A5001827121- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Vestibular and auditory disorders
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Ion channel regulation and function
- Hearing, Cochlea, Tinnitus, Genetics
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Plant and Biological Electrophysiology Studies
- stochastic dynamics and bifurcation
- Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Genetic Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Ichthyology and Marine Biology
- Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Advanced Memory and Neural Computing
- Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Neurological disorders and treatments
- Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Cellular transport and secretion
Hebrew University of Jerusalem
2013-2024
Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital
2019-2020
Institute of Life Sciences
2019
National Insurance Institute of Israel
2014
University of Copenhagen
2011
Duke Medical Center
2002
Duke University
2002
Duke University Hospital
2002
Max Planck Institute for Medical Research
1996
Carmel Medical Center
1995
The electrophysiological properties of guinea-pig inferior olivary (I.O.) cells have been studied in an vitro brain stem slice preparation. 1. Intracellular recordings from 185 neurones this nucleus reveal that antidromic, orthodromic or direct stimulation generates action potentials consisting a fast spike followed by after-depolarizing potential (ADP). ADP had amplitude 49 +/- 8 mV (mean S.D.) and duration which varied over wide range with the level depolarization. This is...
The electrophysiological properties of the high‐ and low‐threshold Ca spikes described in inferior olivary neurones were analysed detail. 1. During hyperpolarization low‐ high‐threshold action potentials can coexist as two distinct spikes, demonstrating non‐mutual exclusion. 2. spike shows a lack refractoriness, is generated remotely from site recording composed several all‐or‐none components, last suggesting dendritic origin. 3. Hyperpolarization allows activation spike, which has...
The oscillatory properties of the membrane potential in inferior olivary neurones were studied guinea‐pig brain‐stem slices maintained vitro. Intracellular double‐ramp current injection at frequencies 1‐20 Hz revealed that tend to fire two preferred frequencies: 3‐6 when cells actively depolarized (resting less than ‐50 mV), and 9‐12 they hyperpolarized more ‐75 mV). In 10% experiments spontaneous subthreshold oscillations observed. These oscillations, which resembled sinusoidal wave forms...
We report here the presence of fast subthreshold oscillatory potentials recorded in vitro from neurons within layer 4 guinea pig frontal cortex. Two types were recorded: (i) One type exhibited oscillations whose frequency increased with membrane depolarization and encompassed a range 10-45 Hz. Action this neuron demonstrated clear after-hyperpolarizations. (ii) The second was characterized by narrow-frequency near 35-50 These often outlasted initiating depolarizing stimulus. No calcium...
1. Intracellular recordings were made from neurons in slices guinea‐pig frontal cortex. In 50% of the cells, sustained subthreshold voltage oscillations evoked by long (> 6 s) depolarizing pulses. The peak‐to‐peak amplitude these was less than 5 mV and frequency dependent, increasing with depolarization 4 (near rest) to 20 Hz (at 30 depolarization). 2. impedance‐frequency relationship both oscillating non‐oscillating cells studied intracellular injection sinusoidal current linearly...
Exploring the organization and function of local inhibitory networks is an essential step on way to understand principles brain operation. We show here that molecular layer interneurons guinea pig cerebellar cortex are organized as networks, generating synchronous activity. Simultaneous recording from two adjacent revealed a direct current flow between synchronized pairs neurons. Blocking or excitatory synaptic transmission did not alter synchronization. The electrotonic coupling coefficient...
Manor, Yair, John Rinzel, Idan Segev, and Yosef Yarom. Low-amplitude oscillations in the inferior olive: a model based on electrical coupling of neurons with heterogeneous channel densities. J. Neurophysiol. 77: 2736–2752, 1997. The mechanism underlying subthreshold olivary cells is not known. To study this question, we developed single-compartment, two-variable, Hodgkin-Huxley-like for olive neurons. consists leakage current low-threshold calcium current, whose kinetics were experimentally...
