Soft actuators that exhibit large deformation and can move at a fast speed in response to external stimuli have been high demand for biomimetic applications. In this paper, we propose convenient approach fabricate reversible thermal-responsive composite hydrogel. Under the irradiation of visible light, striped hydrogel bend up 65.72°/s with carbon nanotubes loaded concentration 3 mg/mL. A jellyfish-like miniature soft robot is made using When driven by maximum 3.37 mm/s. Besides swimming,...

We present a novel method to grow uniform Cl-incorporated perovskite absorber layer using mixed halide source by modified two-step process.

Photovoltaic (PV) technologies have attracted great interest due to their capability of generating electricity directly from sunlight. Machine learning (ML) is a technique for computer learn how perform specific task using known data. It can be used in many areas and has become hot research topic recently the rapid accumulation data advancement hardware. The application ML techniques design fabrication solar cells started slowly but gained tremendous momentum. An exhaustive compilation...

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are that efficient, low cost, and simple to fabricate. Over the last 9 years, researchers have conducted in-depth research on PSCs increase their photoelectric conversion efficiency from 3.8% 24.2%. potential replace traditional energy sources in future. However, stability of these is poor, which limits practical applications, because perovskite material susceptible degradation by environmental factors, such as moisture, heat, oxygen. In our review, some studies...

Abstract The kesterite Cu 2 ZnSn(S 1– x Se ) 4 (CZTSSe) thin film solar cell has been developed rapidly due to its excellence in structural and optical properties abundance raw materials. Both vacuum‐based solution‐based methods have successfully employed fabricate CZTSSe cells. In this Letter, we report an environmentally friendly, water‐based, solution process for fabrication of high‐efficiency High quality is obtained by selenization under high temperature vapor. An efficiency 6.2%...

An accurate power output prediction of the photovoltaic system is pivotal to eliminate extra cost and negative impact in utility grid integrated with sources. The a predicted by introducing long short-term memory method. Moreover, influence noise data on results eliminated empirical mode decomposition. To further improve accuracy stability method, parameters neural networks are determined sine cosine algorithm. performances method terms root mean square error, absolute coefficient...

With the rapid improvement in efficiencies of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), understanding their working mechanisms becomes more and critical for further optimization. In this work, Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) is utilized to characterize surface potential (SP) distribution on cross-sectional planar PSCs. Devices with regular structure Indium Tin Oxide (ITO)/ZnO/perovskite/2,2',7,-7'-tetrakis(N,N-di-p-methoxyphenylamine)-9,9'-spirobifluorene (spiro-OMeTAD)/Au inverted Fluorine doped...

The introduction of Cl into CH3NH3PbI3 precursors is reported to enhance the performance solar cell, which attributed significantly increased diffusion lengths carriers in CH3NH3Pb(I,Cl)3 cell. It has been assumed but never experimentally approved that defect density cell should be reduced according higher carrier lifetime observed from photoluminescence (PL) measurement. We have fabricated by adding a small amount source precursor. improved 15.39% 18.60%. Results scanning electron...

The introduction of excess PbI2 into CH3NH3PbI3 precursors has been reported to boost the efficiency solar cell. It was assumed that helped reduce defect density in In this work, by adding non-equimolar precursor solution, PbI2-rich cells have fabricated. cell significantly improved from 14.14% 16.80%. Results obtained scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicate does not affect morphological crystal properties thin film. Based on time-resolved photoluminescence...

Recombination processes in Al-PSCs have been minimized by using ‘thickness-free’ post modification.

Although dielectrophoretic (DEP) assembly has been demonstrated to be an efficient way align nanowires or nanotubes for making nanodevices based on one-dimensional nanostructures, misalignment is often observed in experimental implementation. This unfavorable observation discourages researchers' enthusiasm devices by DEP. To make DEP a controllable fashion, theoretical and simulation studies are indispensable. However, traditional analysis zero-dimensional model derived from the interaction...

Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 (CZTS) has attracted intensive interest for application in photovoltaic technology due to its excellent semiconductor properties. We report a nanostructured CZTS solar cell which was fabricated by infiltrating of nanoparticles into CdS coated ZnO nanorod arrays. The well aligned nanorods facilitate the efficient infiltration nanoparticles. A hole transport layer deposited holes. demonstrated remarkably high short‐circuit current density (11.0 mA/cm ). As result, power conversion...

The power conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells has exceeded 22% within a few years. To further optimize their performance, the focus should be on minimizing defects and barriers in devices. In this work, Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) together with admittance spectroscopy (AS) is utilized characterization charge injection states cells. Our measurements indicate that defect level 0.25 eV above its valance band. addition, are present interface between electron transporting...

Nanoscale morphology of the active layer in organic solar cells (OSCs) plays a significant role affecting overall performance OSCs. In this work, by using domain size to describe change with different annealing temperatures, influence nanoscale OSCs is intensively studied. Also, machine learning utilized investigating relation between and temperature. The realization mapping sizes their temperatures bridging simulation work actual fabrication process, indicating that optimized obtained...

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods with branches are synthesised through facile hydrothermal approach at relatively low temperature. With the prepared ZnO nanostructures as hole‐blocking layer, organic solar cells based on poly(3‐hexylthiophene): 1‐(3‐methoxycarbonyl)propyl‐1‐phenyl[6,6]C61 fabricated. For comparison, devices planar thin film and bare manufactured well. J – V curves show that best device performance is achieved by branched nanorod‐based cell. Owing to decreased charge carrier...

Among various deposition techniques to deposit Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) thin films, solution-based processes have attracted considerable attention because of their potentially low cost. Most the reported methods are based on nonaqueous solvents, such as hydrazine, and organic solvents. We report CZTSSe films fabrication solar cells by a water-based, solution-processed method followed Se vapor annealing. The effects feeding time properties performance investigated. ratio Se/(Se+S) can be tuned...

Photovoltaic technology offers great potential in the replacement of fossil fuel resources, but still suffers from high device fabrication cost. Herein, we attempted to provide a solution these issues with heterogeneous nanostructures. Firstly, Zinc oxide (ZnO)/cobalt (Co3O4) heterojunction nanowires are prepared through facile methods. By assembling Co(OH)2 nanoplates on ZnO nanowire arrays, ZnO/Co3O4 nanostructures uniformly synthesized ITO coated glass and wafer. Current (I)-voltage (V)...