Wind turbine generators (WTGs) in a wind power plant (WPP) contain different levels of releasable kinetic energy (KE) because the wake effects. This paper proposes KE-based inertial control scheme for doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) WPP that differentiates contributions WTGs depending on their stored KE. The proposed gain aims to make use KE raise frequency nadir. To achieve this, two additional loops are implemented each DFIG controller: rate change and droop loops. adjusts loop gains...

Cu deposition on the surface of spherical SiO2 nanoparticles was studied to achieve hybrid structure Cu-SiO2 nanocomposite. served as seeds for continuous metal deposition. The chemical and morphology were with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscope energy dispersive (SEM-EDX), a transmission (TEM). antibacterial properties Cu−SiO2 nanocomposite examined disk diffusion assays. homogeneously formed without aggregation showed excellent ability.

Conventional artificial neural network (ANN) based short-term load forecasting techniques have limitations in their use on holidays. This is due to dissimilar behaviors of holidays compared with those ordinary weekdays during the year and insufficiency training patterns. The purpose this paper propose a new method for special days anomalous conditions. These include public holidays, consecutive preceding following proposed uses hybrid approach ANN technique fuzzy inference forecast hourly...

This paper proposes a temporary frequency-support scheme of doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) that can improve the frequency nadir while ensuring rapid stabilization, particularly for high wind power penetration levels (WPPLs). Upon detecting disturbance, reference is increased by incremental and maintained preset period. The proposed varies with rotor speed WPPL. Then, to force converge stable operating range, decreases speed. During deceleration period, releases less kinetic energy,...

This paper proposes a torque limit-based inertial control scheme of doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) that supports the frequency power system. If deviation occurs, proposed aims to release large amount kinetic energy (KE) stored in rotating masses DFIG raise nadir (FN). Upon detecting event, instantly increases its output limit and then reduces with rotor speed so it converges stable operating range. To restore while causing small second dip (SFD), after reference is reduced by...

If a large disturbance occurs in power grid, two auxiliary loops for the inertial control of wind turbine generator have been used: droop loop and rate change frequency (ROCOF) loop. Because their gains are fixed, difficulties arise determining them suitable all grid conditions. This paper proposes dynamic droop-based scheme doubly-fed induction (DFIG). The aims to improve nadir (FN) ensure stable operation DFIG. To achieve first goal, uses loop, but it dynamically changes its gain based on...

For the fixed-gain inertial control of wind power plants (WPPs), a large gain setting provides contribution to supporting system frequency control, but it may cause over-deceleration for turbine generator that has small amount kinetic energy (KE). Further, if speed decreases during even over-deceleration. This paper proposes stable scheme using adaptive gains doubly fed induction (DFIG)-based WPP. The aims improve nadir (FN) while ensuring operation all DFIGs, particularly when control. In...

Wind turbines (WTs) are prone to transient instability during weak grid faults, which is caused by their complex interactions. However, it a challenge analyze the stability, due high-order and strong nonlinearity. Moreover, existing works mainly focus on phase-locked loop (PLL) system while ignoring current control, cannot fully reflect mechanism. To fill this gap, article studies stability of type-3 WT considering both PLL control. First, simplify full model WT, slow–fast subsystem...

For a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG)-based wind turbine (WT), the temporary frequency support (TFS) is cost-effective strategy to achieve system regulation capability. However, there no coupling relationship between power increment and in existing TFS strategies, which limits capability of WTs even deteriorates frequency. To cope with it, this paper analyzes adaptability two representative strategies under different load disturbance scenarios, proposes some design guidelines for...

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> Common-mode (CM) choke saturation is a practical problem in CM filter applications. It generally believed that the leakage inductance of chokes makes core saturated. This paper analyzes two new mechanisms for due to voltage, and these are verified experiment. particularly important motor drive systems, which have high voltage comparably higher stray grounding capacitance. A model established...

This paper proposes the new energy management method based on photovoltaic (PV) hybrid power conditioning system of 4 kW with an storage device (ESD). The use ESD such as a lithium-ion battery improves efficiency overall depending time and weather conditions. In addition, proposed provides function for in real without forecasting while it considers generations from PV system, residential load variations, electricity price. other words, (EMS) can reduce price by charging nighttime electric...

