A5021956013- Astro and Planetary Science
- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Astronomical and nuclear sciences
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
- Spacecraft Design and Technology
- Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
- Ion-surface interactions and analysis
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma
- Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Radioactive contamination and transfer
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- GNSS positioning and interference
- Analytical chemistry methods development
- Material Science and Thermodynamics
- X-ray Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Analysis
- Space exploration and regulation
- Radioactivity and Radon Measurements
- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Inertial Sensor and Navigation
Finnish Meteorological Institute
2013-2023
Cometary ices are rich in CO2, CO and organic volatile compounds, but the carbon content of cometary dust was only measured for Oort Cloud comet 1P/Halley, during its flyby 1986. The COmetary Secondary Ion Mass Analyzer (COSIMA)/Rosetta mass spectrometer analysed particles with sizes ranging from 50 to 1000 μm, collected over 2 yr, 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P), a Jupiter family comet. Here, we report 67P composition focusing on elements C O. It has high (atomic |${\rm{C}}/{\rm{Si}} =...
ABSTRACT The COmetary Secondary Ion Mass Analyser instrument on board ESA's Rosetta mission has collected dust particles in the coma of comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko. During early-orbit phase mission, and particle agglomerates have been imaged analyzed inner at distances between 100 km 10 off cometary nucleus more than 3 AU from Sun. We identified 585 14 μ m size. are low impact speeds constitute a sample impacting fragmenting targets. sizes range up to sub-millimeter differential flux...
Context. The COmetary Secondary Ion Mass Analyzer (COSIMA) on board Rosetta is dedicated to the collection and compositional analysis of dust particles in coma 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P).
The COmetary Secondary Ion Mass Analyzer (COSIMA) on board the Rosetta mission has analysed numerous cometary dust particles collected at very low velocities (a few m s−1) in environment of comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko (hereafter 67P). In these particles, carbon and nitrogen are expected mainly to be part organic matter. We have measured nitrogen-to-carbon (N/C) atomic ratio 27 particles. It ranges from 0.018 0.06 with an averaged value 0.035 ± 0.011. This is compatible measurements...
On 3 July 2016, several instruments on board ESA's Rosetta spacecraft detected signs of an outburst event comet 67P, at a heliocentric distance 3.32 AU from the sun, outbound perihelion. We here report inferred properties ejected dust and surface change site outburst. The activity coincided with local sunrise continued over time interval 14 - 68 minutes. It left 10m-sized icy patch surface. material comprised refractory grains hundred microns in size, sub-micron-sized water ice grains. high...
The Cometary Secondary Ion Mass Analyzer (COSIMA) collects dust particles in the coma of 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko, images them with a resolution 14 μm × μm, and measures their composition via time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. are collected on targets exposed to cometary flux for periods ranging from several hours week. Images acquired internal camera, COSISCOPE, before after each exposure period. This paper focuses evolution size distribution derived COSISCOPE during two years...
This paper reviews the current knowledge on composition of cometary dust (ice, minerals and organics) in order to constrain their origin formation mechanisms. Comets have been investigated by astronomical observations, space missions (Giotto Rosetta), analysis particles collected Earth, chondritic porous interplanetary (CP-IDPs) ultracarbonaceous Antarctic micrometeorites (UCAMMs). Most ices detected dense phases interstellar medium (ISM) identified volatiles. However, differences also...
The in situ cometary dust particle instrument COSIMA (COmetary Secondary Ion Mass Analyser) onboard ESA's Rosetta mission has collected about 31 000 particles the inner coma of comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko since August 2014. are identified by optical microscope imaging and analysed time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. After collection low speed impact on metal targets, morphology points towards four families particles. is an laboratory that operates remotely controlled next to...
40 000 collected cometary particles have been identified on the 21 targets exposed by COSIMA experiment on-board Rosetta to environment of comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko from 2014 August 2016 September. The images where obtained microscope (Cosiscope, 13.95 μm pixel−1) with near grazing incidence, which is optimal for primary objective (detection particles) but very challenging photometry. However, more than 300 are larger 100 makes it possible derive constraints optical properties...
ABSTRACT The D/H ratio is a clue to the origin and evolution of hydrogen-bearing chemical species in Solar system materials. has been observed coma many comets, but most such measurements have for gaseous water. We present first situ ratios organic refractory component cometary dust particles collected at very low impact speeds comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (hereafter 67P) by COSIMA instrument onboard Rosetta. values measured are spatial averages over an approximately 35 × 50 µm2 area....
Mercury's southern inner magnetosphere is an unexplored region as it was not observed by earlier space missions. In October 2021, BepiColombo mission has passed through this during its first Mercury flyby. Here, we describe the observations of SERENA ion sensors nearby and inside magnetosphere. An intermittent high-energy signal, possibly due to interplanetary magnetic flux rope, been downstream Mercury, together with low energy solar wind. Low ions, satellite outgassing, were detected...
The oxygen isotopic ratio 18O/16O has been measured in cometary gas for a wide variety of comets, but the only measurements dust were performed by Stardust sample return mission. Most such find value that is consistent with Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water (VSMOW) within errors. In this work we present result measurement, using COSIMA (the COmetary Secondary Ion Mass Analyser) instrument on Rosetta orbiter, from Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Measuring challenging number reasons, it...
Radio waves provide a useful diagnostic tool to investigate the properties of ionosphere because affects transmission and High Frequency (HF) electromagnetic waves. We have conducted transionospheric HF-propagation research campaign with nanosatellite on low-Earth polar orbit EISCAT HF transmitter facility in Tromsø, Norway, December 2020. In active measurement, transmitted sinusoidal 7.953 MHz signal which was received HEARER radio spectrometer onboard 1 Unit (size: 10 cm x cm) Suomi 100...
Auroras can be regarded as the most fascinating manifestation of space weather and they are continuously observed by ground-based and, nowadays more more, also space-based measurements. Investigations auroras geospace comprise main research goals Suomi 100 nanosatellite, first Finnish satellite, which has been measuring Earth's ionosphere since its launch on Dec. 3, 2018. In this work, we present a case study where satellite's camera observations an aurora over Northern Europe combined with...
The isotopic ratio 34S/32S has been measured in cometary gas for a few comets, but it only dust by stardust. measurements find value of the that is consistent with Vienna Canyon Diablo Troilite 0.0442 within errors, there more spread values from gas. In this paper, we present result sulphur Comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko COSIMA instrument aboard Rosetta spacecraft. We 0.0463 ± 0.0057, which errors terrestrial value.