The goal of this research was the development a practical architecture for computer-based tutoring teams. This article examines relationship team behaviors as antecedents to successful performance and learning during adaptive instruction guided by Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs). Adaptive is training or educational experience tailored artificially-intelligent, tutors with optimizing learner outcomes (e.g., knowledge skill acquisition, performance, enhanced retention, accelerated...

Scenario-based training exemplifies the learning-by-doing approach to human performance improvement. In this paper, we enumerate advantages of incorporating automated scenario generation technologies into traditional development pipeline. An generator is a system that creates scenarios from scratch, augmenting authoring rapidly develop new scenarios, providing richer diversity tailored opportunities, and delivering on demand. We introduce combinatorial optimization deliver requisite quality...

The Generalized Intelligent Framework for Tutoring (GIFT) is a research prototype with three general goals associated its functions and components: 1) lower the skills time required to author Systems (ITSs) in variety of task domains; 2) provide effective adaptive instruction tailored needs each individual learner or team learners; 3) tools methods evaluate effectiveness ITSs support continuously improve instructional best practices. This special issue focuses primarily on third goal, GIFT...

Military organizations worldwide continue to invest heavily in research, development, and fielding of virtual mixed reality simulations simulators for training. However, the future fiscal environment will be challenging both simulation as well US Army a whole. Thus, wise design decisions must made when developing In order optimize effectiveness these simulations, developers employ trade-off analysis scientific methods derive empirical evidence, ensure that under development is optimized meet...

Intelligent learning environments can be designed to support the development of learners' cognitive skills, strategies, and metacognitive processes as they work on complex decision-making problem-solving tasks. However, complexity tasks may impede progress novice learners. Providing adaptive feedback learners who face difficulties requires learner modeling approaches that identify proficiencies in executing required processes. This paper discusses a multilevel hierarchical scheme analyzes...

This work presents a comparison of two applications (Augmented Reality (AR) and desktop) to author Scenario-Based Training (SBT) simulations. Through an iterative design process interface conditions are developed then evaluated qualitatively quantitatively. A graph based authoring visualization help designers understand the scenario learning artifacts relationships. No significant difference was found on time taken complete tasks nor perceived usability systems. However, Desktop as more...

This work presents a study that explores the differences between authoring Scenario-Based Training (SBT) simulation content using Augmented Reality (AR) and Desktop interface. Through an iterative design process two interface conditions were developed then evaluated qualitatively quantitatively. Our conceptual model is graph based visualization presented to help designers understand scenario learning artifacts relationships. major contribution relies on comparison made tools (AR, Desktop)...

The adaptive instruction provided by Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs) tailors direction, support, and feedback to enhance/maintain the learning needs (e.g., lack of knowledge or skill) each individual. Today, ITSs are generally developed support desktop training applications, with most common domains involving cognitive problem solving tasks mathematics physics). In recent years, implementations game-based tutors authored using Generalized Framework for (GIFT), an open-source tutoring...

Teams and teamwork are ubiquitous in military civilian organizations. Their importance to organizational success cannot be overstated. This article describes the relationship effect of three concepts: Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs), shared mental models, teamwork. The nexus between these concepts is examined determine its capability support adaptive instruction teams, defined here as collectives interdependent individuals who must communicate interact with each other order perform...

Instruction that adapts to individual learner characteristics is often more effective than instruction treats all learners as the same. A practical approach making MOOCs adapt may be by integrating frameworks for intelligent tutoring systems (ITSs). Using Learning Tools Interoperability standard (LTI), we integrated two (GIFT and CTAT) into edX. We describe our initial explorations of four adaptive instructional patterns in PennX MOOC "Big Data Education." The work illustrates one route...

This experiment assessed how displaying information onto different surfaces (flat vs. raised) influenced the performance, workload, and engagement of cadets answering questions on military tactics. Sixty-two in a within-subjects design each answered 24 tactics-related across 2 conditions (12 flat, 12 which were measured by accuracy time task. After set questions, took postsurveys assessing engagement, modified User Engagement Scale System Usability Scale, workload NASA-TLX. Findings...

Many of us have had the vision learners acquiring STEM subject matters by being immersed in motivating learning environments (such as games) that advance learners to new levels mastery. Concepts (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) are complex difficult, require at deeper than merely memorizing facts, rules, procedures. Learners would ideally be challenged motivated improve on mastering topics that might not acquired with traditional training methods. They would spend hundreds...