Summary This study evaluated the supplementation effects of three herbal plants (thyme [THY], eucalyptus [EUC] and celery [CEL]), a commercial phytogenic additive ‎containing essential oils (PFA‐EO, Digestarom ® P.E.P.) monensin (MON) in calf starter on performance, rumen fermentation blood metabolites during pre‐ (days 3–55) post‐weaning 56–70). Sixty‐six Holstein dairy calves (3 days age, 41.2 ± 3 kg BW) were allocated to one six starters supplemented with: (i) no additives (CON), (ii) MON...

Summary The effect of adding molasses (0, UM or 50 g/kg on DM basis, M) and two types inoculant including homofermentative (HO) a combination propionate‐producing bacterial (HOPAB) inoculants silage fermentation quality, nitrogen fractionation aerobic stability pre‐bloom, wilted alfalfa (AS) was determined in laboratory silos. HOPAB more effective than HO reducing the pH but increased propionate content absence M (p < 0.05). Inoculation reduced 0.01) acid detergent fibre (ADF) lactate to...

The objective of the current study was to examine whether step-down (STP) milk feeding method together with forage provision would improve performance, rumen fermentation, nutrient digestibility, blood metabolites, and structural growth calves. Holstein bull calves (n = 40) were randomly assigned 1 4 treatments in a completely randomized design 2 × factorial arrangement. Treatments 1) conventional (COV) without (COV-NF), 2) COV provision, 3) STP 4) provision. Calves 20) received 5.5 L/d...

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects starter supplementation with fat sources differing in their fatty acid (FA) profile on performance dairy calves during cold season. Sixty Holstein (3 d age; 39.7 ± 3.8 kg body weight) were randomly assigned 1 5 diets supplemented (1) no or oil source (control), (2) 3% palm (PLF), (3) soybean (SBO), (4) tallow (TAL), and (5) a 3.2% mixture (MIX) PLF, SBO, fish oil. supplements substituted for corn basal diet. Both control...

Inoculation of alfalfa seedlings with root growth promoting microorganisms under semi-arid climate condition may improve biomass production and nutritive value. The current study aimed to investigate the effect inoculation Piriformospora indica (Pi) co-inoculating Pi Glomus intraradices (Gi + Pi) or Sinorhizobium meliloti (Sm on hay yield, chemical composition, molecular structures by Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, in situ ruminal degradability vitro gas production....

Three dominant morphological fractions (i.e. leaf blade (LB), sheath (LS) and stem) were analysed for chemical composition ruminal degradability in three rice straw varieties. In one variety treated with alkali, cell wall features also characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) Scanning Electron Microscopy. The highest concentrations of carbohydrates (hemicellulose cellulose) observed LS, whereas the non-fibre (silica, phenolic compounds CP) lignin recorded LB. stem...

Summary This study investigates the effects of feeding diet based on untreated (UT) or ensiled alkali‐treated (ET) barley straw with either urea casein supplementation, feed intake, digestibility, ruminal pH , water intake and faecal urinary characteristics. Four sheep fitted cannulas were used in a 4 × Latin square design 2 factorial arrangement treatments. Barley was treated by dry (spraying) method adjusted hydrogen peroxide ( 11.5), for 6 weeks included at 65% matter (DM). The results...

Supplementing palmitic acid (C16 : 0) in combination with modifying the dietary n-6:n-3 fatty (FA) ratio may benefit energy metabolism and milk responses of dairy cows. Twelve Holstein cows (70 (sd 11) days milk) were used a replicated 4 × Latin square allocated to four low-fibre diets (18·5 % forage neutral-detergent fibre) supplemented no FA (CON), or 2·4 C16 0-enriched supplement (PAL), mixture (2:1) 0 n-6 (PW6), n-3 (PW3). The was increased PW6 (10:1) decreased PW3 (2·8:1), whereas PAL...

Abstract Background It is not clearly known whether parity can affect the outcomes of starch reduction in diet lactating dairy cows. Introduction A 2 × factorial study was conducted to evaluate effects reducing diets with similar protein and energy contents on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, nutrient digestibility, behaviour blood metabolites primiparous (PP) multiparous (MP) Methods Twenty PP cows (DIM = 37 ± 10; 40 5 kg/day milk; mean SD) 20 MP 9; 48 milk) were used present...

Abstract The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of partial replacement inorganic minerals (IM) with trace in advance chelate components form starter diets for calves different birth weights on performance, health, and behavior Holstein calves. Fifty-two were assigned 1 4 treatments a 2 × factorial arrangement two mineral sources (IM or advanced chelated (ACMS)) (low normal weight; LBW NBW). Calves weaned d 56 remained until 71 study. Results showed that NBW had higher...

Chemical characteristics and ruminal degradability of barley straw when treated with dry application (spraying technique) acid alkali were studied over the adjusted pH range (1.5–12.5 by measuring titratable capacity). Enzymatic (a cellulase product) effectiveness was also examined on pretreated at 3.5, 4.5 11.5. Treated straws then ensiled for four weeks. Results showed that solubility matter (DM) hemicellulose (HC) altered quadratically within region, while cellulose (CL) lignin displayed...