Abstract Although echocardiography is the gold standard for diagnosis of cardio‐structural disease, thoracic radiography a rapid, cost‐effective, and widely accessible method evaluating cardiac size in dogs. The vertebral heart score (VHS) left atrial (VLAS) are established as objective measures cardiomegaly on radiographs. However, several studies have shown significant variations VHS among different breeds. Chihuahua predisposed to both congenital acquired diseases. aim this prospective,...

Abstract Thoracic radiography is a useful technique for the evaluation of cardiac dimensions, especially when echocardiography not possible. The vertebral left atrial size (VLAS) has recently been proposed as new radiographic method quantifying dimensions in dogs. aims this retrospective, reference interval, observational study were to describe values VLAS group healthy adult dogs and compare intraobserver interobserver agreement versus heart score (VHS) methods. radiographs 80 evaluated....

Abstract Background It is clinically relevant to predict outcomes in dogs with acute kidney injury (AKI) treated haemodialysis. The aim of this study was evaluate the prognostic value contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and its role discriminating between AKI impairment associated chronic disease (AKI/CKD). Methods Dogs diagnosed or AKI/CKD were prospectively enrolled study. For all dogs, CEUS performed at admission (T0). In addition, haemodialysis‐treated it after first dialysis (T1) 7 days...

Abstract Hyperadrenocorticism is an uncommon but important endocrine disease in guinea pigs, due to its subtle clinical signs and the limited information veterinary literature, it can be underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed. Ultrasound of adrenal glands patients with suspected hyperadrenocorticism help identifying adrenomegaly. The purpose this prospective study was identify ultrasonographic gland dimensions presumed healthy pigs using same standardized method described for dogs cats. A conscious...

Abdominal ultrasound examinations (AUEs) are commonly used in the diagnostic evaluation of canine acute pancreatitis (AP). The purpose this retrospective study was to evaluate and monitor ultrasonographic changes observed dogs with clinically suspected AP on consecutive AUEs. population constituted by 38 client-owned hospitalized for no less than 48 h from January 2016 December 2019. Dogs included were based clinical examination abnormal rapid specific pancreatic lipase test performed at...

(1) Background: Rabbits and guinea pigs are popular pet animals often undergo computed tomography (CT) examination for assessment of pathologies the head. The goal study was to review CT examinations heads rabbits identify classify incidental findings. (2) Methods: 60 studies 65 presented at 2 Institutions were reviewed indications recorded. (3) Results: presence findings not directly related reason present in 40/60 (66.7%) 42/65 (64.4%) pigs. Most commonly, involved ears, 24/60 29/65...

Canine chronic biliary tree disease (CBTD) is a suspected risk factor for pancreatic injury. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and features involvement in canine CBTD, their relationship with hyperlipemia its severity. CBTD defined as increase at least two ALP, GGT, total bilirubin, cholesterol, abnormal abdominal ultrasound (graded mild severe). Pancreatic appearance recorded classified acute/chronic. Dogs were divided into PBD group (pancreatic disease) BD (only disease)....

In veterinary medicine, the radiographic assessment of right heart enlargement (RHE) is essentially subjective. The aim this study was to evaluate vertebral index (VRHi) as a new quantitative method detect RHE in dogs. This multicenter, retrospective, observational study, including dogs with and control All had have thoracic complete echocardiography on same day. Right defined presence atrial enlargement, ventricular and/or hypertrophy based echocardiography. For all views available for each...

The concentrations of fecal and serum bile acids (BAs) are known to be altered in human patients with chronic liver diseases (CLDs), especially those biliary tract involvement (BTD). Scarce literature is available regarding BA modifications during canine CLDs. This study aimed evaluate BAs CLDs according different clinical clinicopathological variables. Forty-six dogs were enrolled. Canine feces analyzed by HPLC. Cholic Acid (CA), Chenodeoxycholic (CDCA), Ursodeoxycholic (UDCA), Deoxycholic...

This retrospective study investigated the prevalence of different urachal anomalies (UA) in cats (n = 60) and dogs 38) their association with clinical symptoms urinalysis alterations. Among UA, vesicourachal diverticulum was most prevalent UA diagnosed both (96.7%) (89.5%): intramural 76.7% 71.1% dogs, followed by extramural (20.0% 18.4% respectively). In bladder wall diffuse or regional thickening alteration. The common alterations urinary content were urolithiasis sediment (33.3%) (31.6%)....

Two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) is a non-invasive method to quantitatively evaluate the liver stiffness (LS), allowing detection of hepatic pathological changes in both dogs and humans. In dogs, some factors such as patient movement respiration can cause artefacts potential errors measurements. Therefore, anaesthesia has been suggested reduce effect on 2D-SWE dogs. This study was performed influence an anaesthetic protocol measurements for assessment LS healthy Forty-five...

