Antioxidant activity was studied for anthocyanins extracted from purple black rice (PBR) by a 3% aqueous trifluoroacetic acid solution (TFA), as well blueberry (Bluetta, high bush type). Capillary zone electrophoresis revealed that the PBR extract contained almost exclusively single anthocyanin, which identified cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside (Cy 3-Glc) after purification polyvinylpyrrolidone column chromatography. In contrast, 11 were in extract. showed slightly weaker superoxide scavenging...

Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) is widely recognized as the primary mediator of neuroendocrine and behavioral responses to stress, including stress-induced anxiety. The biological activity CRH other mammalian CRH-like peptides, such urocortin, may be modulated by CRH-binding protein (CRH-BP). To assess directly CRH-BP function, we created a mouse model deficiency gene targeting. Basal adrenocorticotropic corticosterone levels are unchanged in CRH-BP-deficient mice, animals demonstrate...

Two major products (adducts A and B) from the reaction of 2'-deoxyguanosine (dGuo) with 13-hydroperoxylinoleic acid were detected by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS). Adducts B also formed enzymatically when dGuo was incubated in presence linoleic lipoxygenase. The mass spectral fragmentation patterns adducts suggested that unique modifications to nucleoside had been introduced. This resulted characterization a novel bifunctional electrophile, 4-oxo-2-nonenal, as principal...

Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) is the primary hypothalamic releasing factor that mediates mammalian stress response. The CRH-binding protein (CRH-BP) secreted from corticotropes, pituitary CRH target cells, suggesting CRH-BP may modulate hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity by preventing receptor stimulation. Transgenic mice were generated constitutively express elevated levels of in anterior gland. RNA and analyses confirmed elevation CRH-BP. Basal plasma concentrations...

Analysis of the reaction between 2'-deoxyadenosine and 13-hydroperoxylinoleic acid by liquid chromatography/constant neutral loss mass spectrometry revealed presence two major products (adducts A B). Adduct was shown to be a mixture isomers (A1 A2) that each decomposed with water form adduct B. The spectral characteristics B were consistent substituted 1,N6-etheno-2'-deoxyadensoine 1' '-[3-(2'-deoxy-β-d-erythro-pentafuranosyl)-3H-imidazo[2,1-i]purin-7-yl]heptan-2' '-one. Adducts A1, A2,...

The dissipated effective kinetic energy in the refrigeration cycle can be recovered by using a two phase ejector. performance of ejector depends on mixing characteristics droplets with large inertia and relatively light gas. It is important for designing to know flows it. In this study, two-dimensional differential equations section diffuser are solved numerically. calculated conversion efficiency which used evaluate ejectors good agreement experimental one refrigerant R134a. effciency...

1 The pylorus plays an important role in the regulation of gastric emptying. In addition to autonomic neuropathy associated with long-standing diabetes, acute hyperglycaemia per se has effects on this study, central nervous system modulating distension-induced pyloric relaxation was investigated. 2 Gastric significantly reduced by subdiaphragmatic vagotomy, hexamethonium (20 mg kg−1) and NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 10 kg−1), a nitric oxide synthase (NOS) biosynthesis inhibitor,...

Abstract Members of the bacterial genus Bdellovibrio include strains that are free‐living whereas others known to invade and parasitize larger Gram‐negative bacteria. The bacterium can synthesize several sphingophospholipid compounds including those with phosphoryl bonds as well phosphonyl bonds. In present study, dominant sphingophosphonolipid component was isolated by column chromatography, long‐chain bases, fatty acids, polar head groups were identified thin‐layer gas‐liquid...

A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of valproic acid in tears has been developed using gas chromatography/electron capture negative chemical ionization/mass spectrometry. Valproic was converted directly into its pentafluorobenzyl ester derivative without need to perform any extraction from biologic fluid. The concentrations [C]t correlated very well with those free form plasma [Cf]p total [Cb+f]p. ratios between were as follows: [C]t/[Cb+f]p = 0.10 +/- 0.02; [C]t/[Cf]p 0.57...

Summary Aim : Previous studies have demonstrated that corticotropin‐releasing factor (CRF) produces behavioural, physiological and immunological responses similar to those induced by stress. However, these findings been validated largely in laboratory rats. Methods We examined the effects of intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration CRF on anxiety food intake mice. Using elevated‐plus maze, we measured levels after i.c.v. also for 2 h CRF. Results increased normal preference closed...

The Norwalk virus (NV) causes outbreaks of acute non-bacterial gastroenteritis in humans. capsid is composed a single 60 kDa protein. protein NV36 (genogroup II, Mexico type) was expressed an Escherichia coli system and ten monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were generated against it. reactivity these MAbs characterized using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Western blot (WB) analysis towards 20 overlapping fragments the E. coli. All recognized sequential (continuous) epitopes on three...

The reaction of 1-phenylsulfonyl-3, 3, 3-trifluoropropene (1) with active methylene compounds gave the corresponding adducts in good yields.

[Purpose] This study aimed to evaluate the effect of in-hospital physical activity on patient prognosis after lower extremity bypass surgery for peripheral arterial disease. [Subjects and Methods] A total 13 patients (16 limbs; 11 males 2 females; mean age [standard deviation], 72.8 [5.9] years) who underwent Fontaine stage disease were included in this assigned either an active group (n = 6) perform increased or inactive 7) decreased surgery. Daily levels measured continuously with a...

The Diels-Alder reaction of 1-phenylsulfonyl-3, 3, 3-trifluoropropene (1) with 1, 3-dienes was carried out to give the [4+2] cycloadducts in good yields. carbon chain extension adducts by sulfonyl-stabilized carbanion alkyl halides and reductive desulfonylation proceeded without affecting trifluoromethyl group. Trifluoromenadione (6h) prepared 71% yield through 1 1-methoxyisobenzofuran (2h).

A method for the determination of dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEA-S) in biological samples is described. [7,7,16,16-2H4]-Dehydroepiandrosterone (2H4-DHEA-S) was synthesized and its applicability examined as an internal standard with liquid chromatography/atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass spectrometry (LC/APCI-MS). Deuterium atoms 2H4-DHEA-S molecules were not exchanged to hydrogen during extraction procedure from specimens DHEA-S LC/MS. The calibration curve linear over...

We have previously identified the peptide-YY (PYY) receptor on porcine brain membranes as a 50-kDa protein after chemical cross-linking. PYY receptors are discretely distributed in of various mammals, to which neuropeptide-Y (NPY), but not pancreatic polypeptide (PP), bind with great specificity. The present study was carried out order 1) identify and characterize avian brain, 2) compare it APP that had been demonstrated cerebellum, 3) examine [125I]APP-binding activity brain. [125I]PYY...