilization axial radial directions, largegap operation of 5-6 mm reliable machine cooling the 50-60 K region characterize present progress bearings. A 200 bearing...

After clarifying the essential characteristics of multiseeded YBCO bulk in previous work, that is, existence strongly connected or coupled grain boundaries between two grains by means intergrain super current with a big flowing loop size, this paper proceeds to report its achievable performance actual excitation conditions working as trapped-field magnets levitation devices. Besides evaluation trapped-flux most popular methods, namely, static field-cooling magnetization (FCM) and...

Superconducting fault current limiters (SCFCL) offer an attractive means to limit short-circuit currents in power systems. Comparisons of available HTS material led the derision investigate melt cast processed (MCP) BSCCO and textured polycrystalline YBCO for use resistive SCFCLs. As a great length superconductor per unit element is preferred, samples are shaped as bifilar coils prepared from tubes manufactured meander geometry. Test results concerning contact resistances, E-J curves, AC...

Recent investigations show that high Tc bulk material is an attractive option in resistive superconducting fault current limiters. Our investigation focuses on the short-circuit behavior of long samples MCP-BSCCO2212 and polycrystalline melt-textured YBCO. The experiments have been performed for different operating temperatures, duration prospective currents. measurements demonstrate a metallic bypass needed to avoid destructive hot spots during quench. Quench limitation tests bifilar coils...

Adelwitz Technologiezentrum (ATZ) and L-3 Communications Magnet Motor (L-3 MM) are currently mounting a compact-designed flywheel energy storage system (FESS) with total magnetic bearing support. Final assembly test operation were performed during 2008-2009. After calculations experiments, we decided to improve rotor stabilization by stiffer geometry. In addition, two dynamical emergency bearings contribute robust safe in critical revolution-per-minute situations. A planned capacity of 5 kWh...

The strongly connected or coupled grain boundaries (GBs) between adjacent grains and their macroembodiment as flowing intergrain supercurrents crossing the GBs inside multi- seeded bulk high-temperature superconductors were elucidated by trapped-flux evaluation. Trapped-fleld measurements, after cutting polishing two multiseeded YBCO samples, conducted to present existence of distribution along c-axis growth. intensive density observed near GB areas whole sample is direct evidence a GB....

We report about the use of trapped-field HTS bulk Maglev above a PM guideway. Guideway and superconductors need robust design safe operation at LN <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> cryogenic temperatures. Cryogenic refrigeration in compact cryostat has been successfully proved. First generation 40-cm-long vacuum cryostats are capable to suspend mechanical loads up 2.5 kN per module 1 cm magnetic The self-weight-to-load...

The considerable development effort of HTS magnetic bearings with respect to heavy loads is demonstrated. Radial type 200 mm bearing in an optimized design was developed for implementation a new 5 kWh superconducting flywheel energy storage system. A prototype bearing, consisting modular assembled melt textured YBCO bulk hollow cylinder permanent magnet rotor presented. Axial displacement causes pinning forces 8 and 10 kN axially at temperature 78 K 71 K, respectively. Maximum radial are 4.7...

Abstract X‐ray (XS) and photoelectron (XPS) spectra are reported for vanadium oxides. Because of the multivalent character in oxide system high quality measurements can be used chemical shift investigation. Both inner level valence band spectroscopy give information on electronic structure their systematic change with increasing oxidation state. The experimental results discussed favourable terms molecular orbital theory (MO‐theory). complete set XS XPS data here V‐oxides allows...

The progress of heavy-load HTS bearings depends on improvements in design, material quality and reliable cooling. We have constructed, manufactured tested a 200 mm journal bearing with thermally encapsulated YBCO ring. For maximum force the larger gap due to cryostat (>4 mm) requires adjustment magnetic excitation pole distance Fe collector shim thickness. is obtained by top-seeded single- or multiple-grain growth which increases averaged trapped flux density. Successful ring radial c axis...

Abstract The adsorption, chemisorption and oxide formation of molecular oxygen was studied on the (100) surface molybdenum single crystal by following changes in Mo 3d photoelectron lines characteristic losses EELS. For estimation content, both XPS AES were applied. At room temperature content saturates rapidly resulting a small broadening lines. In EELS one loss line detected sensitive to exposure. estimated maximum coverage approaches two monolayers. When increasing exposure stays quite...

Bulk high-temperature superconductors (HTSs) that act as a trap field magnet establish novel type of magnetic source, which is significantly different from permanent or solenoid; therefore, they can be potentially used in magnetic-force-based applications. However, the primary issues related to commercial use bulk HTS technology are established on enhancement trapped fields, well their reliability and reproducibility at temperatures achievable with off-the-shelf cryocoolers. This study...

A 250 kW / 5 kWh engineering prototype Flywheel Energy Storage System (FESS) was designed, fabricated and component tested by Adelwitz Technologiezentrum GmbH (ATZ) L-3 Communications Magnet - Motor (MM). heavy load vertical 0.6 ton rotor is suspended totally magnetically an HTS radial-passive bearing on the top together with a PM at bottom. Further features are flywheel body which manufactured from carbon fibre reinforced plastics (CFRP) in multi-rim version combined integrated high-power...

We have tested a heavy load HTS radial bearing dedicated for use in motors, generators, and flywheels. The is of type design providing both axial support. stator rotor are modular assemblies which allows up-scaling size. superconducting made polycrystalline melt-textured (pmt) YBCO 200 mm inner diameter hollow cylinder grown cylinder-like a-b texture. assembly composed axially stacked rings Cu tube cooled from the outside by LN/sub 2/. consists annular PM compression on shaft. This results...

The status of bulk superconductor magnetic levitation (Maglev) train technique is evaluated. Existing industrial trains (electromagnetic, electrodynamic) point to key performance factors as load, speed, efficiency, and environmental protection. On that basis, a feasibility analysis trapped-field demonstrators should be attained. HTS trapped field experiments at lower temperatures up 6.8 T were performed the mass production capability indicated. For increasing transport new generation robust...

By applying high-rate copper electroplating technique the reliable fabrication of a stabilizer on coated conductor with an 1 μm Ag cap is investigated. The obtained mechanical, electrical and encapsulation properties due to 20 thick Cu surface improve practical technical performance. A sulphate CuSO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> based pulse plating capable deposit micrometer layer in fast continuous non-vacuum process....