Constant effort to reduce heating costs leads production of not only high-quality pellets from pure wood but also cheaper vegetable inferior quality in terms energy properties.1,2 The combustion alternative small boilers causes many problems, mainly ash sintering, as a result their low melting temperature.3,4 paper focuses on experimental determination bed temperatures the burning layer during pellet combustion. are important for prediction phases and better localization description sites...

Woody biomass is an abundant, renewable energy source. Forest residue the fraction remaining after harvest and outtake of wood timber, including tree tops bark. Compared with portion, bark has a wide variation ash content. Wood usually relatively low content, while considerably higher which may generate clinker in furnace thereby tends to create more demand for maintenance. High content also generates particulate emissions. Different types were studied present work terms their effect on...

Nowadays it is important to limit the use and combustion of fossil fuels such as oil coal. There a need create environmentally acceptable projects that can reduce or even stop greenhouse gas emissions. In this article, we dealt with objectives energy policy regard environmental protection, waste utilization, conservation natural resources. The main objective research was assess possibility spent coffee grounds (SCG) fuel. As part solution, processing in form pellets, analysis calorific value...

Abstract This study investigates the effects of hydrogen addition on laminar flame speed natural gas using computational simulations performed with Cantera. The calculated hydrogen-enriched mixtures was simulated across a range equivalence ratios (0.6-2) and fractions (0-25% by volume). modified GRI-Mech 3.0 mechanism employed. Results demonstrate significant increase in increasing content, effect more pronounced at higher ratios. peak observed stoichiometric conditions fraction. highest is...

Particulate matter (PM) from solid alternative fuel combustion poses environmental and health concerns. This research investigates atmospheric composition, sample fractions, chemistry effects on PM. TSI Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer Aerodynamic quantified PM emissions during Refused Derived Fuel combustion. Nine samples were tested in the thermogravimetric analyzer for different fractions atmospheres: Air, 100% N 2 , O . Results revealed complex links between concentrations of size...

This work is concerned with domestic boilers burning solid fuels. Time-dependent coal combustion in the counter-current fixed-bed has been investigated using both measurements and mathematical modeling. Three-dimensional, time-dependent model of developed as a submodel to computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based whole boiler. The overall 0.0177 kg/(m2 s) 0.0266 rates have observed for air velocities 0.17 m/s 0.26 m/s, respectively. Two temperature peaks observed: one propagating downward bed...

Even though this discovery dates back to 1816, the greatest advancement in technology and understanding of Stirling-cycle devices has occurred last 50 years. Although their mass production is currently limited special-purpose machines, its prospective use combination with renewable sources indicates a potential for commercial purposes. The lack success, despite obvious advantages, probably due appropriate modeling techniques theoretical predictions what these can achieve. Nowadays Stirling...

The high-energy requirements of cleanrooms are the main motivation for optimizing their operational conditions. ventilation system consumes most energy in order to ensure precise air conditioning room (filtration, temperature, and humidity adjustment). function is keep particle concentration a minimum. This work deals with optimization an experimental operating via supply through distribution element (laminar airflow ceiling) range 0.15–0.25 m·s−1. laminar between patient influenced by light...

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused huge health and economic damages. Various protective face masks, such as single-use, cotton, the most widespread FFP2 or KN95 are used to prevent spread of this virus. However, these masks usually packaged in plastic packaging, which increases amount waste. Plastic gloves also often connection pandemic. All leads a large production equipment, but their use contributes increase type waste, presents new challenge waste management. This article investigates...

The effort of many manufacturers heat sources is to achieve the maximum efficiency energy transformation chemically bound in fuel heat. Therefore, it necessary streamline combustion process and minimize formation emission during combustion. paper presents an analysis air temperature performance parameters burning biomass. In second part impact different dendromass on emissions small source evaluated. measured results show that regulation has effect concentration from

One of the important fuel properties is ash melting. Fuel with high sintering not applicable for most boilers. Sintering process that can occur in burner and block air flow to base layer. materials, which participate on this process, wood bark. The melting from combustion bark has negative impact lowers temperature process. depends chemical composition ash. Ash takes place several stages: first sign deformation gradually until complete reflow. In order analyze various stages are recorded...

