The establishment of the circular economy (CE) for plastics aims to reduce material losses and dependence on virgin materials; however, this practice does not necessarily imply reduction life-cycle impacts. In study, a CE sustainability analysis framework combining assessment (LCA) flow (MFA) was developed simultaneously evaluate impacts circularity metrics implementing different strategies production plastic packaging, using poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) bottles as an example. included...

Today, polyurethanes are effectively not recycled and made principally from nonrenewable, fossil-fuel-derived resources. This study provides the first high-resolution material flow analysis of polyurethane flows through U.S. economy, tracking back to fossil fuels covering polyurethane-relevant raw materials, trade, production, manufacturing, uses, historical stocks, waste management. According our analysis, in 2016, 2900 thousand tonnes (kt) were produced United States 920 kt imported for...

Steam cracking is an energy-intensive process used to convert natural gas liquids, naphtha, and oil into ethylene propylene, as well other chemicals. It the primary source of ethylene, one most important building blocks for chemical plastics industry. also co-produces hydrogen which typically combusted with tail onsite heat, but alternatively could be separated sold a by-product. This study provides detailed life cycle inventory United States steam industry based on publicly-available,...

The urgent need for greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions to mitigate climate change calls accelerated biorefinery development and biochemical deployment the market as structural or functional replacements chemicals produced from fossil-derived feedstocks. This study evaluated energy environmental impacts of 15 biochemicals with clear near-term potential their fossil-based counterparts, when applicable, on a cradle-to-gate basis. Three these are exclusively biomass; eight predominantly...

The increasing amount of plastic waste generation has become an important concern for the chemical industry and government agencies due to high disposal environmental leakage rates. Chemical recycling is a promising technology potential reduction pollutant emissions establishment circular economy through production monomers fuels. However, there scarce information on industrial scale processes this their energetic, economic, performance. Therefore, present process modeling study presents...

Thermal degradation of plastics is a promising technology for addressing the waste management issues landfill disposal, while obtaining useful products. Primary thermal polymers usually yields large quantity high molecular weight compounds with limited applicability, making necessary secondary to improve product quality. In this study, pyrolysis vapors from density polyethylene (HDPE) were subjected by varying temperature and vapor residence time (VRT) in reaction zone new two-stage...

Polyethylene furanoate (PEF) is a bioplastic that can potentially replace its fossil-fuel counterpart, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. A life-cycle GHG, water, and consumption analysis conducted for potential alternative fossil-based PET resin, or PEF on kg-resin basis. assumed be produced from lignocellulosic feedstock (i.e., wheat straw) via furanics conversion reactions through three different pathways. The system boundary includes...

The growing generation of plastic waste (PW) is placing severe burdens in the terrestrial and marine environments due to its inappropriate management at end life. Governments are aware this situation have proposed production bans or initiatives minimize amount PW that landfilled encourage recycling energy recovery. Circular economy a strategy reuses produce new polymers while avoiding disposal displacing use virgin materials. This study reports on refinery design employs fast pyrolysis...

Nonisocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs) show promise as more sustainable alternatives to conventional isocyanate-based (PUs). In this study, polyhydroxyurethane (PHU) and nonisocyanate polythiourethane (NIPTU) production reprocessing models inform the results of a techno-economic analysis life cycle assessment. The profitability selling PHU NIPTU is rationalized by identifying significant costs, indicating that raw materials drive costs reprocessing. After stepping along path process...

Non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs) show promise as more sustainable alternatives to conventional, isocyanate-based (PUs). In this study, polyhydroxyurethane (PHU) and non-isocyanate polythiourethane (NIPTU) production reprocessing models inform the results of a techno-economic analysis life cycle assessment. The profitability selling PHU NIPTU is rationalized by identifying significant costs, indicating that raw materials drive costs reprocessing. After stepping along path process...

Abstract Biotechnology and biomanufacturing development has the potential to strengthen bioeconomy as new opportunities in many areas such energy, chemical, agriculture, pharmaceutical, food industries can be unlocked. refer technologies that use microorganisms, molecular biology, metabolic engineering, chemical processing transform biobased resources (e.g., biomass) into products. These microorganisms are genetically engineered a way production of products happens more efficiently. Creating...

The use of components in municipal solid waste (MSW) as feedstock for liquid transportation biofuels and chemicals can be a sustainable solution energy needs while minimizing impacts landfills on the environment. This study conducts resource assessment available MSW Mexico concludes that when organic polyolefin plastic are converted to hydrocarbon through pyrolysis-based pathway, up 7% Mexico's transportation-fuel consumption could met. A preliminary carbon footprint analysis (CFA) using...

A previously published paper presented product composition results in peak area percentage following pyrolysis of waste high-density polyethylene experiments a two-stage micropyrolysis reactor. Pyrolysis were performed at 625, 650, and 675 °C with vapor residence times (VRTs) varying from 1.4 to 5.6 s (Gracida-Alvarez, U. R.; et al. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2018, 57, 1912−1923). This brief communication discusses the methods used convert gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) areas mass...