Although concentrated animal feeding operations constantly generate physiologically active steroidal hormones, little is known of their environmental fate. Estrogen and testosterone concentrations in groundwater distribution sediments below a dairy-farm wastewater lagoon were therefore determined compared to reference site located upgradient the farm. Forward simulations flow as well estrogen transport conducted based on data from sediment profile obtained during drilling monitoring waste...

Core Ideas Leaching below the root zone is estimated based on eight sites of intensive vadose monitoring. Across methods N losses at annual orchard scale were in same order magnitude. Simple mass balance provided a good proxy accumulation soil Under current BMP load to groundwater likely range 60 100 kg ha–1. Large spatial and temporal variability water flow transport dynamics poses significant challenges accurately estimating form orchards. A 2‐yr study was conducted explore nitrate (NO 3 −...

In California, water is a perennial concern. As competition for resources increases due to growth in population, California’s tree nut farmers are committed improving the efficiency of used food production. There an imminent need have reliable methods that provide information about temporal and spatial variability crop requirements, which allow make irrigation decisions at field scale. This study focuses on estimating actual evapotranspiration coefficients almond pistachio orchard located...

The application of nitrogen (N) fertilizers is intrinsically linked to the emissions nitrous oxide (N2O) and ammonia (NH₃), making their mitigation a critical global concern. One effective strategy involves use urease nitrification inhibitors. Over past three years, we have conducted multiple field pot experiments evaluate impact urea combined with inhibitors on N2O NH3 volatilization. These studies were performed calcareous Mediterranean soils (pH ≥ 7.3). Our findings...

Uniform and excessive nitrogen (N) fertilization practices in agriculture often lead to spatial temporal crop variability, resulting inefficient nutrient distribution, environmental harm, reduced orchard yields, fruit quality. This study investigates the effects of N levels on avocado ecophysiology using advanced remote sensing (RS) techniques, focusing estimation Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE), Leaf Content (LNC [% dry weight]), Plant Area Index (PAI), Canopy (CNC [kg per tree]) estimate...

Abstract. A study on water infiltration and solute transport in a clayey vadose zone underlying dairy farm waste source was conducted to assess the impact of desiccation cracks subsurface evaporation salinization. The is based five years continuous measurements temporal variation content chemical isotopic composition sediment pore it. stable isotopes (δ18O δ2H) samples, from area where crack networks prevail, indicated down ~ 3.5 m below land surface, vertical lateral preferential water,...

In California, water is a perennial concern. As competition for resources increases due to growth in population, California’s tree nut farmers are committed improving the efficiency of used food production. There an imminent need have reliable methods that provide information about temporal and spatial variability crop requirements, which allow make irrigation decisions at field scale. This study focuses on estimating actual evapotranspiration coefficients almond pistachio orchard...

Abstract Eating fruits and vegetables loaded with natural antioxidants can boost human health considerably help fight off diseases linked to oxidative stress. Hydrogen has unique antioxidant effects. However, its low-solubility fast-diffusion limited applications in agriculture. Integration of hydrogen nanobubble technology could address such problems. the physiological adaptation response mechanism crops nanobubbles is still poorly understood. Antioxidant concentrations lycopene, ascorbic...

Earthen waste lagoons are commonly used to store liquid wastes from concentrated animal feeding operations. The fate of ammonium (NH 4 + ) and nitrate (NO 3 ‐ was studied in the vadose zone below earthen‐clay dairy farm using three independent monitoring systems. monitored 0.5 30 m land surface through direct sampling sediment porewater continuous measurement profile's water content variations. Four years revealed that wastewater infiltration lagoon is controlled by two mechanisms: slow (mm...

Abstract Research is lacking monitoring beyond the root zone for programmatic or regulatory assessment and onsite of field‐ farm scale agricultural nitrate leaching to groundwater. Here, we investigate relationship between measurements N at sediment core scale, groundwater well field management scale. Importantly, monitor across vertical continuum (RZ, 3 m), deep vadose (DVZ, 7 upper saturated (SZ, 14 m) in a highly heterogeneous alluvial system, common many basins. Twenty 14‐m‐deep cores...

Unlined manure ponds are constructed on clay soil worldwide to manage farm waste. Seepage of ammonia-rich liquor into underlying layers contributes groundwater contamination by nitrate. To identify the possible processes that lead production nitrate from ammonia in this oxygen-limited environment, we studied diversity and abundance ammonia-transforming microorganisms under an unlined pond. The numbers ammonia-oxidizing bacteria anammox were most abundant top profile decreased significantly...

Producing more food with a lower environmental cost is one of the most crucial challenges worldwide. Plastic mulching has developed as dominant practices to improve crop yields, however its impacts on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions during production life cycle are still unclear. The objective this work quantify plastic film GHG and reduce innovative agronomic practices. Carbon footprint per unit area (CFa), maize grain yield (CFy), economic output (CFe) were evaluated for three cultivation...