A5065615836- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Bird parasitology and diseases
- Plant and animal studies
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Avian ecology and behavior
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Agricultural Economics and Policy
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization
- Vehicle emissions and performance
- Reproductive System and Pregnancy
- Organic Food and Agriculture
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models
- Rural development and sustainability
- Amphibian and Reptile Biology
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Odor and Emission Control Technologies
- Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics
Lund University
2008-2025
Institute for Biodiversity
2004-2020
Bolin Centre for Climate Research
2020
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
2020
Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Development in Transition Economies
2020
European Commission
2020
University of Edinburgh
2008-2011
A fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene avian malaria (genera Haemoproteus and Plasmodium) was amplified from blood samples 12 species passerine birds genera Acrocephalus, Phylloscopus Parus. By sequencing 478 nucleotides obtained fragments, we found 17 different haplotypes or Plasmodium among bird investigated. Only one out in more than host species, this exception being a haplotype detected both blue tits (Parus caeruleus) great major). The phylogenetic tree which constructed...
A fundamental assumption of theories the ecology and evolution inducible defences is that protective responses to attacks by parasites or predators should not only have benefits, but also costs. The vertebrate immune system far best studied example an defence, yet little known about costs response, especially in natural populations. To test if response per se costly, we induced antibody female blue tits, Parus caeruleus , immunising them with human diphtheria–tetanus vaccine, compared their...
Young vertebrates have limited capacity to synthesize antibodies and are dependent on the protection of maternally transmitted for humoral disease resistance early in life. However, mothers may enhance fitness by priming their offspring's immune systems elevate resistance. Transgenerational induced defences been documented plants invertebrates, but maternal offspring immunity has essentially neglected. To test ability stimulate offspring, we manipulated antigen exposure a wild population...
The assessment of effects anthropogenic disturbance on biodiversity (BD) and ecosystem services (ES) their relationships are key priorities the Intergovernmental Panel for Biodiversity Ecosystem Services. Agricultural landscapes associated BD provide multiple ES it is crucial to understand how between components change along gradients landscape complexity. In this study, we related eight potentials species richness five invertebrate, vertebrate plant taxonomic groups in cereal farming...
Abstract The maintenance of genetic variation for infection‐related traits is often attributed to coevolution between hosts and parasites, but it can also be maintained by environmental if the relative fitness different genotypes changes with variation. To gain insight into how are sensitive variation, we exposed a single host genotype freshwater crustacean Daphnia magna four parasite isolates (which assume represent genotypes) its naturally co‐occurring Pasteuria ramosa at 15, 20 25 °C. We...
Abstract The EU's Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) has had limited success in mitigating agriculture's environmental degradation. In this paper we simulate the impacts of 2013 “greening” reform on biodiversity and ecosystem services environmentally contrasting landscapes. We do by integrating an agent‐based model structural change with spatial ecological production functions, show that will likely fail to deliver substantial benefits. Our study implies greening measures need be tailored...
Abstract Pollen analysis is an important tool in many fields, including pollination ecology, paleoclimatology, paleoecology, honey quality control, and even medicine forensics. However, labour‐intensive manual pollen often constrains the number of samples processed or analysed per sample. Thus, there a desire to develop reliable, high‐throughput, automated systems. We present method for analysis, based on deep learning convolutional neural networks (CNN). scanned microscope slides with...
Abstract To reverse biodiversity loss, creating resilient ecological networks has been promoted in policy and practice. However, we argue that emphasising within without clear conservation prioritisations may direct focus away from processes important for population persistence. We studied the rationale represented a context, by reviewing research related to concept of green infrastructure European policy. compared this outcome with underlying empirical evidence effects landscape properties...
Climate warming is expected to influence the prevalence of vector-transmitted parasites. Understanding extent which this ongoing, or has already occurred, requires empirical data from populations monitored over long periods time, but these studies are sparse. Further, vector-disease research involving human health often influenced by disease control efforts that supersede natural trends. By screening for malaria parasite infections in a wildlife population blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus)...
What is the form of natural selection on immune responsiveness? For a population at evolutionary equilibrium, there are two different scenarios. First, it generally assumed that defense has both benefits and costs. If variation in responsiveness due to how individuals trade off these costs benefits, one would expect be subject stabilizing selection. Second, well known an individual's often dependent its overall condition. condition-dependent, under positive directional We therefore depends...
Although parasitism has been acknowledged as an important selective force in the evolution of host life histories, studies fitness effects parasites wild populations have yielded mixed results. One reason for this may be that most only test a linear relationship between infection intensity and fitness. If resistance to is costly, however, reduced both hosts with low intensities (cost resistance) high parasitism), such individuals intermediate highest Under scenario one would expect...
Abstract The expression of infectious disease is increasingly recognized to be impacted by maternal effects, where the environmental conditions experienced mothers alter resistance infection in offspring, independent heritability. Here, we studied how effects (high or low food availability mothers) mediated crustacean Daphnia magna its bacterial parasite Pasteuria ramosa . We sought disentangle from host genetic background studying varied across 24 genotypes sampled a natural population....
Summary Increasing landscape heterogeneity and organic farming practices are known to enhance species richness in agroecosystems. However, little is about the consequences of these management options on other biodiversity components such as community composition, phylogenetic structure functional diversity which may be more closely linked ecosystem functioning. We surveyed semi‐natural plant communities within uncultivated field margins 18 arable farms S kåne, south weden. investigated how...
Improving our understanding of the relationships between biodiversity and delivery ecosystem services is crucial for development sustainable agriculture. We introduce a novel framework that based on identification indicator species single or multiple across taxonomic groups analyses. utilize multi-species community data (unlike previous approaches) without giving up information about identity in richness approaches). compiled comprehensive dataset including abundances 683 invertebrate,...
One of the central tenets in life-history theory is that there a trade-off between current and future reproduction (i.e. cost reproduction). The mechanism for this is, however, largely unknown. hypothesis high workload during compromises resistance to parasites resulting increase parasitaemia has negative effects on prospects survival. Although empirical evidence relationship reproductive effort parasite exists, causal relationships effort, are still unclear. We use path analytical approach...
Incubation was for a long time considered to be period of decreased activity and low cost parents. It therefore ignored as potential factor affecting life‐history trade‐offs in birds. Lately this view has started change, studies now show that there might considerable costs connected incubation. We experimentally reduced the nest temperature during incubation blue tits Cyanistes caeruleus, thus increasing energetic incubation, test importance component reproductive nestling quality. While...
Host resistance against parasites depends on three aspects: the ability to prevent, control and clear infections. In vertebrates immune system consists of innate adaptive immunity. Innate immunity is particularly important for preventing infection eradicating established infections at an early stage while slow, but powerful, essential controlling intensities eventually clearing Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules are central in immunity, studies parasite MHC wild animals have...
Resilience of ecological communities to perturbation is important in the face increased global change from anthropogenic stressors. Monitoring required detect impact of, and recovery from, perturbations, before-after-control-impact (BACI) analysis provides a powerful framework this regard. However, species community are not observed with perfect detection, occupancy correct for imperfect detectability species. We present Bayesian (CO-BACI) monitor response when constituent imperfectly...
Abstract Declines in European farmland birds over past decades have been attributed to the combined effects of agricultural intensification and abandonment. Consequently, aspirations stop declines should focus attention on reversing these changes through voluntary or policy‐driven interventions. The design such interventions ideally be informed by scientific knowledge which aspects transformation landscapes contributed bird declines. may associated with loss natural habitats homogenization...