A5074081390- Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
- Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
- Radio Astronomy Observations and Technology
- Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
- Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
- Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
- Scientific Research and Discoveries
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Superconducting and THz Device Technology
- Relativity and Gravitational Theory
- Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations
- Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Radioactive Decay and Measurement Techniques
- Calibration and Measurement Techniques
- Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Advanced Differential Geometry Research
- Statistical and numerical algorithms
- Computational Physics and Python Applications
- Adaptive optics and wavefront sensing
- Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Studies
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
2014-2023
California Institute of Technology
2013-2022
University of Manchester
2019
University of Coimbra
2009-2017
Hospitais da Universidade de Coimbra
2013-2017
Agenzia Spaziale Italiana
2012
Aalto University
2012
European Space Research Institute
2012
Infrared Processing and Analysis Center
2008-2009
Space Information Laboratories (United States)
2009
This book lays out the scientific goals to be addressed by next-generation ground-based cosmic microwave background experiment, CMB-S4, envisioned consist of dedicated telescopes at South Pole, high Chilean Atacama plateau and possibly a northern hemisphere site, all equipped with new superconducting cameras. CMB-S4 will dramatically advance cosmological studies crossing critical thresholds in search for B-mode polarization signature primordial gravitational waves, determination number...
Background Imaging of Cosmic Extragalactic Polarization (Bicep) is a bolometric polarimeter designed to measure the inflationary B-mode polarization cosmic microwave background (CMB) at degree angular scales. During three seasons observing South Pole (2006 through 2008), Bicep mapped ∼2% sky chosen be uniquely clean polarized foreground emission. Here, we present initial results derived from subset data acquired during first two years. We maps temperature, Stokes Q and U, E B modes,...
The Probe of Inflation and Cosmic Origins (PICO) is a proposed probe-scale space mission consisting an imaging polarimeter operating in frequency bands between 20 800 GHz. We describe the science achievable by PICO, which has sensitivity equivalent to more than 3300 Planck missions, technical implementation, schedule cost.
We present a system-level description of the Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) considered as differencing polarimeter, and evaluate its expected performance. The LFI is one two instruments on board ESA <i>Planck<i/> mission to study cosmic microwave background. It consists set 22 radiometers sensitive linear polarisation, arranged in orthogonally-oriented pairs connected 11 feed horns operating at 30, 44 70 GHz. In our analysis, generic Jones Mueller-matrix formulations for polarimetry are...
A new fast Bayesian approach is introduced for the detection of discrete objects immersed in a diffuse background. This method, called PowellSnakes, speeds up traditional techniques by: i) replacing standard form likelihood parameters characterizing by an alternative exact that much quicker to evaluate; ii) using simultaneous multiple minimization code based on Powell's direction set algorithm locate rapidly local maxima posterior; and iii) deciding whether each located posterior peak...
Cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarimeters aspire to measure the faint B-mode signature predicted arise from inflationary gravitational waves. They also have potential constrain cosmic birefringence, rotation of polarization CMB arising parity-violating physics, which would produce nonzero expectation values for CMB's temperature correlation (TB) and E-mode (EB) spectra. However, instrumental systematic effects can cause these TB EB correlations be nonzero. In particular, an overall...
Our current understanding of the Universe is established through pristine measurements structure in cosmic microwave background (CMB) and distribution shapes galaxies tracing large scale (LSS) Universe. One key ingredient that underlies cosmological observables field sources observed assumed to be initially Gaussian with high precision. Nevertheless, a minimal deviation from Gaussianityis perhaps most robust theoretical prediction models explain Universe; itis necessarily present even...
Higher-dimensional theories have the remarkable feature of predicting a time (and hence redshift) dependence ``fundamental'' four dimensional constants on cosmological scales. In this paper, we update bounds possible variation fine structure constant $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ at big bang nucleosynthesis $(z\ensuremath{\sim}{10}^{10})$ and cosmic microwave background (CMB) $(z\ensuremath{\sim}{10}^{3}).$ Using recently released high-resolution CMB anisotropy data latest estimates primordial...
A key prediction of cosmological theories for the origin and evolution structure in Universe is existence a ‘Doppler peak’ angular power spectrum cosmic microwave background (CMB) fluctuations. We present new results from study recent CMB observations which provide first strong evidence localized both scale amplitude. This estimate position peak used to place direct limit on curvature Universe, corresponding density , consistent with flat universe. Very low-density ‘open’ universe models are...
