Abstract Cost‐effective surveillance strategies are needed for efficient responses to biological invasions and must account the trade‐offs between effort management costs. Less may allow greater population growth spread prior detection, thereby increasing costs of damages control. In addition, usually applied in environments under continual invasion pressure where number, size location established populations unknown detection. We develop a novel modeling framework that accounts these...

BACKGROUND The number of insect eradication programmes is rising in response to globalisation. A database arthropod and plant pathogen eradications covers 1050 incursion responses, with 928 on 299 pest disease taxa 104 countries (global b3.net.nz/gerda). METHODS subset the was assembled 211 or against 17 species fruit flies (Tephritidae) 31 countries, order investigate factors affecting outcome. RESULTS failure rate for fly about 7%, 0% Ceratitis capitata (n = 85 programmes) two Anastrepha...

Wood borers and bark beetles are among the most serious forest pests worldwide. Many such species have become successful invaders, often causing substantial, costly damages to forests. Here we design evaluate cost-efficiency of a trap-based surveillance program for early detection wood at risk establishing in New Zealand. Although costly, could lead earlier newly established pests, thereby increasing likelihood eradication reducing control costs from future invasions. We develop mechanistic...

Abstract We explore models for the management of invertebrate pests by enhancing efficacy or local abundance existing natural enemies. Different aspects enemy biology had different effects on prey density. Enhancement search rate conversion efficiency showed greatest potential reducing density, while maximum consumption predators, and parasitoid fecundity, less effect. The effect density increased longevity depended its interaction with other parameters. degree manipulation needed to achieve...

CRISPR gene drives have potential for widespread and cost-efficient pest control, but are highly controversial. We examined a drive targeting spermatogenesis to control the invasive common wasp (Vespula vulgaris) in New Zealand. Vespula wasps haplodiploid. Their life cycle makes production challenging, as nests initiated by single fertilized queens spring followed several cohorts of sterile female workers reproductives autumn. show that different genes levels variation between introduced...

In the environmental sciences, there are ongoing efforts to combine multiple models assist analysis of complex systems. Combining process-based models, which have encoded domain knowledge, with machine learning can flexibly adapt input data, improve modeling capabilities. However, both types data limitations. We propose a methodology overcome these issues by using model generate aggregating them lower resolution mimic real situations, and developing fraction inputs. showcase this method case...

Abstract This paper proposes a surveillance model for plant pests that can optimally allocate resources among survey tools with varying properties. While some are highly specific the detection of single pest species, others more generalized. There is considerable variation in cost and sensitivity these tools, but there no guidelines or frameworks identifying which most cost‐effective when used programs target newly invaded populations. To address this gap, we applied our to design trapping...

Abstract Currently there are some 187 plant species, almost all exotic in origin, occurring as "weeds" pastures New Zealand. Judging from their occurrence scientific papers published the proceedings of Zealand Plant Protection Society, 65 these species are, or have been considered historically, to be significant pastoral weeds. While 34 weeds currently being managed under Regional Pest Management Strategies, 15 regionally apparently un‐researched Zealand, implying that management does not a...

Summary A possible explanation for low success rates when introducing natural enemies to new regions biological control of insect pests is that they fail adapt their conditions. Therefore it has been widely recommended practitioners increase the probability local adaptation by maximizing genetic variation released. An alternative recommendation use climate matching identify native populations may already possess traits suited region. However, support these recommendations weak through lack...

BACKGROUND The identification of new attractants can present opportunities for developing mass trapping, but standard screening methods are needed to expedite this. We have developed a simple approach based on quantifying trap interference in 4 × arrays with different spacings. discuss results from sex pheromones Lepidoptera (light brown apple moth, Epiphyas postvittana), Diptera (apple leaf curling midge, Dasineura mali) and Homoptera (citrophilous mealybug, Pseudococcus calceolariae),...

Effective surveillance for early detection of invasive alien species in natural ecosystems, or on valued plants found modified areas, could prevent potentially devastating and costly impacts (whether environmental, economic cultural) new invasions the invaded country. Surveillance technologies are often constrained by a range factors. Determining which present significant risk before they reach border is an effective strategy to minimize possibility invasion and/or impact invasion. sentinel...

Simple logistic models are used to investigate and compare the effects of continuous control by culling or sterilisation on population density. The consider populations regulated density-dependent mortality recruitment, with monogamous polygamous mating systems, one both sexes sterilised. For first time, an analytical solution is presented for effect growth. suggest that system has a considerable relative efficacy sterilisation, previous may have overestimated impact assuming idealised...

Abstract Several tephritid fruit flies have explosive population growth and a wide host range, resulting in some of the largest impacts on horticultural crops, reducing marketable produce, limiting market access. For these pests, early detection eradication are routinely implemented vulnerable areas. However, social consumer concerns can limit types management tools available for fly incursion responses. Deterministic models were used to compare at typical densities alone combination against...

A population model was derived for light brown apple moth, Epiphyas postvittana (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), subject to the sterile insect technique (SIT). The parameterized from literature and recent laboratory studies conducted in New Zealand Australia. Relationships were fitted several parameters that vary with irradiation dose, allowing simulate effectively complete sterility at 300 Gy through inherited occurring lower doses. At Gy, suggests eventual extinction is 95% probable...