immaterial. In repeat victimization there is a tendency to the same ype of c im (or nearly he same), but otherwise transition matrix homogeneous. Two papers discuss benefit using logistic regression as opposed linear for predicting an individual's probability success on parole from his characteristics. Carefully constructed models perform somewhat better than simple Burgess scales predictor variables (counting yes, no or 0, 1, 2 nine items), surprisingly, improvement too modest imply that...

Hirschi and Gottfredson have recently argued that proposed sociological explanations of the observed relationship between age crime are in error. This present article contends their arguments rest on faulty logic misstatements empirical evidence currently available.

We extend earlier analyses of the factors that explain differences among U.S. states in imprisonment rates by demonstrating importance state culture and political arrangements to explanation rates, growth those for years 1971–1991.

An autoregressive equation is one in which the dependent variable regressed on its own earlier variables.

Recent research on the functions of imprisonment has begun to provide quantitative, empirical knowledge its rehabilitative and deterrent effects. Much less is known, however, about incapacitative effect imprisonment. While it long been understood that physical segregation prison inmates prevents them from engaging in some criminal activity (as well as much non-criminal activity) during period their confinement, quantitative estimates size this have lacking. Leaving aside all or...

Almost all quantitative research on the determinants of variation in allocation public resources to crime control is done within framework either rational choice theory or conflict theory. The rooted notions economic efficiency, social consensus, and relatively conflict-free democratic political processes. views conflicting interests, exploitation, differences power as essence politics. Rarely, however, has tested relative ability two theories explain outcomes. This study an attempt carry...

We examine sources of variation in possession and use the death penalty using data drawn from 193 nations order to test theories punishment. find be rooted a country's legal political systems, influenced by its religious traditions. A level economic development, educational attainment, composition shape institutions practices, indirectly affecting penalty. The article concludes discussing likely future trends.

In this paper, panel models for crime rates and arrest are utilized to separate the effect of law enforcement from several other processes that have been advanced as possible determinants an enforcement-crime relationship. When type estimated official index in a sample U.S. cities years 1964-1970, no meaningful relationship between is found. This finding permits us exclude existence any appreciable deterrence effect.

A stochastic model of criminal careers embodying the assumptions Gottfredson and Hirschi (1986, 1988) is used as a tool to examine arguments claims that have been raised in recent debate over nature careers. The fit aggregate career data different jurisdictions explain racial sex patterns recidivism data. Some deployed on both sides this are shown lack validity. Nullius verba. —Motto Royal Society

In recent years, several pieces of state and federal legislation have imposed new restrictions on convicted sex offenders, including registration with law enforcement agencies, community notification provisions, sexually violent predator designations permitting civil commitment following a prison sentence. This paper uses panel data for the American states years 1970–2002 to assess impact these policies rate at which rapes occur. Our research finds no evidence that our current reduce incidence rape.

Methodological issues that must be considered in doing research on the New York City crime drop include choice of a spatial unit analysis, mathematical representation processes responsible for drop, and estimators. This paper considers strengths weaknesses time series analysis data alone, panel city's precincts, sample cities, studying drop. The possibilities limitations precinct-level are illustrated with annual precinct between 1988 2001. static dynamic fixed effects models estimated...

We estimate multiwave panel models for the effect of clearance rates and a vector socioeconomic control variables on index crimes, using sample 98 U.S. cities years 1964-70. No consistent evidence substantial is found. The police practices law violation matter that has practical bearing crime prevention strategies. It can also enhance our understanding contributions made by formal methods social to conformity. Despite importance these concerns, surprisingly little known about effects...

ABSTRACT* * The effects of police employment on index violent trim rates and property crime are studied using a maximum likelihood technique to estimate two‐wave multivariate panel models. Separate analyses carried out for sample 252 U.S. suburbs 269 cities the years 1960 1970.

Criticism of indeterminate sentencing was initially advanced as part a larger radical program to transform American society. Yet recent reform legislation legitimated by this criticism has taken on con servative character. This development is documented here, and explained in terms political social change over the past decade.