A5024183206- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Aeolian processes and effects
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Icing and De-icing Technologies
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Marine and coastal plant biology
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- nanoparticles nucleation surface interactions
- Microplastics and Plastic Pollution
- Polar Research and Ecology
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Recycling and Waste Management Techniques
- Smart Materials for Construction
- Oil Spill Detection and Mitigation
- Soil and Unsaturated Flow
- Aerosol Filtration and Electrostatic Precipitation
- Vehicle emissions and performance
- Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Studies
- Groundwater and Isotope Geochemistry
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
2019-2025
University of California, San Diego
2015-2023
Scripps Institution of Oceanography
2015
University of Iowa
2015
The University of Texas at Dallas
2010
Significance Microplastic particles and fibers generated from the breakdown of mismanaged waste are now so prevalent that they cycle through earth in a manner akin to global biogeochemical cycles. In modeling atmospheric limb plastic cycle, we show most plastics derived legacy production has continued build up environment. Roads dominated sources microplastics western United States, followed by marine, agriculture, dust emissions downwind population centers. At current rate increase (∼4% per...
With the oceans covering 71% of Earth, sea spray aerosol (SSA) particles profoundly impact climate through their ability to scatter solar radiation and serve as seeds for cloud formation. The properties can change when salt become mixed with insoluble organic material formed in ocean regions phytoplankton blooms. Currently, extent which SSA chemical composition are altered by biological processes is uncertain. To better understand factors controlling composition, we carried out a mesocosm...
Abstract Atmospheric ice‐nucleating particles (INPs) play a critical role in cloud freezing processes, with important implications for precipitation formation and radiative properties, thus weather climate. Additionally, INP emissions respond to changes the Earth System climate, example, desertification, agricultural practices, fires, therefore may introduce climate feedbacks that are still poorly understood. As knowledge of nature origins INPs has advanced, regional global weather, system...
Abstract Emission rates and properties of ice nucleating particles (INPs) are required for proper representation aerosol–cloud interactions in atmospheric models. Few investigations have quantified marine INP emissions, a potentially important source remote oceanic regions. Previous studies suggested INPs sea spray aerosol (SSA) linked to biological activity. This proposed link was explored this study by measuring emissions from nascent SSA during phytoplankton blooms two mesocosm...
Ice-nucleating particles (INPs) are rare atmospheric aerosols that initiate primary ice formation, but accurately simulating their concentrations and variability in large-scale climate models remains a challenge. Doing so requires both major particle sources parameterizing nucleation (IN) efficiency. Validating improving model predictions of INP measuring delineated by type. We present method to speciate into contributions from dust, sea spray aerosol (SSA), bioaerosol. Field campaign data...
Sea spray aerosol (SSA) particles represent one of the most abundant surfaces available for heterogeneous reactions to occur upon and thus profoundly alter composition troposphere. In an effort better understand tropospheric reaction processes, fundamental laboratory studies must be able accurately reproduce chemical complexity SSA. Here we describe a new approach that uses microbial processes control seawater SSA particle composition. By inducing phytoplankton bloom, are create dynamic...
Abstract The formation of ice in clouds can strongly impact cloud properties and precipitation processes during storms, including atmospheric rivers. Sea spray aerosol (SSA) particles are relatively inefficient as nucleating (INPs) compared to mineral dust. However, due the vast coverage Earth's surface by oceans, a number recent studies have focused on identifying sources marine INPs, particularly regions lacking strong influence from This study describes integration, validation,...
Abstract Oceans are, generally, relatively weak sources of ice nucleating particles (INPs). Thus, dust transported from terrestrial regions can dominate atmospheric INP concentrations even in remote marine regions. Studies ocean‐emitted INPs have focused upon sea spray aerosols containing biogenic species. Even though large are over regions, resuspended has never been explicitly considered as another possible source INPs. Current models assume that deposited is not re‐emitted surface waters....
Abstract A major component of California's yearly precipitation comes from wintertime atmospheric river events which bring large amounts moisture the tropics up to midlatitudes. Understanding these systems, specifically effects aerosol particles on associated with storms, was a focus 2015 Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Cloud Aerosol Precipitation Experiment, part California Water campaign. The measurement campaign provided sampling platforms four aircraft, including Aerial Facility G‐1,...
Abstract. Single-particle mass spectrometer (SPMS) analysis of aerosols has become increasingly popular since its invention in the 1990s. Today many iterations commercial and lab-built SPMSs are use worldwide. However, supporting toolkits for these powerful instruments outdated, have limited functionality, or versions that not available to scientific community at large. In an effort advance this field allow better communication collaboration between scientists, we developed FATES (Flexible...
Abstract Ice nucleating particles (INPs) are a rare subset of that can have an outsized impact relative to their prevalence. To simulate INP variability, models require parameterizations for the most important sources INPs. Most in literature were developed from laboratory experiments used proxies ambient particles. Whether these effectively represent aerosol is still not well understood and field measurements may be more atmospherically relevant. Expanding on previous work which we ice...