We have detected the four 18 cm OH lines from $z\ensuremath{\sim}0.765$ gravitational lens toward PMN J0134--0931. The 1612 and 1720 MHz are in conjugate absorption emission, providing a laboratory to test evolution of fundamental constants over large lookback time. compare HI main line redshifts different components absorber $z\ensuremath{\sim}0.685$ $\mathrm{B}0218+357$ place stringent constraints on changes...
The Background Imaging of Cosmic Extragalactic Polarization (Bicep) experiment was designed specifically to search for the signature inflationary gravitational waves in polarization cosmic microwave background (CMB). Using a novel small-aperture refractor and 49 pairs polarization-sensitive bolometers, Bicep has completed three years successful observations at South Pole beginning 2006 February. To constrain amplitude B-mode polarization, which is expected be least 7 orders magnitude fainter...
Precise measurement of the angular power spectrum Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature and polarization anisotropy can tightly constrain many cosmological models parameters. However, accurate measurements only be realized in practice provided all major systematic effects have been taken into account. Beam asymmetry, coupled with scan strategy, is a source error scanning CMB experiments such as Planck, focus our current interest. We envision Monte Carlo methods to rigorously study...
The Probe of Inflation and Cosmic Origins (PICO) is an imaging polarimeter that will scan the sky for 5 years in 21 frequency bands spread between 799 GHz. It produce full-sky surveys intensity polarization with a final combined-map noise level 0.87 $\mu$K arcmin required specifications, equivalent to 3300 Planck missions, our current best-estimate would have 0.61 (6400 missions). PICO either determine energy scale inflation by detecting tensor scalar ratio at $r=5\times 10^{-4}~(5\sigma)$,...
Currently, 19 transiting exoplanets have published transmission spectra obtained with the Hubble/WFC3 G141 near-IR grism. Using this sample, we undertaken a uniform analysis incorporating measurement-error debiasing of spectral modulation due to H$_{2}$O, measured in terms estimated atmospheric scale height, ${H_s}$. For those planets reported H$_{2}$O detection (10 out 19), ranges from 0.9 2.9~${H_s}$ mean value 1.8~$\pm$~0.5~${H_s}$. This is significantly less than predicted for clear...
Introdução: A acne grave e a rosácea são condições dermatológicas inflamatórias crônicas, com impactos significativos na qualidade de vida. Terapias convencionais, como antibióticos retinóides, frequentemente apresentam efeitos colaterais ou resistência, impulsionando busca por alternativas. Nesse contexto, o uso luz LED terapias fotobiomoduladoras ganhou destaque, fundamentado em mecanismos modulação da resposta inflamatória, redução atividade das glândulas sebáceas ação bactericida....
We perform a likelihood analysis of the recently released BOOMERanG and MAXIMA data, allowing for possibility time-varying fine-structure constant. find that in general these data prefer value \ensuremath{\alpha} was smaller past (which is agreement with measurements from quasar observations). However, there are some interesting degeneracies problem which imply strong statements about cannot be made using this method until independent accurate determinations...
A simple method is presented for the rapid simulation of statistically isotropic non-Gaussian maps cosmic microwave background temperature fluctuations with a given power spectrum and analytically calculable bispectrum higher-order polyspectra. The nth-order correlators pixel values may also be calculated analytically. cumulants simulated map used to obtain an expression probability density function temperatures. statistical properties are determined by univariate distribution, from which...
We present a detailed analysis of and future cosmic microwave background (CMB) constraints the value fine-structure constant, α. carry out more WMAP first-year data, deriving state-of-the-art on α discussing various other issues, such as possible hints for running spectral index. find, at 95 per cent confidence level, that 0.95 < αdec/α0 1.02. Setting dnS/d ln k= 0 yields 0.94 1.01 previously reported. find lower makes compatible with data. also perform thorough Fisher matrix (including both...
In this report we discuss the impact of polarized foregrounds on a future CMBPol satellite mission. We review our current knowledge Galactic emission at microwave frequencies, including synchrotron and thermal dust emission. use existing data understanding physical behavior sources foreground to generate sky templates, start assess how well primordial gravitational wave signals can be separated from contaminants for At estimated minimum ~100 GHz, are expected lower than polarization signal...
Gravitational lensing of the cosmic microwave background by large‐scale structure in late universe is both a source cosmological information and potential contaminant primordial gravity waves. Because imprints growth on CMB, measurements CMB will constrain parameters to which would not otherwise be sensitive, such as neutrino mass.In polarization, gravitational largest guaranteed B‐mode (or curl‐like) polarization. Future polarization experiments with sufficient sensitivity measure B‐modes...