The key hurdles to achieving wide consumer acceptance of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) are weather-dependent drive range, higher cost, and limited life.These translate into a strong need reduce significant energy drain resulting range loss due auxiliary electrical loads the predominant which is cabin thermal management load.Studies have shown that subsystem can by as much 45% under ambient temperatures below -10 °C.Often, heating relies purely on positive temperature coefficient (PTC)...

An analysis to determine the impact of reducing thermal load on a vehicle using solar-reflective paint and glazing.

Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and plug-in hybrid (PHEVs) are promising technologies to help reduce the amount of petroleum consumed for transportation. In both HEVs PHEVs, battery pack is a key component enabling their fuel savings potential. The also one most expensive components in vehicle. One significant factors impacting performance life temperature. particular, operating at elevated temperatures reduces its life. It therefore important design implement effective thermal management...

This paper focuses on two forced convection methods—steady jet flow and pulsating by synthetic jets—that can be used in applications requiring significant amounts of heat removal from electronics components. Given the dearth available data, we have experimentally investigated steady jets piezoelectrically driven that provide air at a high coefficient performance. To mimic typical component, 25.4-mm × vertical heated surface was for removal. The impingement transfer, form Nusselt number, is...

Electric vehicles (EVs) need highly optimized thermal management systems to improve range.Climate control can reduce vehicle efficiency and range by more than 50%.Due the relative shortage of waste heat, heating passenger cabin in EVs is difficult.Cabin cooling take a high portion energy available battery.Compared internal combustion engine-driven vehicles, different methods efficient are needed, which make EV complex.More complex typically allow various alternative modes operation that be...

The Kia Soul battery electric vehicle (BEV) is available with either a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heater or an R134a heat pump (HP) PTC combination [1].The HP uses both ambient air and waste from the motor, inverter, on-board-charger (OBC) for its source.Hanon Systems, Hyundai America Technical Center, Inc. (HATCI) National Renewable Energy Laboratory jointly, financial support U.S. Department of Energy, developed proved-out technologies that extend driving range BEV while...

For pt. I see ibid., p.381-6, 2002. Part II of this two-part paper leverages off the findings in describing mathematical basis and system modeling approach used thermoelectric power generation (TEPG) investigations for waste heat recovery light-duty passenger (LDP) heavy-duty (HD) vehicles. The TEPG model has been to: (1) investigate behavior interdependence important thermal design parameters, (2) compare potential output a variety conditions LDP HD Integrated analyses have performed for:...

Automotive ancillary loads have a significant impact on the fuel economy of both conventional and advanced vehicles. Improving delivery methods for conditioned air is an effective way to increase thermal comfort at little energy cost, resulting in reduced airconditioning needs use. seats are well suited due their large contact area with close proximity occupants. Normally seat acts as insulator, increasing skin temperatures reducing evaporative cooling sweat. Ventilating has low costs...

The operation of air conditioning (A/C) systems is a significant contributor to the total amount fuel used by light-and heavyduty vehicles.Therefore, continued improvement efficiency these mobile A/C important.Numerical simulation has been reduce system development time and improve electronic controls, but numerical models that include highly detailed physics run slower than desired for carrying out vehicle-focused drive cycle-based optimization.Therefore, faster are needed even if some...

The National Renewable Energy Laboratory's (NREL's) CoolSim MATLAB/Simulink modeling framework was expanded by including a newly developed coolant loop solution method aimed at reducing the simulation effort for complex thermal management systems.The new approach does not require user to identify specific loops and their flow.The only needs connect fluid network elements in manner consistent with desired schematic.Using method, model of NREL's advanced combined system electric vehicles...

In the United States, intercity long-haul trucks idle approximately 1,800 hrs per year primarily for sleeper cab hotel loads, consuming 838 million gallons of diesel fuel [1].The U.S. Department Energy's National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) is working on solutions to this challenge through CoolCab project.The objective project work closely with industry design efficient thermal management systems that keep comfortable minimized engine idling.Truck idling done heat or cool cab/...

In the United States, an intercity long-haul truck averages approximately 1,800 hrs per year for idling, primarily sleeper cab hotel loads, consuming 838 million gallons of diesel fuel across entire fleet [1].Including workday over 2 billion are used annually idling [2].The U.S. Department Energy's National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) is working on solutions to reduce use through CoolCab project.The objective project work closely with industry design efficient thermal management...

Natural convection air cooling is the method of choice for many low-power electronics applications due to cost, availability, and reliability considerations. This not only limited applications, but also constrained by buoyancy dependence flow. Therefore, further enhancement natural needed. Enhanced allows higher heat dissipation while maintaining simplicity passive cooling. Synthetic jet devices operating on microfluidics principle provide unique advantages local with high coefficients...