Obese women diagnosed with breast cancer have an increased risk for metastasis, and the underlying mechanisms are not well established. Within mammary gland, adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) heterogeneous capacity to differentiate into multiple mesenchymal lineages. To study effects of obesity on ASCs, mice were fed a control diet (CD) or high-fat (HFD) induce obesity, ASCs isolated from glands lean obese mice. We observed that proliferation, decreased differentiation potential,...

Obesity is correlated with an increased risk for developing postmenopausal breast cancer. Since obesity rates continue to rise worldwide, it important understand how the obese microenvironment influences normal mammary tissue increase cancer risk. We hypothesized that increases proportion of luminal progenitor cells, which are thought be cells origin most common types cancer, potentially leading To study within gland, we used a high-fat diet mouse model and human from reduction mammoplasty...

THE EFFECTIVENESS of estrogen administered cutaneously in creams, oils, alcohol or benzene has been clearly demonstrated (1–4). This treatment usually directed toward systemic responses. Some experiments have demon-strated that may act locally on breast tissue vaginal epithelium without affecting other more distant organs. In the case extremely small amounts were effective (5). The direct application estrogen, when possible, prove desirable under cer-tain conditions where reactions are not...

Obesity enhances breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women and premenopausal with genetic or familial factors. We have shown previously that within tissue, obesity increases macrophage-driven inflammation promotes expansion of luminal epithelial cell populations are hypothesized to be the cells origin for most common subtypes cancer. However, it is not clear how these changes microenvironment alter tumor growth. Using a high-fat diet induce obesity, we examined preneoplastic associated...

A 20-year-old, female Catalina macaw (Ara ararauna × Ara macao) was presented with bilateral uveitis and hyphema. The hyphema initially improved 0.12% prednisolone acetate ophthalmic drops (1 drop OU q4h for 7 days), but the recurred after were tapered. bird subsequently developed inappetance, weight loss, regurgitation, lethargy euthanatized 24 days initial presentation. Necropsy revealed marked splenomegaly hepatomegaly, significant mucosal ulcerations of proventriculus petechiation...

An 18-month-old, female, spayed domestic ferret ( Mustela putorius furo) was presented for progressive hind limb paresis of 1 week duration. The mentally appropriate but cachexic and ataxic with neurological deficits, which localized the lesion to lumbosacral region. A depression in spine associated discomfort on palpation. Results whole body radiographs were consistent an abnormal angle between vertebrae L6 S1, resulted hyperflexion spine. euthanized, histopathological examination revealed...

Obesity is a risk factor for breast cancer in postmenopausal and high-risk premenopausal women. Changes within the obese microenvironment may increase risk. Transforming growth beta-1 (TGFβ1) major regulator of mammary epithelial stem/progenitor cells, its activity dysregulated under conditions obesity. Using high-fat diet model obesity mice tissue from women, we observed that TGFβ1 reduced cells Breast ducts lobules demonstrated increased decorin extracellular matrix (ECM) surrounding...

A 10-year-old spayed female Holland Lop-mix pet rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) was evaluated because of purulent-hemorrhagic discharge from the right ear canal and a suspected mass within that canal.Results contrast-enhanced CT, video otoscopy, histologic examination endoscopic tissue biopsy samples indicated severe otitis media externa benign trichoepithelioma canal.Total ablation lateral bulla osteotomy were performed. Histologic surgical sample malignant trichoepithelioma. Tumor...

A 3‐year‐old male N ew Caledonian giant gecko, or L each's gecko ( Rhacodactylus leachianus ) presented with acute lethargy and coelomic distention. Findings from survey radiographs an upper gastrointestinal tract contrast study were consistent severe aerophagia, a collapsed left lung, hyperinflation of the right lung due to suspected bronchial obstruction. The was treated conservative medical management, but found dead 5 days after presentation. Necropsy findings showed intussusception...

Neoplasia in porcupines is rarely reported the literature, and prevalence unknown. A retrospective review of records from a private zoo diagnostic pathology service found four cases mammary adenocarcinoma Indian crested (Hystrix indica) separate zoological institutions. All presented geriatric females (14-19 yr age) as freely movable subcutaneous masses within chain. None individuals had additional clinical signs, radiographic, or hematologic changes at initial presentation. were managed...

<div>Abstract<p>Obesity enhances breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women and premenopausal with genetic or familial factors. We have shown previously that within tissue, obesity increases macrophage-driven inflammation promotes expansion of luminal epithelial cell populations are hypothesized to be the cells origin for most common subtypes cancer. However, it is not clear how these changes microenvironment alter tumor growth. Using a high-fat diet induce obesity, we examined...

<div>Abstract<p>Obesity enhances breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women and premenopausal with genetic or familial factors. We have shown previously that within tissue, obesity increases macrophage-driven inflammation promotes expansion of luminal epithelial cell populations are hypothesized to be the cells origin for most common subtypes cancer. However, it is not clear how these changes microenvironment alter tumor growth. Using a high-fat diet induce obesity, we examined...

<p>Figure S2 shows additional characterization of end stage tumors.</p>

<p>Figure S1 outlines the experimental design.</p>

<p>Figure S3 shows flow cytometery gating strategy and quantification of additional cell types in the mammary gland.</p>

<p>Figure S4 shows flow cytometry gating strategy and analysis of immune cell populations in mammary glands following depletion macrophages.</p>

<p>Figure S5 shows DNA damage in p53-/- primary epithelial cells following treatment with hydrogen peroxide.</p>

<p>Supplementary data contains Table S1 with detailed list of antibodies, S2 primer and supplementary materials methods.</p>

<p>Figure S2 shows additional characterization of end stage tumors.</p>

<p>Supplementary data contains Table S1 with detailed list of antibodies, S2 primer and supplementary materials methods.</p>