ABSTRACT We apply seismic full waveform inversion to SH‐ and Love‐wave data for investigating the near‐surface lithology at an archaeological site. evaluate resolution of applied algorithm through ground truthing in form excavation sediment core studies. Thereby, we investigate benefits comparison with other established methods prospecting terms capabilities interpretation security. The study is performed a presumed harbour area ancient Thracian city Ainos. exemplary target source linear...

We performed geophysical and geoarchaeological investigations in the Wadden Sea off North Frisia (Schleswig-Holstein, Germany) to map remains determine state of preservation medieval settlement Rungholt, especially its southern dyke segment, called Niedam dyke. Based on archaeological finds historical maps, Rungholt is assumed be located wadden sea area around island Hallig Südfall. During early modern times, extreme storm events caused major land losses, turning cultivated marshland into...

Abstract We present a new three‐dimensional (3D) marine seismic data acquisition system, named PingPong , developed for archaeological prospection in shallow water. Prospection targets the system are ancient harbour sites and sedimented remains of shipwrecks. The such often means working at transition from land to water, areas only few meters water depth hardly accessible waters. An environments needs meet specific demands, especially low draught marginal weight besides requirements...

Abstract The current state of the art in calibration seismometers is given by internal procedures which give only incomplete information about a seismometer’s response and are based on transfer functions supplied manufacturers. Calibrations traceable to International System Units (SI) provide an independent comprehensible characterization seismometers. These calibrations take part laboratory using electrodynamic shaker or shake table. To overcome issue that placed seismic stations not...

Water-layer multiples pose a major problem in shallow water seismic investigations as they interfere with primaries reflected from layer boundaries or archaeology buried only few meters below the bottom. In present study we evaluate two model-driven approaches (“Prediction and Subtraction” “RTM-Deco”) to attenuate water-layer multiple reflections very using synthetic field data. The tests comprise both multi- constant-offset We compare removal efficiency of evaluated methods traditional...

The International Monitoring System (IMS) has been established as part of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty to monitor nuclear testing and is comprised infrasound, hydroacoustic, seismic, radionuclide stations; it also used more widely by scientific community for civilian applications. For infrasound stations, on-site calibration provides an accurate measure sensor (microbarometer + wind-noise reduction system) frequency response, that response remains within tolerance baseline when...

As part of the EU-funded joint research project "Metrology for low-frequency sound and vibration - 19ENV03 Infra-AUV" laboratory calibration methods seismometers in low frequency range down to 0.01 Hz have been developed. The reliable knowledge full complex sensor response its associated measurement uncertainty both, magnitude phase, improve data quality reliability by correctly estimating signal amplitude phase information. Using newly developed on-site approaches, full-frequency responses...

As part of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), International Monitoring System (IMS), which includes infrasound stations, has been established to monitor nuclear testing, as well many other sources interest scientific community. To minimize effects wind-noise, wind-noise reduction systems (WNRS) are installed each sensor. In order provide best wave parameter (azimuth, trace velocity, amplitude) estimates, response WNRS must be properly taken into account. Therefore, it is...

Infrasound signals can be detected using a time-delay of arrival approach to derive the back azimuth and trace velocity coherent wave. For these calculations, it is necessary have calibrated measure pressure. Although calibration microbarometers performed in laboratory setting field with specific metrological means such as those developed by CEA, much more difficult determine transfer function wind noise reduction systems (WNRS), designed reduce associated noise. In-situ WNRS's co-located,...

In the context of joint research project "Metrology for low-frequency sound and vibration - 19ENV03 Infra-AUV" we evaluated natural, anthropogenic controlled sources seismic, infrasonic, hydroacoustic waves with respect to their potential use as excitation signals on-site calibration respective sensors in range 0.01 20 Hz. that context, man-made such drop weights, hammer blows or vibrator exhibit properties broad frequency content high repeatability make them an interesting source signal...

At present, seismometers are not traceably calibrated. This means that their output sensitivity is determined in a way traceable to the International Systems of Units (SI). The European research project 19ENV03 Infra-AUV, which part EMPIR programme, develops methods and procedures enable such calibrations.In contrast many other sensors, operated stationary typical measurement application, i.e., they must be moved after deployment. Conventional calibration approaches involve laboratory...

Abstract Coastal protection in the form of dike constructions has a long history at German North Frisian coast dating back to High Middle Ages. As vast majority dikes built prior devastating storm surges Ages have been irretrievably destroyed, mostly sparse remains and only few well preserved these medieval are found along within Wadden Sea. Not all details their construction dimensions yet understood. In present case study, we investigate historical Schardeich on island Pellworm Sea...

As part of the joint research project "Metrology for low-frequency sound and vibration - 19ENV03 Infra-AUV" laboratory calibration methods seismometers microbarometers in low frequency range down to 0.01 Hz have been developed. These procedures provide possibility traceable on-site during operation field sensors Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization’s (CTBTO) International Monitoring System (IMS). The allows accurate amplitude phase information as well an assignment...

Infrasound signals can be detected using a time-delay of arrival approach to derive the back azimuth and trace velocity coherent wave. For these calculations, it is necessary have calibrated measure pressure. Although calibration microbarometers performed in laboratory setting with specific metrological means such as those developed by CEA, much more difficult determine transfer function wind noise reduction systems (WNRS), designed reduce associated noise. In-situ WNRS’s (as...

Transfer standards have an important role in calibration, enabling traceability to be transferred across calibration facilities or physical locations. It is often the case laboratory that sensors best suited achieving optimum accuracy, measurement uncertainty, different characteristics those need deployed field. Laboratory techniques are tailored work with of a specific type form factor, and requirements on ruggedness tolerance wide range environmental conditions usually lesser importance...

Summary The geophysical investigation of ancient harbour sites often includes the shallow water area close to shore. In this environment, hydroacoustic methods are choice as they provide high resolution in decimetre range with corresponding penetration depths several meters. However, areas multiple reflections known interfere primary signals reflected by structures interest. To overcome problem layer multiples, we implemented and tested two model-driven approaches remove bottom reflections,...