Ice nucleating particles (INPs) impact cloud properties and precipitation processes through their ability to trigger glaciation. Dust bioparticles are two important sources of INPs that have markedly different atmospheric loadings ice efficiencies. In-situ identification the in clouds has been accomplished using single particle mass spectrometry (SPMS). However, external mixtures dust present a unique challenge as they overlapping spectral ion signatures, complicating unambiguous...
Abstract Vertical velocity distribution below cloud is one of the key determinants life cycle, but observations this variable are extremely sparse in space. Doppler lidar retrievals and large-eddy simulations at U.S. Department Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement facility Southern Great Plains site used to determine whether vertical statistics from temporally dense profiles a single location can be substituted for spatial statistics. We showthat even small number (5) widely distributed...
Abstract. The extent to which water uptake influences the light scattering ability of marine sea spray aerosol (SSA) particles depends critically on SSA chemical composition. organic fraction can increase during phytoplankton blooms, decreasing salt content and therefore hygroscopicity particles. In this study, subsaturated hygroscopic growth factors at 85 % relative humidity (GF(85 %)) predominately submicron were quantified two induced blooms in reference tanks (MARTs). One MART was...
Abstract. Ice-nucleating particles (INPs) represent a rare subset of aerosol that initiate cloud droplet freezing at temperatures above the homogenous point water (−38 ∘C). Considering ocean covers 71 % Earth's surface and represents large potential source INPs, it is imperative identities, properties relative emissions INPs become better understood. However, specific underlying drivers marine INP remain largely unknown due to limited observations challenges associated with isolating INPs....
Abstract. Ice-nucleating particles (INPs) have been found to influence the amount, phase and efficiency of precipitation from winter storms, including atmospheric rivers. Warm INPs, those that initiate freezing at temperatures warmer than −10 ∘C, are thought be particularly impactful because they can create primary ice in mixed-phase clouds, enhancing efficiency. The dominant sources warm INPs during rivers, role meteorology modulating transport injection into river impact on cloud...
Abstract. During the CalWater 2015 field campaign, ground-level observations of aerosol size, concentration, chemical composition, and cloud activity were made at Bodega Bay, CA, on remote California coast. A strong anthropogenic influence air quality, physicochemical properties, was observed Bay during periods with special weather conditions, known as Petaluma Gap flow, in which from California's interior is transported to This study applies a diverse set chemical, microphysical,...
Oceans emit ice-nucleating particles (INPs) which freeze supercooled cloud droplets, modifying clouds. We added dead biomass of three phytoplankton to seawater. Each time, this stimulated INP production in the water and emissions sea spray.
Intracellular aggregation of tau is a pathological hallmark in Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies. The mechanisms underlying the role that these aggregates play neuronal death have remained controversial. To study issues, we established cell culture model tauopathy using hexameric peptide with sequence (306)VQIVYK(311) located within third microtubule-binding repeat tau, rendered cell-permeable by tag nine arginine residues (R(9)). This (VQIVYK-R(9)), designated as T-peptide,...
Abstract. Aerosol particle and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) measurements from a littoral location on the northern coast of California at Bodega Bay Marine Laboratory (BML) are presented for approximately six weeks observations during boreal winter–spring as part CalWater-2015 field campaign. The nature variability surface (marine boundary layer, MBL) aerosol populations were evaluated by classifying into periods similar meteorological characteristics using an unsupervised cluster model to...
Abstract Ice nucleating particles (INPs) are rare that initiate primary ice formation, a critical step required for subsequent important cloud microphysical processes ultimately govern phase and radiative properties. Laboratory studies have found organic‐rich dusts, such as those in soils, more efficient INPs compared to mineral dust. However, the atmospheric relevance of these dusts not well understood, particularly regions with significant agricultural activity. The Agricultural nuclei at...
Atmospheric rivers (ARs), and frontal systems more broadly, tend to exhibit prominent “V” shapes in time series of stable isotopes precipitation. Despite the magnitude widespread nature these shapes, debate persists as whether shifts are driven by changes degree rainout, which we determine using Rayleigh distillation isotopes, or post-condensation processes such below-cloud evaporation equilibrium isotope exchange between hydrometeors surrounding vapor. Here, present paired precipitation...
Abstract Soil dusts are an important source of aerosol in agricultural regions and can affect the Earth's radiation budget through modification cloud properties, particular, their ability to act as ice nucleating particles. In order impact soil need be transported from point emission cloud‐relevant altitudes. Vertical transport within planetary boundary layer is strongly controlled by turbulence challenging represent accurately regional global models. Large‐eddy simulations (LES) run at...
Abstract. Ice nucleating particles (INP) have been found to influence the amount, phase, and efficiency of precipitation from winter storms, including atmospheric rivers. Warm INP, those that initiate freezing at temperatures warmer than −10 °C, are thought be particularly impactful because they can create primary ice in mixed-phase clouds, enhancing efficiency. The dominant sources warm INP during rivers, role meteorology modulating transport injection into river clouds impact on cloud...
Abstract. Single particle mass spectrometer (SPMS) analysis of aerosols has become increasingly popular since its invention in the 1990s. Today many iterations commercial and lab-built SPMS are use worldwide. However supporting toolkits for these powerful instruments either outdated, have limited functionality, or versions that not available to scientific community at large. In an effort advance this field allow better communication collaboration between scientists we developed FATES...