In the past decade, solar photovoltaic (PV) modules have emerged as promising energy sources worldwide. The only limitation associated with PV is efficiency which they can generate electricity. dust prime ingredient whose accumulation on surface of impacts negatively over its at a greater rate. This research aims to explore effects output and operating temperature polycrystalline silicon panels situated in two different climatic regions Pakistan, i.e., Islamabad Bahawalpur. both regions, one...

This paper addresses a multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) algorithm to locate the best position at which single distributed generator (DG) with optimum voltage amplitude and phase can be installed. The objective is maximize power factor in IEEE 9-Bus system 15-Bus using MATLAB/SIMULINK software. Systematic simulations revealed that DG Bus-5 amplitude/phase of 230 kV/-13 ∘ caused highest function value 1.9919 an improvement 1.39% 1.15% respectively. In system, Bus-3 (0.8828)...

Accident rates in academic laboratories are increasing rapidly day to day. The incorporation of complex activities with the inclusion modern technologies and human behavior during experiments often makes it difficult manage health safety risks. Failure modes effect analysis (FMEA) is widely used risk assessment technique that consider (03) parameters which include severity (S), occurrence (O), detection (D), calculate a priority number (R.P.N), facilitates failure ranking. However, there...

Decentralized power generation efficaciously merges technological advances in a rapidly changing face of networks introducing new system components, advanced control, renewable sources, elegant communication, and web technology paving the way for so called smart grids. Distributed lies at intersection point systems, electronics, control engineering, energy, communication systems which are not mutually exclusive subjects. Key features integration distribution network include loss...

The efficient operation of power-electronic-based systems heavily relies on the reliability and longevity battery-powered systems. An accurate prediction remaining useful life (RUL) batteries is essential for their effective maintenance, reliability, safety. However, traditional RUL methods deep learning-based approaches face challenges in managing battery degradation processes, such as achieving robust performance, to ensure scalability computational efficiency. There a need develop...

The electrical infrastructure around the globe is expanding at a rapid rate for sake of fulfilling power demands in domestic, commercial and entertainment industries aiming to boost living standards. In this regard, renewable energy sources (RES) are globally accepted potential candidates maintaining inexhaustible, clean, reliable electricity with supplementary feature economic prospect. efficiency distribution reduced cost consumers can be further enhanced by introducing two-way billing...

We demonstrate an autonomous, high-throughput mechanism for sorting of emulsion droplets with different sizes concurrently flowing in a microfluidic Hele-Shaw channel. The aqueous varying radii suspended olive oil are separated into streamlines across the channel upon interaction shallow (depth ∼ 700 nm) inclined guiding track ablated polydimethylsiloxane-coated surface focused femtosecond laser pulses. Specifically, observed differences droplet trajectories along arise due to scaling...

The face of state administered utility grid is suffering from a severe stress due to the rapidly growing urban communities, population, luxurious lifestyle residents and eventually their electricity needs. This trend being accelerated at higher pace during past decade calls for incorporation alternative power sources using renewables in grid-tied or islanding mode operation so-called microgrid. paper addresses technical issues associated with 132 kV dedicated Qadirpur Ran, rural district...

Background: The primary motive of an electrical power system is to generate and supply electric efficiently reliably the consumer-end. Transmission losses, instability increasing cost in proportion demand are main challenges faced this process. Power flow analysis required robustly predict active / reactive within buses, voltage magnitude phase angles at each bus, transmission losses well before practical installation network. Methods/Statistical Analysis: In paper, we employ using Newton...

—Partial discharge (PD) diagnostic is an effective tool for condition monitoring of the high-voltage equipment that provides updated status dielectric insulation components. Reliability diagnostics depends on quality PD measurement techniques and processing measured data. The online data suffer from various inaccuracies caused by external noise sources such as power electronic equipment, radio broadband signals wireless communication, etc. Therefore, extraction useful on-site measurements...

Differential protection normally detects short circuits and ground faults in the windings of a power transformer its terminals. Inter-turn refer to flashovers among electrodes that arise only similar type physical winding. can be examined when adequate sum turns is served as short-circuited. In electrical protection, it difficult detect inter-turn faults. An fault small magnitude based on limited number resultantly provide large quantity current. Due this reason, comes from differential...

Abstract The protection of power system is an essential trait in a huge network to efficiently detect and isolate the sections undergoing faults or abnormal behaviour. key components scheme include circuit breakers, relays, switchgears fuses which employ communication from one station another achieve high-speed tripping. automation these at laboratory level using programmable logic controller (PLC) along with supervisory control data acquisition (SCADA) owns paramount importance for...

Background: Obstructive uropathy is a condition characterized by the blockage of urine flow, which can lead to renal parenchymal damage and, if left untreated, potentially fatal outcomes. The arises from various causes, including stone disease, remains predominant factor. Management strategies such as Double J Stenting (DJS) and Percutaneous Nephrostomy (PCN) are employed temporarily alleviate obstruction, yet comparative efficacy safety profiles these interventions remain be thoroughly...

Abstract Smart surfaces with preferably reconfigurable wetting properties can lead to key applications in labon- a-chip analytical and preparative systems. In this paper, we present our recent results obtained using polymer whose are modified a permanent manner laser ablation plasma oxidation. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) diluted solvent is used as the polymeric material coated over microscope glass slides studies. first part, tracks of ~ 70 μm width defined surface by oxidation cold exposure...

Abstract This article offers an overview of distributed generation (DG) in distribution systems (DS). The primary goal this study is to assess the performance DGs DS. Due rise electrical energy consumption, it anticipated that DG sources would be essential Future power generating networks have a bright outlook on consideration DG’s potential for utilising alternative sources. quality crucial concern providers and consumers. In order decrease reliance fossil fuels production electricity,...

Abstract Power factor plays an important role in electrical industries. Low power results loss of and poor handling capacity. This can be overcome by using capacitors parallel to the load. Since capacitor draws a leading while inductor lagging current, hence adjusting banks load, it will level line. Earlier, process improvement was done through manual connection bank. Later corrector named automated (APFC) proposed. It uses switched circuit improve factor. In this research, value from load...

Abstract The major shortcoming in the extraction of electrical energy occurs due to partial shading over a limited area vast spread solar panels underpinning reduction efficiency. A number are interconnected series and parallel form photovoltaic (PV) array for large power plants shadow single cell deteriorates overall performance. As consequence, several peaks added P-V curve causing hotspots PV panels, degradation system, collapse tracking algorithms. In order minimize such issues an...

Holey optical fibers with air-filled openings can be turned into unconventional optofluidic components by selectively introducing a suitable liquid their internal holes. Enhanced interaction between the light guided fiber and molecular species suspended in confined then forms basis for designing unique devices-filters, sensors, or lasers-whose operating characteristics are extremely sensitive to minute changes composition. We present comprehensive mathematical analysis of dye lasers based on...