Global energy consumption is increasing every year, and, despite their many negative impacts, fossil fuels are a major source of energy, but reserves gradually depleting. One the promising underutilized resources plant biomass (phytomass). The main problem combustion low melting temperature ash, there also problems with corrosion heat exchangers and clogging heat-exchanging surfaces. This work concerned production straw pellets in order to increase ash by adding an additive. paper sludge...

In this work are described the possibilities for improving efficiency of wood pellets production. The introductory part is devoted to analyzing properties pellets, combustion and production pollutants when combusted it. used pelleting machines was analyzed. main task introduce lines cost reduction as fuel with a focus on effects adding additives. results experimental measurements different additives presented in final part.

The paper presents an analysis of the impact fuel feed to power and emissions parameters automatic domestic boiler for combustion wood pellets. For has been proposed experimental methodology measuring. investigated is designed operation in heating system. It heat equal 18 kW. Concentrations flue gas species were registered at exit based on measured was carried out evaluation production emissions.

The pulp and paper industry in Europe produces over 11 million tons of waste per year. Given high landfill operational costs, thermal co-processing with biomass may be a viable management valorisation option for such wastes. In this work, the analysis (wood sawdust), mixture primary secondary mill sludge their respective blends (50 wt.%, 60 70 wt.% sludge) was assessed by thermogravimetric analysis. One possibilities to ensure is its combustion form pellets containing different amount...

Combined power generation or cogeneration is a highly effective technology that produces heat and electricity in one device more efficiently than separate production. Overall effectiveness growing by use of combined technologies energy extraction, taking from flue gases coolants machines. Another problem the dependence such devices on fossil fuels as fuel. For combustion turbine mostly used fuel natural gas, kerosene for heating plants coal. It therefore necessary to seek compensation today,...

Forced ventilation is applied in clean rooms, specifically operating to ensure the health of both patient and medical staff. Ventilation reduces risk contamination, its parameters are legally prescribed. In addition preventing system also ensures creation a comfortable environment for personnel who spend large amount working time room. This research focuses on appropriate design air flow rate from distribution element The PMV PPD indexes were used evaluate thermal comfort human beings....

It is necessary to reduce dependency on fossil fuels for heating and waste generation, while also utilizing the energy potential of materials. One possibility create fuel pellets where makes up a small proportion so that properties wood are not significantly altered with. This article investigates usage containing spent coffee grounds (5 % or 10 %) face masks %), with spruce sawdust as primary input material (80 90 %). The elemental, thermogravimetric, calorific value, mechanical durability,...

Abstract Phytomass, a renewable energy source, faces the challenge of ash agglomeration due to its low fusion temperature. To address this, chemical modification (adding additives) and co-combustion with other fuels are explored. This study focuses on combustion phytomass wood biomass mechanical modifications chamber. The goal is maintain chamber temperature below point. Modifications included modulated burner water cooling. Combustion in ratio 60/40, 40/60 20/80 had beneficial effect...

Woody and agricultural wastes are important fuels in many countries, have the potential of being even more future. The main problems plant biomass combustion low ash melting temperatures increased emissions. most widely used treatment to solve problem point is blending a fuel with an additive. In this work, pellets were produced from wheat straw containing wood sawdust paper sludge following proportions 40:40:20 45:45:10 (straw/sawdust/paper sludge). purpose work was study influence...

In recent years, black locust has been receiving special attention as a potential energy crop. Conversely, straw, which constitutes waste product, is mainly used for purposes. The aim of this study was to perform the Life Cycle Assessment straw pellet and logs production. environmental effects were investigated according Ecoindicator’99 Global Warming Potential 100a methods. single score functional unit equals 5.47 Pt, cereal pellets between 23.37 30.49 Pt. minor value indicator wood results...

The combustion of biomass is accompanied by the formation particulate matter, presence which in atmosphere harms human health. It important to show issues reducing these pollutants and their impact on This article focuses process combustion. used model consists two parts: chamber flue gas tract. shows four types modification tract designed reduce amount matter atmosphere. Baffles are located tract, capture matter. final simulated turbulent–viscosity models, k-ε realizable model, then k-ω...