1. Purkinje cells (PCs) from guinea-pig cerebellar slices were physiologically characterized using intracellular techniques. Extracellular caesium ions used to linearize the membrane properties of PCs near resting potential. Under these conditions average input resistance, RN, was 29 M omega, system time constant, tau 0, 82 ms and cable length, LN, 0.59. 2. Three fully reconstructed following physiological measurements staining with horseradish peroxidase. Assuming that each spine has an...
Neurons in the mammalian CNS receive 10 4 -10 5 synaptic inputs onto their dendritic tree. Each of these may fire spontaneously at a rate few spikes per second. Consequently, cell is bombarded by several hundred synapses each and every millisecond. An extreme example cerebellar Purkinje (PC) receiving approximately 100,000 excitatory from parallel fibers (p.f.s) spines covering thin branchlets. What effect p.f.s activity on integrative capabilities PC? This question explored theoretically...
Abstract Purkinje cells in the cerebellum are among largest neurons brain and have been extensively investigated rodents. However, their morphological physiological properties remain poorly understood humans. In this study, we utilized high-resolution reconstructions unique electrophysiological recordings of human ex vivo to generate computational models estimate capacity. An inter-species comparison showed that cell had similar fractal structures but were larger than those mouse cells....
1. Subthreshold membrane potential oscillations have been observed in different types of CNS neurons. In this vitro study, we examined the possible role these by analyzing responses neurons from inferior olivary nucleus to a combined stimulation sine wave and synaptic potentials. 2. A nonlinear summation occurred neurons; superlinear when was elicited at trough or during rising phase. On other hand, less than linear potentials were evoked falling phase wave. 3. Significant changes delay...
Octopus arm movements provide an extreme example of controlled a flexible with virtually unlimited degrees freedom. This study aims to identify general principles in the organization these movements. Video records vulgaris performing task reaching toward target were studied. The octopus extends its by wave-like propagation bend that travels from base tip. Similar is seen other movements, such as locomotion and searching. kinematics (position velocity) midpoint three-dimensional space...
Simultaneous recordings from the soma and apical dendrite of layer V neocortical pyramidal cells young rats show that, for any location current input, an evoked action potential (AP) always starts at axon then propagates actively, but decrementally, backward into dendrites. This back-propagating AP is supported by a low density (-gNa = approximately 4 mS/cm2) rapidly inactivating voltage-dependent Na+ channels in dendrite. Investigation detailed, biophysically constrained, models...
Electrotonic coupling in the inferior olivary (IO) nucleus is assumed to play a crucial role generating subthreshold membrane potential oscillations neurons and synchronizing climbing fiber input into cerebellar cortex. We studied strength spatial distribution of by simultaneous double patch recordings from brain slice preparation. was observed 50% cell pairs. The coefficient (CC), defined as ratio between voltage responses post- prejunctional cell, varied 0.002 0.17; most pairs were weakly...
The discrepancy between the structural longitudinal organization of parallel-fiber system in cerebellar cortex and functional mosaic-like has provoked controversial theories about flow information cerebellum. We address this issue by characterizing spatiotemporal neuronal activity using optical imaging voltage-sensitive dyes isolated guinea-pig Parallel-fiber stimulation evoked a narrow beam activity, which propagated along parallel fibers. Stimulation mossy fibers elicited circular,...
Neurones are noisy elements. Noise arises from both intrinsic and extrinsic sources, manifests itself as fluctuations in the membrane potential. These limit accuracy of a neurone's output but have also been suggested to play computational role. We present detailed study amplitude spectrum voltage noise recorded at soma layer IV-V pyramidal neurones slices taken rat neocortex. The dependence on holding potential, synaptic activity Na+ conductance is systematically analysed. demonstrate that...
The large-conductance voltage- and calcium-activated potassium (BK) channels are ubiquitously expressed in the brain play an important role regulation of neuronal excitation. Previous work has shown that total deletion these causes impaired motor behavior, consistent with a cerebellar dysfunction. Cellular analyses showed decrease spike firing rate occurred at least two types neurons, namely Purkinje neurons (PNs) Golgi cells. To determine relative PNs, we developed cell-selective mouse...