Biowaste chicken eggshells contain high amounts of calcium carbonate or calcite. Waste generated by processing industries have the potential to be used as limestone lime in a variety applications. Studies shown removal membrane from can separated at laboratory level, but mass production has not been industrialized. The aim this study was optimize two removable techniques; heat treatment and bleach treatment. as-received eggshell samples were first water ball milled into 63 μm powder. In...

Graphene oxide (GO) was cross-linked with chitosan to yield a composite (GO-LCTS) variable morphology, enhanced surface area, and notably high methylene blue (MB) adsorption capacity. The materials were structurally characterized using thermogravimetric analysis spectroscopic methods (X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman 13C solid-state NMR) support that cross-linking occurs between the amine groups of -COOH GO. Equilibrium swelling studies provide for structural...

The potential of laser-based powder bed fusion (L-PBF) technology for producing functional components relies on its capability maintaining or even improving the mechanical properties processed material. This improvement is associated with microstructure resulting from high thermal gradient and fast cooling rate. However, this microstructural advantage may be counterbalanced by lack full density, which could tolerated to a certain degree applications such as biomedical implants medical...

In this study, wood sawdust as waste residue from processing mills was pretreated using torrefaction to improve fuel properties and densified facilitate transportation. Sawdust torrefied in a fixed bed reactor inside temperatures (IT) of 230, 260 290 °C for 15, 30 45 min, residence time. Due the low calorific value treatments, outside temperature (OT) used instead duration which resulted an increase energy by 40% most severe conditions. The mechanical strength pellets enhanced adding 20%...

The use of plastic products or components in medical equipment and supplies results challenges terms environmental sustainability waste management for disposable, non-recyclable, non-biodegradable materials. Medical includes items ranging from syringes, tubing, intravenous (IV) bags, packaging, more. Developing biodegradable replacements to petroleum-based plastics has not yet become an urgent priority, but it is important endeavor. Examining alternatives involves several key themes,...

In this study, an innovative composite was fabricated in which the matrix is partially derived from natural sources and filler undervalued eggshell waste material. The effect of coating eggshells mineral limestone with 2 wt.% stearic acid on mechanical properties a bio-epoxy investigated. Eggshells (untreated acid-treated) fillers were added to quantities 5, 10, 20 loadings using solution mixing technique. CaCO3 content confirmed be 88 wt.%, crystalline phase found calcite. did not show any...

Torrefaction pretreatment is a mild form of pyrolysis that has the potential to produce high-quality raw material for making biofuel serves as replacement coal in bioenergy industry. Microwave-assisted torrefaction was conducted on white spruce sawdust (WSS) at temperatures 200 °C, 250 and 300 °C retention times 5 min, 7 9 min an inert environment. The process produces solid carbon, commonly known biochar, condensable (torrefaction liquid (TL)) non-condensable gases. In this study,...

Based on its positive environmental impact, poly(lactic acid) (PLA) has been a gradual substitute for synthetic plastics used in diverse applications. The use of industrial limestone (ILS) as filler polymers can have advantages changing the properties pure polymers. Waste eggshells (WE) be seen an alternative to ILS they are also source calcium carbonate. To assess feasibility both types and sizes, PLA composites were manufactured by injection molding with contents 5, 10, 20 wt.%. Tensile,...

The current study was focused on electrically conductive polyaniline (PANI)-based polymer composites and their films, which contain poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). goal of this research to evaluate PANI that biopolymer platforms (chitosan or cellulose micro-powder) as materials for humidity sensing, were compared against carbon nanofibers in lieu the biopolymer. Ternary film prepared by a two-step method: (1) situ polymerization onto support yield binary composite, (2) physical blending resulting...

In this study, the technoeconomic feasibility of bioenergy production from sawdust under four different case scenarios is simulated and compared. These include: (1) heat electricity generation raw sawdust; (2) pellet (3) (4) integrated biorefinery approach for simultaneous manufacturing multiple products (steam-exploded torrefied pellets) co-products (furfural, hydroxy methyl furfural (HMF), acetic acid), along with generation. Economic assessments such as cost analysis, payback time (PBT),...

Cellulosic biomass shows great potential as feedstock for bioethanol production. Despite clear benefits in terms of greenhouse gas mitigation and bioproduct potential, the commercial production cellulosic ethanol remains economically challenging at current state technology. This paper presents a technoeconomic analysis fungal pretreatment-based plant with processing capacity 2000 tonnes switchgrass per day. The process model was designed simulated using SuperPro Designer. plant's yield,...