Background: The most common musculoskeletal conditions reported in donkeys are related to the foot. Radiographic examinations clinically important diagnosis of foot abnormalities and commonly used. However, few studies have been conducted establish normal radiographic appearance a donkey’s Aim: To determine features front digit healthy Amiata donkeys. Methods: were performed on 56 forefeet 28 Three views each taken: lateromedial, dorsopalmar dorso 65°proximal/palmarodistal oblique. Seventeen...

A retrospective case control study, which aimed to evaluate potential clinical, laboratory and imaging predictors of fatal pulmonary haemorrhage in dogs with Leptospirosis submitted haemodialysis. The study population was divided two groups according the presence (PH) or absence (nPH) haemorrhage. statistical comparison performed at hospital admission for clinical (spontaneous bleeding, icterus, respiratory distress), (serum creatinine, urea, phosphate, calcium, bicarbonate, bilirubin, AST,...

The evidence of mineralizations in the canine liver is usually considered an incidental finding unclear clinical significance, frequently observed small-size old dogs.To describe ultrasound features intrahepatic biliary tree foci mineralization, to assess their relevance and possible relationship with other gastrointestinal pathological disorders.A retrospective analysis evaluating database patients admitted two referral veterinary centers we carried out. All dogs under study underwent...

(1) Background: dental pathologies are the most frequent reason for requesting a CT scan of head in rabbits and guinea pigs. The study aimed to review exams both species identify characterize lesions secondary disease. (2) Methods: studies 48 52 pigs with were reviewed. (3) Results: abnormalities mandibular teeth represented, (81.2%) (98%). aggressive bone lesion associated was more frequently observed rabbits' mandible maxilla; pigs, bulging around roots focal lysis maxilla, without...

Abstract Objective To describe multiple congenital ocular anomalies in three litters of Jack Russell Terrier puppies. Animals studied Seven purebred puppies from related and their four parents. Procedures Medical records the parents were evaluated. All dogs underwent a complete ophthalmic examination, followed by bilateral ultrasonography two with corneal opacity. One eye an affected puppy was subjected to histopathology. A database pedigrees built, individual inbreeding Results The most...

(1) Background: Ultrasound attenuation imaging (ATI) is an innovative technique that allows for the evaluation of degree lipid infiltration liver parenchyma in a simple and non-invasive way. The objective this study was to verify applicability ATI method hyperlipidemia. (2) Methods: This included 53 dogs between January 2021 December 2022, which 21 were healthy (A) 32 had hyperlipidemia (B). Group B divided into mild hyperlipidemic (B1; n = 15) moderate/severe (B2; 17). Each dog underwent...

There has been increasing interest in the literature on primary thyroid diseases guinea pigs, which are believed to be underdiagnosed. This study describes size and characteristics of gland ultrasound (US) CT examinations pig (Cavia porcellus) without evidence pathology examines possible use US as a routine examination for diseases. prospective anatomical included 20 pigs that underwent dental pathologies (TG) examination. Based images, this evaluated lobe dimensions (length, height, width)...

Computed tomography (CT) is increasingly being used for the study of gallbladder and bile duct diseases. The first step in interpreting CT findings understanding cross-sectional anatomy structures involved, but there are no published studies describing features divisional ducts. In dogs, anatomic report two common patterns including three or four aim this retrospective, descriptive, anatomical was to describe size pattern visible ducts, based on their location extension, using...

Abstract Pituitary gland (PG) tumors are common in rats over the age of 2. CT and MRI can be difficult to apply this species, whereas ultrasound is more feasible useful. To our knowledge, there no studies on PG rats. The aim prospective, analytical study was evaluate reliability identifying PG, define dimension a group with evidence pituitary diseases, examine its correlations age, sex, weight. After localizing an one rat, identified 21 by two sonographers using ventral neck approach...

In veterinary medicine, pseudomembranous cystitis (PC) is a rare condition described only in cats. The purposes of this retrospective study were to describe ultrasound features PC cats and dogs, predisposing factors, comorbidities outcomes. Cats dogs with an ultrasonographic diagnosis included the study. bladder findings that recorded were: pseudomembranes’ characteristics, abnormalities bladder’s wall content anomalies pericystic peritoneal space. Ten four met inclusion criteria. Four...

Animal-vehicle collisions are the major cause of rescue and need for hospitalization in wildlife referral centers. Clinicians easy-to-use tools to make rapid decisions about whether euthanize or treat injured animals. The aim study was evaluate data (reasons rescue, diagnosed lesions, outcome) from a hospitalized population ungulates investigate benefits using radiography as diagnostic tool. Data were collected three centers Tuscany (Italy). following information each animal: reason...