This paper proposes a disturbance-adaptive short-term frequency support scheme of doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) that can improve the frequency-supporting capability while ensuring stable operation. In proposed scheme, output additional control loop is determined as product deviation and adaptive gain, which modified depending on rate change (ROCOF) rotor speed. To achieve these objectives, gain set to be high during early stage disturbance, when ROCOF speed are high. Until nadir...

Recently, the interest in offshore wind farms has been significantly increased because of stronger and more stable winds at sea, which will lead to a higher power production. DC/DC conversion solutions are becoming popular for fulfilling growing challenges high-voltage (HV) dc-connected industry. This paper presents several multilevel modular dc/dc systems based on capacitor-clamped (CC) module concept high-power energy applications. Two types CC modules, namely, double-switch (DS)...

Wind generators within a wind power plant (WPP) will produce different amounts of active because the wake effect, and therefore, they have reactive capabilities. This paper proposes an adaptive to voltage (Q-V) scheme for control doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)-based WPP. In proposed scheme, WPP controller uses mode sends error signal each DFIG. The DFIG also employs utilizing Q-V characteristics depending on capability such that with larger inject more ensure fast recovery. Test...

This paper proposes a stable adaptive inertial control scheme of doubly-fed induction generator. The proposed power reference is defined in two sections: the deceleration period and acceleration period. consists constant for maximum point tracking (MPPT) operation. latter contributes to preventing second frequency dip (SFD) this because its reduction rate large at early stage an event but quickly decreases with time. To improve nadir (FN), value set be proportional rotor speed prior event....

This paper proposes an adaptive hierarchical voltage control scheme of a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG)-based wind power plant (WPP) that can secure more reserve reactive (Q) in the WPP against grid fault. To achieve this, each DFIG controller employs to (Q-V) characteristic. The proposed Q-V characteristic is temporally modified depending on available Q capability DFIG; it dependent distance from point common coupling (PCC). secures than fixed one. Furthermore, allows DFIGs promptly...

With the microgrid revolution, each house will have ability to meet its own energy needs locally from renewable sources such as solar or wind. However, real-time data gathering, management and control of systems depend mainly on performance communications infrastructure. This paper describes design a communication network architecture using both wired wireless technologies for monitoring controlling distributed involving small-scale wind turbines photovoltaic systems. The proposed consists...

This paper proposes a power-smoothing scheme for variable-speed wind turbine generator (WTG) that can smooth out the WTG's fluctuating power caused by varying speeds, and thereby keep system frequency within narrow range. The proposed employs an additional loop based on deviation operates in conjunction with maximum point tracking (MPPT) control loop. Unlike conventional, fixed-gain scheme, its gain is modified rotor speed. In determined considering ratio of output to MPPT To improve...

Following a frequency event in power system, synthetic inertia control (SIC) of wind turbine generator (WTG) can improve the nadir by instantly releasing stored kinetic energy rotating masses. However, SIC might lower settling below maximum steady-state deviation, thereby disabling automatic generation (AGC). This delays recovery to nominal value. paper proposes closed-loop scheme for WTG association with slightly over-speeded deloading operation (SODO) that both and frequency. To achieve...

This paper extends the original complementary pulsewidth modulation concept and proposes an improved dual-output dc-dc converter, in which one output branch gets pulsewidths is regulated by duty cycle, while other pulse-frequency modulation. The converter preserves all advantages of its version: both outputs can be fully without additional switches, primary-side switches achieve full-range zero-voltage switching. Besides, overcomes disadvantages one: resonant tank moved to primary side;...

This paper proposes a flexible reactive current-to-voltage (I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</sub> - V ) scheme of doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) for the rapid voltage regulation wind power plant (WPP). In proposed scheme, WPP controller dispatches different set points to DFIGs depending on their rotor margins. The inject powers with I schemes implemented in rotor-side and grid-side converters. characteristic, which...