The continuous fractional Fourier transform (FRFT) performs a spectrum rotation of signal in the time-frequency plane, and it becomes an important tool for time-varying analysis. A discrete has been developed by Santhanam McClellan (see ibid., vol.42, p.994-98, 1996) but its results do not match those corresponding transforms. We propose new (DFRFT). DFRFT DFT Hermite eigenvectors retains eigenvalue-eigenfunction relation as continous FRFT. To obtain eigenvectors, two orthogonal projection...

In this paper, the design of a fractional order FIR differentiator is investigated. First, derivative power function defined. Then, impulse response obtained by solving linear equations Vandermonde form. Finally, one example used to demonstrate that derivatives digital signals are easily computed using proposed filtering technique.

An adaptive FIR filter based on the least mean p-power error (MPE) criterion is investigated. First, some useful properties of MPE function are studied. Three main results as follows: 1) a convex coefficients; so it has no local minima. 2) When input process and desired both Gaussian processes, then same optimum solution conventional Wiener for any p. 3) non-Gaussian may have better than solution. Next, (LMP) algorithm derived application examples presented. Consequently, when signal...

Deploying femtocell networks embedded in the Macrocell coverage greatly benefits communication quality variety manners. However, lack of schemes to effectively mitigate detractive interference, fully utilize radio resources and provide quality-of-service (QoS) guarantee (in terms delay) creates challenges practically facilitate concept femtocell. To tackle these achieve a successful dense deployment, this paper proposes cognitive resource management (CRRM) scheme which is inspired by spirit...

Cognitive radio (CR) dynamically accessing inactive spectrum of the primary system (PS) at link level has attracted a lot research interests. The cognitive network (CRN) organized by multiple CRs been considered as an emerging wireless communication technology. In order to efficiently utilize spectrum, access schemes CRN shall be together with physical layer (PHY) transmission schemes. this paper, we propose novel class carrier sense (CSMA) based MAC protocols for while PS is also operating...

In this brief, the minimax design problem of graph filter using Chebyshev polynomial approximation (CPA) is studied. First, conventional CPA investigated to show that it does not provide design, so peak error spectral response designed minimized. Then, a transformation used convert into one type-I linear-phase FIR digital such Parks-McClellan method can be employed obtain optimal coefficients design. Next, recurrence relation polynomials, an implementation structure with low computational...

In this paper, a weighted least-squares method is presented to design one-dimensional and two-dimensional variable fractional delay allpass filters. First, each coefficient of the filter expressed as polynomial parameter. Then, nonlinear phase error approximated by equation such that cost function can be converted into quadratic form. Next, minimizing error, optimal coefficients obtained iteratively solving set linear simultaneous equations at iteration. Finally, examples are demonstrated...

This paper is concerned with the definitions of discrete fractional Hartley transform (DFRHT) and Fourier (DFRFT). First, eigenvalues eigenvectors matrices are investigated. Then, results eigendecompositions used to define DFRHT DFRFT. Also, an important relationship between DFRFT described, numerical examples illustrated demonstrate that proposed a better approximation continuous than conventional defined Finally, filtering technique in domain applied remove chirp interference.

In this paper, a new comb filter design method using fractional sample delay is presented. First, the specification of transformed into that design. Then, conventional finite impulse response (FIR) and allpass techniques are directly applied to with specification. Next, we develop constrained approach improve performance direct method. Finally, several examples an experiment power line interference removal in electrocardiogram (ECG) signal demonstrated illustrate effectiveness approach.

A new technique for IIR multiple notch filter design is proposed. The specification of first transformed into that allpass filter. Then, we develop an effective approach to this desired realization proposed equivalent the Due mirror-image symmetry relation between numerator and denominator polynomials filter, can be realized by a computationally efficient lattice structure with very low sensitivity. Moreover, some examples are presented examine effectiveness method.

In this paper, the design problems and applications of fractional Hilbert transformer (FHT) are investigated. First, conventional is generalized to FHT. Its corresponding analytic signal also defined construct a single-sideband (SSB) for saving communication bandwidth. Then, several methods presented finite infinite impulse response FHTs including transformer-based method, all-pass filter-based optimization methods, etc. Next, we propose secure SSB in which order FHT used as secret key...

In this paper, a digital fractional-order differentiator (FOD) is designed by using fractional sample delay. To improve the design accuracy of conventional differencing and Tustin methods at high frequency regions, integer delay replaced By well-documented finite-impulse-response Lagrange, infinite impulse response allpass, Farrow filters, proposed FOD can be implemented easily even though introduced. Several examples are illustrated to demonstrate effectiveness method.

In this paper, conventional real coefficient adaptive notch filters (ANF's) are extended to complex ones. This filter is implemented as a constrained IIR using Gauss-Newton type algorithm adjust its coefficients. When the ANF applied estimate frequencies of sinusoids embedded in white noise. The results show that has fast convergence, small bias, and achieves Cramer-Rao bound. Furthermore, used parameters multiple chirp signals. Simulation also demonstrate very good performance. Finally,...

This study presents a hierarchical lane detection system with the ability to deal both structured and unstructured roads. The proposed classifies environment first before applying suitable algorithms for different types of Instead dealing all situations one complicated algorithm, this architecture makes it possible achieve high accuracy relatively simple efficient algorithms. For classification, pixels lane-marking colours are extracted as feature points. Eigenvalue decomposition regularised...

In recent years, the development of automatic traffic surveillance system has received great attention in academic and industrial research. Based on computer vision technology, purpose this work is to construct highway for estimating parameters, such as vehicle counting classification. The proposed mainly consists three steps including region extraction, tracking, background subtraction method firstly utilized extract foreground regions from scene. Some geometric properties are applied...

In this paper, the computation of graph Fourier transform centrality (GFTC) complex network using filter is presented. For conventional method, it needs to use non-sparse matrix (GFT) compute GFTC scores. To reduce computational complexity GFTC, a linear algebra method based on Frobenius norm error applied convert spectral-domain task vertex-domain one such that can be computed by polynomial filtering method. There are two kinds designs filters studied. One graph-aware method; other...

In this paper, the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of generalized discrete Fourier transform (GDFT), Hartley (GDHT), type-IV cosine (DCT-IV), sine (DST-IV) matrices are investigated in a unified framework. First, their multiplicities GDFT matrix determined, theory commuting is applied to find real, symmetric, orthogonal set that constitutes counterpart Hermite Gaussian function. Then, results relationships among these four unitary transforms used eigenproperties GDHT, DCT-IV, DST-IV matrices....

In this paper, the least p-power error criterion is presented to design digital infinite impulse response (IIR) filters have an arbitrarily prescribed frequency response. First, iterative quadratic programming (QP) method used a stable unconstrained one-dimensional IIR filter whose optimal coefficients are obtained by solving QP problem in each iteration. Then, proposed extended constrained and two-dimensional with separable denominator polynomial. Finally, examples of low-pass demonstrated...

In the conventional designs of orthogonal graph filter bank, both eigenvalues and eigenvectors Laplacian matrix are assumed to be unknown such that bank can efficiently implemented by using polynomial filters; is, output signal at each vertex is computed only from its K -hop neighbourhoods. However, disadvantage these methods designed does not have exact perfect reconstruction (PR). this study, authors first assume known but still unknown. Then, solving simultaneous equation or Lagrange...