The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence an energy drink (ED) on cycling performance and immune-related variables. Eleven trained male cyclists (33.4 ± 8.9 years; 81 7.6 kg; maximal VO2, 52 3.4 ml·kg(-1)·min(-1)) consumed 500 ml (a) ED (2.0 g taurine, 1.2 glucuronolactone, 160 mg caffeine, 56 carbohydrate [CHO], B vitamins), (b) cola matched for caffeine CHO (CC), or (c) flavored placebo (PL: sparking water flavoring) 50 minutes before racing in a randomized, crossover...

Abstract This work in progress paper explores student-related outcomes associated with participation a novel peer mentoring program (PMP) for underrepresented first-year students an engineering school at private, predominantly White institution (PWI). The PMP's mission is to support traditionally (TU) engineering, including racial minorities (Black, Hispanic, and Native American students), first-generation students, Pell-eligible students. To be eligible participate the PMP, student must...

Abstract The purpose of this work in progress research paper is to document the development an inclusive teaching toolkit for engineering faculty based on voices and experiences traditionally underrepresented undergraduate students. This motivated by larger goal creating a excellence related professional opportunities faculty. need such comes from general lack focus classroom preparation within engineering, which can lead disproportionately negative outcomes students (i.e., Black, Hispanic,...

Abstract This Complete Evidence-based Practice paper examines student-related outcomes associated with participation in a novel peer mentoring program (PMP) for traditionally underrepresented first-year students the school of engineering at predominantly white institution (PWI). Engineering education programs often retain color disproportionately lower rates than their peers, which causes inequitable and limits diversity within profession. The PMP discussed this study was recently...

Energy Drinks have become a popular preexercise supplement due to the combination of caffeine and carbohydrate. Other ingredients such as glucuronolactone taurine may play role in performance enhancement. PURPOSE: The purpose this study was investigate influence common energy drink on cycling performance, substrate oxidation immune-related variables. METHODS: This blinded, randomized, cross-over design. Eleven trained male cyclists (mean age 33.4 ± 8.9 yr, body mass 81 7.6 kg, maximal VO2...

Heat shock proteins (HSP) improve cellular thermotolerance and protect against stress-induced cell death by reducing molecular damage mediating apoptotic pathways. HSP72 levels increase due to nonlethal heat stress in vitro, physiologically stressful conditions vivo. Multiple bouts of exercise the lead improved whole-body thermotolerance, which may be related an accumulation HSP72. Increased has been shown decrease apoptosis vitro; however, relationship between physiological adaptations...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease with impairments in sudomotor function. 4-aminopyridine (4AP) increases conduction of action potentials demyelinated axons by inhibiting K+ channels and has been shown to improve walking MS patients. This investigation tested the hypothesis that 4AP could thermoregulatory function patients during indirect whole-body heating (WBH). Sweat rate (SR) cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC; skin blood flow/mean arterial pressure expressed as %max...

Whole‐body heating (WBH) reduces middle cerebral artery blood velocity (MCAV mean ) and orthostatic tolerance in humans. To identify if focal head cooling is an effective counter measure during WBH, MCAV were determined five subjects a progressive lower body negative pressure (LBNP) test during: 1) normothermia (34 °C water perfused through tube‐lined suit hood), 2) WBH‐head (48 3) 20 hood). Tolerance tests WBH performed following increase internal temperature ~1.0 °C. Orthostatic was not...