Abstract Volcanoes are natural phenomena that have global environmental impacts. Satellite remote sensing can help classify volcanic eruptions and track the dispersion of emissions. We assess multiple in Iceland (Eyjafjallajökull 2010, Grímsvötn 2011, Holuhraun 2014–2015), using space‐borne observations to infer information about geological dynamics each volcano properties evolution plume particles. derive qualitative constraints on particle size, shape, light‐absorption characteristics from...

Abstract Atmospheric gravity waves can be excited by explosive volcanic eruptions and may reach Earth's upper atmosphere. In this study, we report on mesoscale concentric observed in the mesopause airglow layer following La Soufriere volcano eruption April 2021. A large ash plume spaceborne Multi‐angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer instrument 10 reached ∼20 km. Temporal evolution of was provided GOES‐16 Advanced Baseline Imager. Nightglow were Visible Infrared Radiometer Suite Day Night Band....

Abstract A pyrocumulonimbus (pyroCb) firestorm event known as the Pacific Northwest Event (PNE), on August 12, 2017, is examined with a focus newly reported details of pyroconvective injections, transport pathway, and young‐plume altitude. Because PNE subsequent pyroCb in Australia have been compared to classic stratospheric volcanic plumes, prime motivation for this work was exhaustively characterize beginning PNE, show how it major plumes from prior events. We find report direct evidence...

The identification of cyclic volcanic activity can elucidate underlying eruption dynamics and aid hazard mitigation. Whilst satellite datasets are often analysed individually, here we exploit the multi-platform NASA A-Train constellation to cross-correlate cyclical signals identified using complementary measurement techniques at Soufriere Hills Volcano (SHV), Montserrat. In this paper present a Multi-taper (MTM) Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) analysis coincident SO2 thermal infrared (TIR)...

Abstract. Space-based operational instruments are in unique positions to monitor volcanic activity globally, especially remote locations or where suborbital observing conditions hazardous. The Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) provides hyper-stereo imagery, from which the altitude and microphysical properties of suspended atmospheric aerosols can be derived. These capabilities applied plumes emitted at Karymsky volcano 2000 2017. Observed were predominantly an 2–4 km, with...

Volcanic systems are comprised of a complex combination ongoing eruptive activity and secondary hazards, such as remobilized ash plumes. Similarities in the visual characteristics erupted plumes, imaged by satellite-based remote sensing, complicate accurate classification these events. The stereo imaging capabilities Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) were used to determine altitude distribution suspended particles. Remobilized shows distinct dispersion, with particles distributed...

Time-series analysis techniques are being increasingly used to process satellite observations of volcanic gas emissions and heat flux, with the aim identifying cyclic behaviour that could inform hazard assessment or elucidate processes. However, it can be difficult distinguish variations due geophysical processes from those artefacts observation technique. Here, we conduct a comprehensive investigation into origin cyclicity in by analysing daily, global measurements SO2 loading Ozone...

Abstract The Multi‐angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) aboard NASA's Terra satellite observed the Hunga Tonga—Hunga Ha'apai (HTHH) 15 January eruption plume on eight occasions between and 23 2022. From MISR multi‐angle, multi‐spectral imagery we retrieve aerosol height geometrically, along with plume‐level motion vectors, derive radiometrically constraints particle effective size, shape, light‐absorption properties. Parts of two downwind layers were in different places times, one...

Abstract. Volcanic eruptions pose an ever-present threat to human populations around the globe, but many active volcanoes remain poorly monitored. In regions where ground-based monitoring is present effects of volcanic can be moderated through observational alerts both local and service providers, such as air traffic control. However, in volcano limited satellite-based remote sensing provides a global data source that utilised provide near-real-time identification activity. This paper...

Abstract. Volcanic eruptions pose an ever-present threat to human populations around the globe, but many active volcanoes remain poorly monitored. In regions where ground-based monitoring is present effects of volcanic can be moderated through observational alerts both local and service providers such as air traffic control. However, in volcano limited satellite-based remote sensing provides a global data source that utilised provide near real time identification activity. This paper details...