Diindeno[1,2,3,4-defg;1',2',3',4'-mnop]chrysenes 2 were straightforwardly prepared in around 20% yield from 9,10-diarylphenanthrenes 3 by palladium-catalyzed intramolecular arylations. The bowl-to-bowl inversion barrier for buckybowl 2-iPr is predicted to be approximately 7 kcal mol(-1) based on density functional theory calculations and this value consistent with the results of a variable-temperature (1)H-NMR study.

Bimorph-type bending actuators have been widely used in many applications as converters of electric input to mechanical motion, or vice versa. In this paper a new piezoelectric model multilayer cantilever is obtained, and the analytic expressions for curvature, displacement tip-deflection structure are derived static state. With use solution, tip-deflections bimorph different working situations compared effect metal electrodes on considered. The above-mentioned methods conclusions can be...

Real-world systems, such as manufacturing or computer can be modeled multistate network (MSN) consisting of arcs with stochastic capacity. Network reliability for an MSN is described the probability that system meet demand. The demand level d computed in terms minimal path (calledd-MP). However, efficiently calculating challenging large-scale networks. Deep learning approaches are rapidly advancing several areas technology, significant applications image recognition, parameter adjustment,...

Rice straw is not easy to decompose, it takes a long time compost, and the anaerobic bacteria involved in decomposition process produce large amount of carbon dioxide (CO2), indicating that applications for rice need be developed. Recycling agricultural crops an opportunity increase sustainability grain production. Several studies have shown probiotic population gradually decreases soil, leading increased risk plant diseases decreased biomass yield. Because microorganisms soil are related...

Use of a ballast is still popular in railway engineering due to its resilience, relatively low noise, and convenience construction maintenance. The layer was modeled with two modeling approaches this study–continuous elastic solid spring-connected elements. Two-dimensional finite element models were built. parameters layers correlated between assure comparability. Three levels vehicle moving speed analyzed the models. Significant differences rail deflection found all levels. Vibration...

Based on the nonlinear creep model and Kalker's linear theory, this paper studies governing differential equations of motion for a tilting railway vehicle moving over irregular curved tracks under wind loads. The is modeled by 24-degree-of-freedom (24-DOF) car system, considering lateral, roll yaw motions each wheelset, vertical, bogie frame body. derailment quotients with wheelsets rails in lateral direction body acted upon loads are investigated various angles. analysis results show that...

Conclusions Aperturbationmethodusingacorrectionintransformationispresented to improve the condensation solution. The method proved be effective and is recommended as a postprocessor of condensation. Theoretically, perturbation solution should approach exact eigenvalue from above. In practice, however, truncation error in linear equation causes approximation overshoot Inclusion several lowest terms can provide excellent estimations for both mode shape changes. One most dife cult problems rate...

This paper formulates the derivative of buckling load with respect to intermediate constraint locations. These constraints include spring supports and pinned supports. The analysis is based on generalized energy functional, which includes product Lagrange multipliers boundary conditions. results show that position proportional force between structure as well spatial slope associated mode at position. With combination this formula Courant maximum-minimum principle, an interesting theorem...

This paper presents a procedure for modal reanalysis of structures with topological modifications. The is based on the results initial analysis original structure. It necessary modifications increase joints and number degrees freedom. research show that proposed method effective easy to implement computer.

We report the experimental results of evaporative cooling effect a novel piezoelectric droplet actuator designed for free space utilizing dynamic infrared thermographs as their space-time courses temperatures recorded. These droplets pure water were jetted working liquid an evaporating system comprising PZT micro-actuator, controller and delivery circulation air with space. Cyclic tests demonstrated that these micro well performed effectively. The such was studied by high-performance imager...

In this work, we study characteristics of 14-nm-gate InGaAs-based trigate MOSFET (metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor) devices with a channel capping layer. The impacts thickness and gallium (Ga) concentration the layer on device characteristic are firstly simulated optimized by using three-dimensional quantum-mechanically corrected simulation. Devices In1−xGaxAs/In0.53Ga0.47As channels have large driving current owing to small energy band gap low alloy scattering at surface....

Given a set of axis-aligned rectangles in the plane, this paper presents an algorithm for removal rectangle containment as well enclosures.That is, given query R q , removes all k . ., l from that are contained .It also if there is j encloses .The algorithm, initially implemented spline generation using building blocks, fast, easy to implement and maintain, it can be run on parallel machines such GPUs at no extra cost, but requires memory store indexes quick access space partitioning.

In battery packet, a capacity behind will seriously affect the life of pack. One simplest and most effective ways to ensure pack consistency is focus on matching batteries. This paper presents method lead-acid recycle based graph cuts algorithm it can save manpower reduce errors. order meet needs different enterprises products, this adjust conditions at any time. Compared with traditional method, improve success rate 10% complete in less time has better promotional practical value.